详解Android Handler的使用

目录

• Handler

• 概要
• 构造器
• sendMessageAtTime
• dispatchMessage

• IdleHandler
• AsyncMessage和SyncBarrier
• 阻塞和唤醒机制

public Handler(Callback callback, boolean async){}
public Handler(Looper looper, Callback callback, boolean async){}

public void dispatchMessage(Message msg) {
     if (msg.callback != null) {
         handleCallback(msg);
     } else {
         if (mCallback != null) {
             if (mCallback.handleMessage(msg)) {
                 return;
             }
         }
         handleMessage(msg);
     }
 }

new Thread("Thread#2") {
    @override
    public void run() {
        Looper.prepare();
        Handler handler = new Handler();
        Looper.loop();
    }
}

/**
 * Callback interface for discovering when a thread is going to block
 * waiting for more messages.
 */
public static interface IdleHandler {
    /**
     * Called when the message queue has run out of messages and will now
     * wait for more.  Return true to keep your idle handler active, false
     * to have it removed.  This may be called if there are still messages
     * pending in the queue, but they are all scheduled to be dispatched
     * after the current time.
     */
    boolean queueIdle();
}

/**
 * ...
 * <p>Keep in mind that onResume is not the best indicator that your activity
 * is visible to the user; a system window such as the keyguard may be in
 * front.  Use {@link #onWindowFocusChanged} to know for certain that your
 * activity is visible to the user (for example, to resume a game).
 * ...
 */
  @CallSuper
  protected void onResume() {...}

if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
     Looper.myLooper().getQueue().addIdleHandler(new MessageQueue.IdleHandler() {
         @Override
         public boolean queueIdle() {
             // do something when queue is idle
             // 返回值表示bKeepAlive标识：true->继续使用，false->销毁该Handler
             return false;
         }
     });
}

boolean enqueueMessage(Message msg, long when) {
     synchronized (this) {
         msg.markInUse();
         msg.when = when;
         Message p = mMessages;
         if (p == null || when == 0 || when < p.when) {
             // New head.
             msg.next = p;
             mMessages = msg;
         } else {
             // Inserted within the middle of the queue.
             Message prev;
             for (;;) {
                 prev = p;
                 p = p.next;
                 if (p == null || when < p.when) {
                     break;
             }
         }
         msg.next = p; // invariant: p == prev.next
         prev.next = msg;
     }
     return true;
}

public final boolean postAtFrontOfQueue(Runnable r)
{
    return sendMessageAtFrontOfQueue(getPostMessage(r));
}
public final boolean sendMessageAtFrontOfQueue(Message msg) {
	return enqueueMessage(queue, msg, 0);
}

// mMessages表示队首消息
Message msg = mMessages;
if (msg != null && msg.target == null) {
    // Stalled by a barrier.  Find the next asynchronous message in the queue.
    do {
        prevMsg = msg;
        msg = msg.next;
    } while (msg != null && !msg.isAsynchronous());
}

void scheduleTraversals() {
	if (!mTraversalScheduled) {
	    mTraversalScheduled = true;
        // 设置Barrier
	    mTraversalBarrier = mHandler.getLooper().getQueue().postSyncBarrier();
        // 该方法最终会提交一个AsyncMessage
	    mChoreographer.postCallback(
	            Choreographer.CALLBACK_TRAVERSAL, mTraversalRunnable, null);
	    if (!mUnbufferedInputDispatch) {
	        scheduleConsumeBatchedInput();
	    }
	    notifyRendererOfFramePending();
	    pokeDrawLockIfNeeded();
	}
}

Message next() {
    int nextPollTimeoutMillis = 0;
    for (;;) {
        if (nextPollTimeoutMillis != 0) {
            Binder.flushPendingCommands();
        }
        // 关键方法，将线程阻塞nextPollTimeoutMillis毫秒，若nextPollTimeoutMillis为-1，线程将一直处于阻塞状态。
        nativePollOnce(ptr, nextPollTimeoutMillis);
        synchronized (this) {
            // Ignore SyncBarrier code 
            final long now = SystemClock.uptimeMillis();
            Message prevMsg = null;
            Message msg = mMessages;
            if (msg != null) {
                if (now < msg.when) {
                    // Next message is not ready.  Set a timeout to wake up when it is ready.
                    nextPollTimeoutMillis = (int) Math.min(msg.when - now, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
                } else {
                    // Got a message.
                    mBlocked = false;
                    if (prevMsg != null) {
                        prevMsg.next = msg.next;
                    } else {
                        mMessages = msg.next;
                    }
                    msg.next = null;
                    msg.markInUse();
                    return msg;
                }
            } else {
                // No more messages.
                nextPollTimeoutMillis = -1;
            }
            // Ignore IdleHandler code
            if (pendingIdleHandlerCount <= 0) {
                // No idle handlers to run.  Loop and wait some more.
                mBlocked = true;
                continue;
            }
        }
    }
}

boolean enqueueMessage(Message msg, long when) {
	synchronized (this) {
	    msg.markInUse();
	    msg.when = when;
	    Message p = mMessages;
	    boolean needWake;
	    if (p == null || when == 0 || when < p.when) {
	        // New head, wake up the event queue if blocked.
	        msg.next = p;
	        mMessages = msg;
	        needWake = mBlocked;
	    } else {
	        // Inserted within the middle of the queue.  Usually we don't have to wake
	        // up the event queue unless there is a barrier at the head of the queue
	        // and the message is the earliest asynchronous message in the queue.
	        needWake = mBlocked && p.target == null && msg.isAsynchronous();
	        Message prev;
	        for (;;) {
	            prev = p;
	            p = p.next;
	            if (p == null || when < p.when) {
	                break;
	            }
	            if (needWake && p.isAsynchronous()) {
	                needWake = false;
	            }
	        }
	        msg.next = p; // invariant: p == prev.next
	        prev.next = msg;
	    }	
	    // We can assume mPtr != 0 because mQuitting is false.
	    if (needWake) {
            // 关键方法，用于唤醒队列线程
	        nativeWake(mPtr);
	    }
	}
	return true;
}