利用Java的Struts框架实现电子邮件发送功能

本章将教你如何使用Struts2 的应用程序发送电子邮件。对于此练习中,需要下载并安装将mail.jar 从 JavaMail API1.4.4,并将 mail.jar文件放置在WEB-INFlib文件夹,然后继续遵循的标准步骤创建动作,视图和配置文件。

创建动作:

下一步是创建一个Action方法,发送电子邮件。让我们创建一个新类称为 Emailer.java 以下内容。

package com.yiibai.struts2;

import java.util.Properties;

import javax.mail.Message;

import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;

import javax.mail.Session;

import javax.mail.Transport;

import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;

import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

public class Emailer extends ActionSupport {

private String from;

private String password;

private String to;

private String subject;

private String body;

static Properties properties = new Properties();

static

{

properties.put("mail.smtp.host", "smtp.gmail.com");

properties.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.port", "465");

properties.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.class",

"javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory");

properties.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");

properties.put("mail.smtp.port", "465");

}

public String execute()

{

String ret = SUCCESS;

try

{

Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties,

new javax.mail.Authenticator() {

protected PasswordAuthentication

getPasswordAuthentication() {

return new

PasswordAuthentication(from, password);

}});

Message message = new MimeMessage(session);

message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));

message.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO,

InternetAddress.parse(to));

message.setSubject(subject);

message.setText(body);

Transport.send(message);

}

catch(Exception e)

{

ret = ERROR;

e.printStackTrace();

}

return ret;

}

public String getFrom() {

return from;

}

public void setFrom(String from) {

this.from = from;

}

public String getPassword() {

return password;

}

public void setPassword(String password) {

this.password = password;

}

public String getTo() {

return to;

}

public void setTo(String to) {

this.to = to;

}

public String getSubject() {

return subject;

}

public void setSubject(String subject) {

this.subject = subject;

}

public String getBody() {

return body;

}

public void setBody(String body) {

this.body = body;

}

public static Properties getProperties() {

return properties;

}

public static void setProperties(Properties properties) {

Emailer.properties = properties;

}

}

可以看到在上面的源代码中,Emailer.java有对应的形式在下面给出的email.jsp页的属性的属性。这些属性

  • from - 发件人的电子邮件地址。由于我们使用的是谷歌的SMTP,我们需要一个有效的gtalk ID
  • password - 上述帐户的密码
  • to - 给谁发送电子邮件?
  • Subject - 电子邮件主题
  • body - 实际的电子邮件消息

我们有没有考虑过上述各个属性的任何验证,验证将被添加在下一章。现在让我们看看在execute()方法。 execute()方法使用使用javax邮件库发送一封电子邮件,使用提供的参数。如果邮件被发送,动作返回 SUCCESS,否则它返回ERROR。

创建主页页:

让我们编写主页index.jsp的JSP文件,这将被用来收集电子邮件的相关信息,上面提到的:

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"

pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>

<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"

"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<html>

<head>

<title>Email Form</title>

</head>

<body>

<em>The form below uses Google's SMTP server.

So you need to enter a gmail username and password

</em>

<form action="emailer" method="post">

<label for="from">From</label><br/>

<input type="text" name="from"/><br/>

<label for="password">Password</label><br/>

<input type="password" name="password"/><br/>

<label for="to">To</label><br/>

<input type="text" name="to"/><br/>

<label for="subject">Subject</label><br/>

<input type="text" name="subject"/><br/>

<label for="body">Body</label><br/>

<input type="text" name="body"/><br/>

<input type="submit" value="Send Email"/>

</form>

</body>

</html>

创建视图:

我们将使用JSP文件的success.jsp将被调用的情况下行动返回SUCCESS,但在发生ERROR 的情况下,我们将有另一种视图认为文件是从操作返回。

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"

pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>

<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"

"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<html>

<head>

<title>Email Success</title>

</head>

<body>

Your email to <s:property value="to"/> was sent successfully.

</body>

</html>

下面将是在一个错误的情况下,从动作返回视图文件error.jsp。

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"

pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>

<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"

"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<html>

<head>

<title>Email Error</title>

</head>

<body>

There is a problem sending your email to <s:property value="to"/>.

