java组件commons-fileupload文件上传示例

文件上传在Web应用中非常普遍,要在Java Web环境中实现文件上传功能非常容易,因为网上已经有许多用Java开发的组件用于文件上传,本文以使用最普遍的commons-fileupload组件为例,演示如何为Java Web应用添加文件上传功能。

commons-fileupload组件是Apache的一个开源项目之一,可以从http://commons.apache.org/fileupload/下载。该组件简单易用,可实现一次上传一个或多个文件,并可限制文件大小。

下载后解压zip包,将commons-fileupload-1.x.jar复制到tomcat的webapps/你的webapp/WEB-INF/lib/下,如果目录不存在请自建目录。

新建一个UploadServlet.java用于文件上传:

package com.liaoxuefeng.web;

public class FileUploadServlet extends HttpServlet {

private String uploadDir = "C:\\temp";

@Override

protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)

throws ServletException, IOException

{

// TODO:

}

}

当servlet收到浏览器发出的Post请求后,在doPost()方法中实现文件上传,我们需要遍历FileItemIterator,获得每一个FileItemStream:

@Override

protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)

throws ServletException, IOException

{

try {

ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload();

// set max file size to 1 MB:

upload.setFileSizeMax(1024 * 1024);

FileItemIterator it = upload.getItemIterator(req);

// handle with each file:

while (it.hasNext()) {

FileItemStream item = it.next();

if (! item.isFormField()) {

// it is a file upload:

handleFileItem(item);

}

}

req.getRequestDispatcher("success.jsp").forward(req, resp);

}

catch(FileUploadException e) {

throw new ServletException("Cannot upload file.", e);

}

}

在handleFileItem()方法中读取上传文件的输入流,然后写入到uploadDir中,文件名通过UUID随机生成:

void handleFileItem(FileItemStream item) throws IOException {

System.out.println("upload file: " + item.getName());

File newUploadFile = new File(uploadDir + "/" + UUID.randomUUID().toString());

byte[] buffer = new byte[4096];

InputStream input = null;

OutputStream output = null;

try {

input = item.openStream();

output = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(newUploadFile));

for (;;) {

int n = input.read(buffer);

if (n==(-1))

break;

output.write(buffer, 0, n);

}

}

finally {

if (input!=null) {

try {

input.close();

}

catch (IOException e) {}

}

if (output!=null) {

try {

output.close();

}

catch (IOException e) {}

}

}

}

如果要在web.xml配置文件中读取指定的上传文件夹,可以在init()方法中初始化:

@Override

public void init(ServletConfig config) throws ServletException {

super.init(config);

this.uploaddir = config.getInitParameter("dir");

}

最后在web.xml中配置Servlet:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE web-app

PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"

"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd">

<web-app>

<servlet>

<servlet-name>UploadServlet</servlet-name>

<servlet-class>com.liaoxuefeng.web.FileUploadServlet</servlet-class>

</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>UploadServlet</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>/upload</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

配置好Servlet后,启动Tomcat或Resin,写一个简单的index.htm测试:

<html>

<body>

<p>FileUploadServlet Demo</p>

<form name="form1" action="upload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">

<input type="file" name="file" />

<input type="submit" name="button" value="Submit" />

</form>

</body>

</html>

注意action="upload"指定了处理上传文件的FileUploadServlet的映射URL。

当上传成功后,显示success.jsp,否则,抛出异常。如果上传的文件大小超过了我们设定的1MB,就会得到一个FileSizeLimitExceededException。

以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持。

以上是 java组件commons-fileupload文件上传示例 的全部内容, 来源链接: utcz.com/p/210285.html

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