java使用xpath解析xml示例分享

  • Z时代
  • 2024-01-10
  • 分类：IT

XPath即为XML路径语言（XML Path Language），它是一种用来确定XML文档中某部分位置的语言。XPath基于XML的树状结构，提供在数据结构树中找寻节点的能力。起初 XPath 的提出的初衷是将其作为一个通用的、介于XPointer与XSL间的语法模型。但是 XPath 很快的被开发者采用来当作小型查询语言。XPathTest.java

代码如下:
package com.hongyuan.test;

import java.io.File;import java.io.IOException;

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;import javax.xml.xpath.XPath;import javax.xml.xpath.XPathConstants;import javax.xml.xpath.XPathExpressionException;import javax.xml.xpath.XPathFactory;

import org.w3c.dom.Document;import org.w3c.dom.Node;import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;import org.xml.sax.SAXException;

public class XPathTest {

 public static void main(String[] args) throws ParserConfigurationException,   SAXException, IOException, XPathExpressionException {

  // 解析文件，生成document对象  DocumentBuilder builder = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance()    .newDocumentBuilder();  Document document = builder.parse(new File("bookstore.xml"));

  // 生成XPath对象  XPath xpath = XPathFactory.newInstance().newXPath();

  // 获取节点值  String webTitle = (String) xpath.evaluate(    "/bookstore/book[@category='WEB']/title/text()", document,    XPathConstants.STRING);  System.out.println(webTitle);

  System.out.println("===========================================================");

  // 获取节点属性值  String webTitleLang = (String) xpath.evaluate(    "/bookstore/book[@category='WEB']/title/@lang", document,    XPathConstants.STRING);  System.out.println(webTitleLang);

  System.out.println("===========================================================");

  // 获取节点对象  Node bookWeb = (Node) xpath.evaluate(    "/bookstore/book[@category='WEB']", document,    XPathConstants.NODE);  System.out.println(bookWeb.getNodeName());

  System.out.println("===========================================================");

  // 获取节点集合  NodeList books = (NodeList) xpath.evaluate("/bookstore/book", document,    XPathConstants.NODESET);  for (int i = 0; i < books.getLength(); i++) {   Node book = books.item(i);   System.out.println(xpath.evaluate("@category", book,     XPathConstants.STRING));  }

  System.out.println("==========================================================="); }

}

bookstore.xml

代码如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?><bookstore> <book category="COOKING">   <title lang="en">Everyday Italian</title>    <author>Giada De Laurentiis</author>    <year>2005</year>    <price>30.00</price>  </book> <book category="CHILDREN">   <title lang="en">Harry Potter</title>    <author>J K. Rowling</author>    <year>2005</year>    <price>29.99</price>  </book> <book category="WEB">   <title lang="en">Learning XML</title>    <author>Erik T. Ray</author>    <year>2003</year>    <price>39.95</price>  </book></bookstore>
运行效果

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