spring-data-redis 动态切换数据源的方法
最近遇到了一个麻烦的需求,我们需要一个微服务应用同时访问两个不同的 Redis 集群。一般我们不会这么使用 Redis,但是这两个 Redis 本来是不同业务集群,现在需要一个微服务同时访问。
其实我们在实际业务开发的时候,可能还会遇到类似的场景。例如 Redis 读写分离,这个也是 spring-data-redis 没有提供的功能,底层连接池例如 Lettuce 或者 Jedis 都提供了获取只读连接的 API,但是缺陷有两个:
- 上层 spring-data-redis 并没有封装这种接口
- 基于 redis 的架构实现的,哨兵模式需要配置 sentinel 的地址,集群模式需要感知集群拓扑,在云原生环境中,这些都默认被云提供商隐藏了,暴露到外面的只有一个个动态 VIP 域名。
因此,我们需要在 spring-data-redis 的基础上实现一个动态切换 Redis 连接的机制。
spring-data-redis 的配置类为:org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.redis.RedisProperties
,可以配置单个 Redis 实例或者 Redis 集群的连接配置。根据这些配置,会生成统一的 Redis 连接工厂 RedisConnectionFactory
spring-data-redis 核心接口与背后的连接相关抽象关系为:
通过这个图,我们可以知道,我们实现一个可以动态返回不同 Redis 连接的 RedisConnectionFactory
即可,并且根据 spring-data-redis 的自动装载源码可以知道,框架内的所有 RedisConnectionFactory
是 @ConditionalOnMissingBean
的,即我们可以使用我们自己实现的 RedisConnectionFactory
进行替换。
项目地址:https://github.com/JoJoTec/spring-boot-starter-redis-related
我们可以给 RedisProperties
配置外层封装一个多 Redis 连接的配置,即MultiRedisProperties
:
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.redis")
public class MultiRedisProperties {
/**
* 默认连接必须配置,配置 key 为 default
*/
public static final String DEFAULT = "default";
private boolean enableMulti = false;
private Map<String, RedisProperties> multi;
}
这个配置是在原有配置基础上的,也就是用户可以使用原有配置,也可以使用这种多 Redis 配置,就是需要配置 spring.redis.enable-multi=true
。multi 这个 Map 中放入的 key 是数据源名称,用户可以在使用 RedisTemplate 或者 ReactiveRedisTemplate 之前,通过这个数据源名称指定用哪个 Redis。
接下来我们来实现 MultiRedisLettuceConnectionFactory
,即可以动态切换 Redis 连接的 RedisConnectionFactory
,我们的项目采用的 Redis 客户端是 Lettuce:
public class MultiRedisLettuceConnectionFactory
implements InitializingBean, DisposableBean, RedisConnectionFactory, ReactiveRedisConnectionFactory {
private final Map<String, LettuceConnectionFactory> connectionFactoryMap;
private static final ThreadLocal<String> currentRedis = new ThreadLocal<>();
public MultiRedisLettuceConnectionFactory(Map<String, LettuceConnectionFactory> connectionFactoryMap) {
this.connectionFactoryMap = connectionFactoryMap;
}
public void setCurrentRedis(String currentRedis) {
if (!connectionFactoryMap.containsKey(currentRedis)) {
throw new RedisRelatedException("invalid currentRedis: " + currentRedis + ", it does not exists in configuration");
}
MultiRedisLettuceConnectionFactory.currentRedis.set(currentRedis);
}
@Override
public void destroy() throws Exception {
connectionFactoryMap.values().forEach(LettuceConnectionFactory::destroy);
}
@Override
public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {
connectionFactoryMap.values().forEach(LettuceConnectionFactory::afterPropertiesSet);
}
private LettuceConnectionFactory currentLettuceConnectionFactory() {
String currentRedis = MultiRedisLettuceConnectionFactory.currentRedis.get();
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(currentRedis)) {
MultiRedisLettuceConnectionFactory.currentRedis.remove();
return connectionFactoryMap.get(currentRedis);
}
return connectionFactoryMap.get(MultiRedisProperties.DEFAULT);
}
@Override
public ReactiveRedisConnection getReactiveConnection() {
return currentLettuceConnectionFactory().getReactiveConnection();
}
@Override
public ReactiveRedisClusterConnection getReactiveClusterConnection() {
return currentLettuceConnectionFactory().getReactiveClusterConnection();
}
@Override
public RedisConnection getConnection() {
return currentLettuceConnectionFactory().getConnection();
}
@Override
public RedisClusterConnection getClusterConnection() {
return currentLettuceConnectionFactory().getClusterConnection();