</body>

</html>

配置文件:

现在,让我们将这一切组合起来使用struts.xml的配置文件如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC

"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"

"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">

<struts>

<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />

<package name="helloworld" extends="struts-default">

<action name="emailer"

class="com.yiibai.struts2.Emailer"

method="execute">

<result name="success">/success.jsp</result>

<result name="error">/error.jsp</result>

</action>

</package>

</struts>

以下是web.xml文件中的内容:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"

xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee

http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"

id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">

<display-name>Struts 2</display-name>

<welcome-file-list>

<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>

</welcome-file-list>

<filter>

<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>

<filter-class>

org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher

</filter-class>

</filter>

<filter-mapping>

<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>

<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>

</filter-mapping>

</web-app>

现在,右键点击项目名称,并单击 Export > WAR File创建一个WAR文件。然后部署此WAR在Tomcat的webapps目录下。最后,启动Tomcat服务器和尝试访问URL http://localhost:8080/HelloWorldStruts2/index.jsp。这会给出以下画面:

输入所需信息,并单击“Send Email ”按钮。如果一切顺利,那么应该看到以下页面:

如果是SSH三个框架配合起来使用,这里再给个例子,不过struts和spring的框架外,也需要mail.jar,activation.jar.

1) 首先在applicationContext.xml文件中配置bean

<bean id="mailSender" class="org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl">

<property name="host" value="host"/>

<property name="username" value="username"/>

<property name="password" value="password"/>

</bean>

<bean id="sendMailAction" class="cn.com.action.SendMailAction" singleton="false">

<property name="mailSender"><ref bean="mailSender"/> </property>

</bean>

2)实现发送邮件java类代码

protected JavaMailSenderImpl mailSender;

public class SendMailAction extends ActionSupport{

public void setMailSender(JavaMailSenderImpl mailSender) {

this.mailSender = mailSender;

}

public void sendMail() throws Exception {

1:简单邮件

protected JavaMailSenderImpl mailSender;

public class SendMailAction extends ActionSupport{

public void setMailSender(JavaMailSenderImpl mailSender) {

this.mailSender = mailSender;

}

public void sendMail() throws Exception {

2:HTML邮件的发送

//建立邮件消息,发送简单邮件和html邮件的区别

MimeMessage mailMessage = senderImpl.createMimeMessage();

MimeMessageHelper messageHelper = new MimeMessageHelper(mailMessage);

//设置收件人,寄件人

messageHelper.setTo("sun111@163.com");

messageHelper.setFrom("webadmin@163.com");

messageHelper.setSubject("测试HTML邮件!");

//true 表示启动HTML格式的邮件

messageHelper.setText("<html><head></head><body><h1>hello!!zhangjian</h1></body></html>",true);

//发送邮件

senderImpl.send(mailMessage);

3:本类测试邮件中嵌套图片

//建立邮件消息,发送简单邮件和html邮件的区别

MimeMessage mailMessage = senderImpl.createMimeMessage();

//注意这里的boolean,等于真的时候才能嵌套图片,在构建MimeMessageHelper时候,所给定的值是true表示启用,

multipart模式

MimeMessageHelper messageHelper = new MimeMessageHelper(mailMessage,true);

//设置收件人,寄件人

messageHelper.setTo("sun111@163.com");

messageHelper.setFrom("webadmin@163.com");

messageHelper.setSubject("测试邮件中嵌套图片!!");

//true 表示启动HTML格式的邮件

messageHelper.setText("<html><head></head><body><h1>hello!!zhangjian</h1>" +

"<img src="/" mce_src="/""cid:aaa/"/></body></html>",true);

FileSystemResource img = new FileSystemResource(new File("c:/aaa.jpg"));

messageHelper.addInline("aaa",img);

//发送邮件

senderImpl.send(mailMessage);

}

}

以上是 利用Java的Struts框架实现电子邮件发送功能 的全部内容, 来源链接: utcz.com/p/208514.html

回到顶部