Bash Shell怎么打印各种颜色

• Z时代
• 2024-01-10
• 分类：IT

刚刚在微博上看到这个，一直没弄明白Bash的颜色是怎么一个规则？

怎么控制颜色，打印出有规则的颜色？

回答：

Bash Shell定义文字颜色有三个参数：Style，Frontground和Background，每个参数有7个值，意义如下：

0：黑色 
1：蓝色 
2：绿色 
3：青色 
4：红色 
5：洋红色 
6：黄色 
7：白色

其中，+30表示前景色，+40表示背景色

这里提供一段代码可以打印颜色表：

#/bin/bash
for STYLE in 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7; do
  for FG in 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37; do
    for BG in 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47; do
      CTRL="\033[${STYLE};${FG};${BG}m"
      echo -en "${CTRL}"
      echo -n "${STYLE};${FG};${BG}"
      echo -en "\033[0m"
    done
    echo
  done
  echo
done
# Reset
echo -e "\033[0m"

回答：

补充一个xterm颜色表（来自Wikipedia）

回答：

之前写过一篇博文，可以参考一下：http://www.wuzesheng.com/?p=2177

回答：

wonderful!确实漂亮，以前没用过，不过我想这个可能是你的答案

http://webhome.csc.uvic.ca/~sae/seng2...

回答：

用的是Escape Sequence：

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escape_s...

至于具体怎么打印颜色，可参考

https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/...

http://www.linuxselfhelp.com/howtos/B...

回答：

here: ansi-color

回答：

如果仅仅是打印日志，我之前写过一个日志库，里面有打印颜色的用法：https://github.com/dangoakachan/logdo...

回答：

对echo做过一个简单包装。。。

第一个GitHub上的作业。。。

只支持ascii颜色。。。
cecho，直接把readme拷贝过来了。

cecho

Colorful echo for unix-like shell ( ascii color only )

Overview

A light, self-adapting wrapper of echo, with color flags of foreground, background and action ( highlight, underline, blink ... ) . With it, you can easily colorize your output of command and shell script.

Tested in zsh and bash.

Screenshot

Active

Inactive

Install

Before use cecho, simply source it in your .zshrc, or any shell script wanted to colorize like this:

source /path/to/cecho.sh

Usage

Support multi-string in one command:

cecho -color1 message1 [ -color2 message2 ... ] [ -done ]

Support setting foreground, background and action

cecho -fg_color -bg_color -action message [...] [ -done ]

All flags have two formats, short for convenience, long for readability.

The short formats is easily memorized, which are nearly just the heads the long formats.

Foreground color flag

Background color flag

Action flag

Escaped character

Functional

Example

set fg to red:

cecho -r "hello world ! "

or

cecho -red "hello world ! "

or

cecho -r hello -B world -B !

blank & tab & newline

cecho -r -t hello -B world -n !

set fg to red, bg to yellow, action to highlight and underline:

cecho -r -by -hl "hello world ! "

set [ red, yellow, highlight & underline ] for "hello", [ cyan, red, reverse ] for "world", [ green, black, blink ] for "!" :

cecho -r -by -hl -ul hello -d -B -c -br -re world -d -B -g -bl !

More examples in help file triggered with this command

cecho -h

That colorful help page is generated by cecho .

Useful Variables

CECHO_IS_IMPORTED

Once you have sourced cecho, CECHO_IS_IMPORTED=1 will be defined.

That meams you can check this var CECHO_IS_IMPORTED to confirm if in a no_cecho env or not:

Exp: Sence 2

CECHO_IS_INACTIVE

When you use cecho but want it inactive temply, set CECHO_IS_INACTIVE=1 before calling cecho.

Note: color and action can be disable by CECHO_IS_INACTIVE, but we keep return, blank and tab active, as you wish.

Sence

1 - I want my script outputs to file/pipe without color_ctrl chars

Needn't do any change, cecho can self-adapting this: colorful for stdout, non-colorful for file/pipe.

2 - My script maybe runs in both "no-cecho env" and "cecho env"

Unfortunately, you have to write your script like this:

if [ -z "$CECHO_IS_IMPORTED" ]
then
    echo hello world
else
    cecho -r -bg -hl hello -B world
fi

Or shortly:

[ -z "$CECHO_IS_IMPORTED" ] && echo "hello world" || cecho -r -bg -hl hello -B world

3 - My script uses cecho but I want it disabled temply

CECHO_IS_INACTIVE=1
cecho -r -bg -hl hello world    # <-- now cecho is inactive
CECHO_IS_INACTIVE=
cecho -r -bg -hl hello world    # <-- now cecho is active

Advanced

• Action flag -d ( same as -done ) will turn off all settings ( fg, bg and action ), Thus, in single command, you have to set flags again to make it work well once there are other strings after -d.
• Some special characters ( with centain format ) don't work well, such as cecho "!". It's due to echo... use cecho '!' or cecho ! instead.
• It's not necessary use -d at the begin/end of commands, cecho do it automatically.
• Actions can overlaied.

What's more

Another C version project is coprintf.

Thanks

Thanks to https://github.com/jonhiggs/cecho, when I completed cecho script and try uploading it to github I found this -- with same name and almost same functions ... and then, I got the way to build table in README.md from there.

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