}
@Override
public boolean getConvertPipelineAndTxResults() {
return currentLettuceConnectionFactory().getConvertPipelineAndTxResults();
}
@Override
public RedisSentinelConnection getSentinelConnection() {
return currentLettuceConnectionFactory().getSentinelConnection();
}
@Override
public DataAccessException translateExceptionIfPossible(RuntimeException ex) {
return currentLettuceConnectionFactory().translateExceptionIfPossible(ex);
}
}
逻辑非常简单,就是提供了设置 Redis 数据源的接口,并且放入了 ThreadLocal 中,并且仅对当前一次有效,读取后就清空。
然后,将 MultiRedisLettuceConnectionFactory 作为 Bean 注册到我们的 ApplicationContext 中:
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.redis", value = "enable-multi", matchIfMissing = false)
@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
public class RedisCustomizedConfiguration {
/**
* @param builderCustomizers
* @param clientResources
* @param multiRedisProperties
* @return
* @see org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.redis.LettuceConnectionConfiguration
*/
@Bean
public MultiRedisLettuceConnectionFactory multiRedisLettuceConnectionFactory(
ObjectProvider<LettuceClientConfigurationBuilderCustomizer> builderCustomizers,
ClientResources clientResources,
MultiRedisProperties multiRedisProperties,
ObjectProvider<RedisSentinelConfiguration> sentinelConfigurationProvider,
ObjectProvider<RedisClusterConfiguration> clusterConfigurationProvider
) {
//读取配置
Map<String, LettuceConnectionFactory> connectionFactoryMap = Maps.newHashMap();
Map<String, RedisProperties> multi = multiRedisProperties.getMulti();
multi.forEach((k, v) -> {
//这个其实就是框架中原有的源码使用 RedisProperties 的方式,我们其实就是在 RedisProperties 外面包装了一层而已
LettuceConnectionConfiguration lettuceConnectionConfiguration = new LettuceConnectionConfiguration(
v,
sentinelConfigurationProvider,
clusterConfigurationProvider
);
LettuceConnectionFactory lettuceConnectionFactory = lettuceConnectionConfiguration.redisConnectionFactory(builderCustomizers, clientResources);
connectionFactoryMap.put(k, lettuceConnectionFactory);
});
return new MultiRedisLettuceConnectionFactory(connectionFactoryMap);
}
}
我们来测试下,使用 embedded-redis 来启动本地 redis,从而实现单元测试。我们启动两个 Redis,在两个 Redis 中放入不同的 Key,验证是否存在,并且测试同步接口,多线程调用同步接口,和多次异步接口无等待订阅从而测试有效性。:
import com.github.jojotech.spring.boot.starter.redis.related.lettuce.MultiRedisLettuceConnectionFactory;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterAll;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith;
import org.redisson.api.RedissonClient;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.ReactiveStringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.SpringExtension;
import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
import redis.embedded.RedisServer;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
@SpringBootTest(properties = {
"spring.redis.enable-multi=true",
"spring.redis.multi.default.host=127.0.0.1",
"spring.redis.multi.default.port=6379",
"spring.redis.multi.test.host=127.0.0.1",
"spring.redis.multi.test.port=6380",
})
public class MultiRedisTest {
//启动两个 redis
private static RedisServer redisServer;
private static RedisServer redisServer2;
@BeforeAll
public static void setUp() throws Exception {
System.out.println("start redis");
redisServer = RedisServer.builder().port(6379).setting("maxheap 200m").build();
redisServer2 = RedisServer.builder().port(6380).setting("maxheap 200m").build();
redisServer.start();
redisServer2.start();
System.out.println("redis started");
}
@AfterAll
public static void tearDown() throws Exception {
