【Python】使用ab和wrk对腾讯CLS进行benchmark测试

Z时代
2024-01-10
分类：技术分享

使用ab和wrk对腾讯云日志服务CLS进行压力测试，以此为例对ab和wrk进行说明

ab

ab，全称是apache benchmark，是apache官方推出的工具。该工具是用来测试Apache服务器的性能的。查看安装的apache的服务器能提供的服务能力，每秒可以处理多少次请求。ab 执行时常用的选项如下表：

选项	作用
-c	并发数，一次发送的总请求数，默认是一次发一个请求。
-k	打开keep-alive，在一个HTTP Session中请求多次。默认是关闭的。
-n	请求数，整个benchmark测试过程中需要发送的请求次数。默认是一次，默认情况下得到的性能参数没有代表性。
-t	最大时间，benchmark测试最长时间，默认没有限制。
-u	上传文件，PUT操作时使用，需要设置-T选项
-T	设置上传文件的Content-Type
-p	postfile，指定包含post数据的文件
-r	当接收到socket错误的时候ab不退出

安装

apt-get install apache2-utils

注意事项

观察测试工具ab所在机器，以及被测试的前端机的CPU，内存，网络等都不超过最高限度的75%。

测试中可能出现端口不足导致的测试失败

需要调整内核参数以支持端口重用，在Linux平台下需要在/etc/sysctl.conf文件中添加如下内容

net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30kernel.printk = 7 4 1 7

然后运行sudo sysctl –p生效

使用示例

ab -c 50 -t 60 -n 300000 -k -T 'application/x-protobuf' -p /tmp/post_data.txt -H 'Host: ap-shanghai.cls.myqcloud.com' -H 'Authorization: q-sign-algorithm=sha1&q-ak=AKIDMfonbuXfqpcFicn3YrzwivMelfNwFWcW&q-sign-time=1517472219;1517493819&q-key-time=1517472219;1517493819&q-header-list=content-type;host&q-url-param-list=&q-signature=4a4ed6ddc8ba1dfea73d2bee62def9dce8b0ca3c' http://ap-shanghai.cls.myqcloud.com/log

/tmp/post_data.txt数据为google protocol buffer格式的数据

结果分析

This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1796539 $> Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/ Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, https://www.apache.org/ Benchmarking ap-shanghai.cls.myqcloud.com (be patient) Completed 30000 requests Completed 60000 requests Completed 90000 requests Completed 120000 requests Completed 150000 requests Completed 180000 requests Completed 210000 requests Finished 223877 requests Server Software: openresty Server Hostname: ap-shanghai.cls.myqcloud.com Server Port: 80 Document Path: /log Document Length: 0 bytes Concurrency Level: 50 Time taken for tests: 60.001 seconds Complete requests: 223877 Failed requests: 0 Keep-Alive requests: 223027 Total transferred: 38726471 bytes Total body sent: 108604595 HTML transferred: 0 bytes Requests per second: 3731.24 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request: 13.400 [ms] (mean) Time per request: 0.268 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate: 630.31 [Kbytes/sec] received 1767.63 kb/s sent 2397.94 kb/s total Connection Times (ms) min mean[+/-sd] median max Connect: 0 0 0.5 0 34 Processing: 9 13 3.8 13 164 Waiting: 8 13 3.8 13 164 Total: 9 13 3.8 13 164 Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) 50% 13 66% 14 75% 14 80% 14 90% 15 95% 17 98% 22 99% 26

100% 164 (longest request)