System.out.println("stop redis");
redisServer.stop();
redisServer2.stop();
System.out.println("redis stopped");
}
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@Configuration
public static class App {
}
@Autowired
private StringRedisTemplate redisTemplate;
@Autowired
private ReactiveStringRedisTemplate reactiveRedisTemplate;
@Autowired
private MultiRedisLettuceConnectionFactory multiRedisLettuceConnectionFactory;
private void testMulti(String suffix) {
//使用默认连接,设置 "testDefault" + suffix, "testDefault" 键值对
redisTemplate.opsForValue().set("testDefault" + suffix, "testDefault");
//使用 test 连接,设置 "testSecond" + suffix, "testDefault" 键值对
multiRedisLettuceConnectionFactory.setCurrentRedis("test");
redisTemplate.opsForValue().set("testSecond" + suffix, "testSecond");
//使用默认连接,验证 "testDefault" + suffix 存在,"testSecond" + suffix 不存在
Assertions.assertTrue(redisTemplate.hasKey("testDefault" + suffix));
Assertions.assertFalse(redisTemplate.hasKey("testSecond" + suffix));
//使用 test 连接,验证 "testDefault" + suffix 不存在,"testSecond" + suffix 存在
multiRedisLettuceConnectionFactory.setCurrentRedis("test");
Assertions.assertFalse(redisTemplate.hasKey("testDefault" + suffix));
multiRedisLettuceConnectionFactory.setCurrentRedis("test");
Assertions.assertTrue(redisTemplate.hasKey("testSecond" + suffix));
}
//单次验证
@Test
public void testMultiBlock() {
testMulti("");
}
//多线程验证
@Test
public void testMultiBlockMultiThread() throws InterruptedException {
Thread thread[] = new Thread[50];
AtomicBoolean result = new AtomicBoolean(true);
for (int i = 0; i < thread.length; i++) {
int finalI = i;
thread[i] = new Thread(() -> {
try {
testMulti("" + finalI);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
result.set(false);
}
});
}
for (int i = 0; i < thread.length; i++) {
thread[i].start();
}
for (int i = 0; i < thread.length; i++) {
thread[i].join();
}
Assertions.assertTrue(result.get());
}
//reactive 接口验证
private Mono<Boolean> reactiveMulti(String suffix) {
return reactiveRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set("testReactiveDefault" + suffix, "testReactiveDefault")
.flatMap(b -> {
multiRedisLettuceConnectionFactory.setCurrentRedis("test");
return reactiveRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set("testReactiveSecond" + suffix, "testReactiveSecond");
}).flatMap(b -> {
return reactiveRedisTemplate.hasKey("testReactiveDefault" + suffix);
}).map(b -> {
Assertions.assertTrue(b);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
return b;
}).flatMap(b -> {
return reactiveRedisTemplate.hasKey("testReactiveSecond" + suffix);
}).map(b -> {
Assertions.assertFalse(b);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
return b;
}).flatMap(b -> {
multiRedisLettuceConnectionFactory.setCurrentRedis("test");
return reactiveRedisTemplate.hasKey("testReactiveDefault" + suffix);
}).map(b -> {
Assertions.assertFalse(b);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
return b;
}).flatMap(b -> {
multiRedisLettuceConnectionFactory.setCurrentRedis("test");
return reactiveRedisTemplate.hasKey("testReactiveSecond" + suffix);
}).map(b -> {
Assertions.assertTrue(b);
return b;
});
}
//多次调用 reactive 验证,并且 subscribe,这本身就是多线程的
@Test
public void testMultiReactive() throws InterruptedException {
for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
reactiveMulti("" + i).subscribe(System.out::println);
}
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(10);
}
}
运行测试,通过。
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