从测试结果，我们可以看到

在50个并发请求的情况下，请求60秒，平均每秒可以处理3731次（也就是说，客户端在这种压力下，看到的QPS为3731）

平均每次请求处理的Latency为13.4ms

由于开启了keep-alive，连接几乎不耗时间

99%的请求都在26ms内完成，最长的请求是164ms

使用腾讯云主机测试结果如下

This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1706008 $> Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/ Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, https://www.apache.org/ Benchmarking ap-shanghai.cls.myqcloud.com (be patient) Completed 30000 requests Completed 60000 requests Completed 90000 requests Completed 120000 requests Completed 150000 requests Completed 180000 requests Completed 210000 requests Completed 240000 requests Completed 270000 requests Completed 300000 requests Finished 300000 requests Server Software: openresty Server Hostname: ap-shanghai.cls.myqcloud.com Server Port: 80 Document Path: /log Document Length: 0 bytes Concurrency Level: 50 Time taken for tests: 40.095 seconds Complete requests: 300000 Failed requests: 0 Keep-Alive requests: 298850 Total transferred: 51894250 bytes Total body sent: 145500000 HTML transferred: 0 bytes Requests per second: 7482.21 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request: 6.683 [ms] (mean) Time per request: 0.134 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate: 1263.94 [Kbytes/sec] received 3543.82 kb/s sent 4807.77 kb/s total Connection Times (ms) min mean[+/-sd] median max Connect: 0 0 0.1 0 6 Processing: 4 7 2.9 6 157 Waiting: 4 7 2.9 6 157 Total: 4 7 2.9 6 157 Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) 50% 6 66% 7 75% 7 80% 8 90% 9 95% 10 98% 14 99% 18

100% 157 (longest request)

从结果我们可以看到，QPS是非腾讯云主机的2倍，为7482

wrk

wrk是一个用来做HTTP benchmark测试的工具。可以产生显著的压力。

安装

apt-get install libssl-dev git clone https://github.com/wg/wrk.git cd wrk make

cp wrk /usr/sbin

使用示例

wrk -c 50 -d 60 -t 5 -s /tmp/wrk_post.lua http://ap-shanghai.cls.myqcloud.com

请求的内容在/tmp/wrk_post.lua中规定，有5个线程，开启的连接有50个，运行60秒

其中/tmp/wrk_post.lua中的内容是

request = function()
mypath = "/tmp/post_data.txt";
local file = io.open(mypath, "r");
assert(file);
local body = file:read("*a");      -- 读取所有内容
file:close();
wrk.body = body
path = "/log"
wrk.headers["Content-Type"] = "application/x-protobuf"
wrk.headers["Host"] = "ap-shanghai.cls.myqcloud.com"
wrk.headers["Authorization"] = "q-sign-algorithm=sha1&q-ak=AKIDMfonbuXfqpcFicn3YrzwivMelfNwFWcW&q-sign-time=1517472219;1517493819&q-key-time=1517472219;1517493819&q-header-list=content-type;host&q-url-param-list=&q-signature=4a4ed6ddc8ba1dfea73d2bee62def9dce8b0ca3c"
return wrk.format("POST", path)end

结果分析

Running 1m test @ http://ap-shanghai.cls.myqcloud.com 5 threads and 50 connections Thread Stats Avg Stdev Max +/- Stdev Latency 15.91ms 25.52ms 880.85ms 98.05% Req/Sec 745.32 105.11 848.00 94.79% 221561 requests in 1.00m, 36.55MB read Requests/sec: 3688.17

Transfer/sec: 623.03KB

从测试结果，我们可以看到

在5个并发请求的情况下，开启50个连接，请求60秒，平均每秒可以处理3688次（也就是说，客户端在这种压力下，看到的QPS为3688）

平均每次请求处理的Latency为15.91ms

使用腾讯云主机测试结果如下

Running 1m test @ http://ap-shanghai.cls.myqcloud.com 5 threads and 50 connections Thread Stats Avg Stdev Max +/- Stdev Latency 6.77ms 3.42ms 90.45ms 94.82% Req/Sec 1.53k 119.04 1.74k 79.27% 457574 requests in 1.00m, 75.48MB read Requests/sec: 7623.03

Transfer/sec: 1.26MB

从结果我们可以看到，QPS是非腾讯云主机的2倍，为7623

总结

以上就是用开源的benchmark工具来从客户端的角度来衡量所能获取的QPS以及Latency。但从客户端看到的性能会受到各种因素的影响，例如请求的方式，本机的资源（CPU，内存，网络），CLS的网络状况，CLS的负载等都会影响客户端看到的性能指标。需要根据实际情况来查看性能瓶颈是来自于CLS还是来自于本机。

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