CentOS7——私有云搭建LNgr环境(WordPress案例)

CentOS7——搭建LNMP环境(WordPress案例)

LNMP组成介绍

LNMP(Linux-Nginx-MySQL-PHP)网站架构是目前国际流行的Web框架,该框架包括:Linux操作系统,Nginx网络服务器,MySQL数据库,PHP编程语言,所有组成产品均是免费开源软件,这四种软件组合到一起,成为一个免费、高效的网站服务系统。

LNMP工作原理

浏览器发送http request请求到服务器(Nginx),服务器响应并处理web请求。如果是静态文本直接返回,否则将脚本(PHP)通过接口传输协议(网关协议)PHP-FCGI(fast-cgi)传输给PHP-FPM(进程管理程序),然后PHP-FPM调用PHP解析器的其中一个进程PHP-CGI来解析php脚本信息。【PHP-FPM在启动时启动了多个PHP-CGI子进程,并发执行。】然后将解析后的脚本返回到PHP-FPM,PHP-FPM再通过fast-cgi的形式将脚本信息传送给Nginx。服务器再通过Http response的形式传送给浏览器。浏览器再进行解析与渲染然后进行呈现。

WordPress介绍

WordPress 介绍 WordPress是一种使用PHP语言开发的博客平台,用户可以在支持PHP和MySQL 数据库的服务器上架设自己的网站。 也可以把WordPress 当作一个内容管理系统(CMS)来使用。 WordPress 是一个免费的开源项目,在GNU通用公共许可证下授权发布。

构建LNMP+WordPress案例

环境配置

关闭防火墙

systemctl stop firewalld

systemctl disable firewalld

临时关闭SELINUX

setenforce 0

永久关闭SELINUX

echo SELINUX=disabled>/etc/selinux/config

echo SELINUXTYPE=targeted>>/etc/selinux/config

安装Nginx

增加 Nginx 官方源

cat << EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo

[nginx-stable]

name=nginx stable repo

baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/\$releasever/\$basearch/

gpgcheck=1

enabled=1

gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key

module_hotfixes=true

[nginx-mainline]

name=nginx mainline repo

baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/centos/\$releasever/\$basearch/

gpgcheck=1

enabled=0

gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key

module_hotfixes=true

EOF

EPEL 源中的 nginx.service 由于 KILL 参数问题,启动后无法停止,不建议使用。

安装Nginx

yum install -y nginx

备份Nginx配置文件

echo y|cp /etc/nginx/nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf.default

修改 nginx.conf

cat << EOF > /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

# For more information on configuration, see:

# * Official English Documentation: http://nginx.org/en/docs/

# * Official Russian Documentation: http://nginx.org/ru/docs/

user nginx;

worker_processes auto;

error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;

pid /var/run/nginx.pid;

worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;

events {

worker_connections 65535;

}

http {

include /etc/nginx/mime.types;

default_type application/octet-stream;

log_format main '\$host \$server_port \$remote_addr - \$remote_user [\$time_local] "\$request" '

'\$status \$request_time \$body_bytes_sent "\$http_referer" '

'"\$http_user_agent" "\$http_x_forwarded_for"';

access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;

sendfile on;

tcp_nopush on;

tcp_nodelay on;

keepalive_timeout 65;

types_hash_max_size 2048;

server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;

server_name_in_redirect off;

client_header_buffer_size 32k;

large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;

client_header_timeout 3m;

client_body_timeout 3m;

client_max_body_size 50m;

client_body_buffer_size 256k;

send_timeout 3m;

gzip on;

gzip_min_length 1k;

gzip_buffers 4 16k;

gzip_http_version 1.0;

gzip_comp_level 2;

gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;

gzip_vary on;

proxy_redirect off;

proxy_set_header Host \$host;

proxy_set_header X-Real-IP \$remote_addr;

proxy_set_header REMOTE-HOST \$remote_addr;

proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For \$proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

proxy_connect_timeout 60;

proxy_send_timeout 60;

proxy_read_timeout 60;

proxy_buffer_size 256k;

proxy_buffers 4 256k;

proxy_busy_buffers_size 256k;

proxy_temp_file_write_size 256k;

proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_503 http_404;

proxy_max_temp_file_size 128m;

#让代理服务端不要主动关闭客户端的连接,协助处理499返回代码问题

proxy_ignore_client_abort on;

fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;

fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;

fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;

index index.html index.htm index.php default.html default.htm default.php;

# Load modular configuration files from the /etc/nginx/conf.d directory.

# See http://nginx.org/en/docs/ngx_core_module.html#include

# for more information.

include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;

}

EOF

增加默认Host

mkdir /etc/nginx/conf.d

cat << EOF > /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf

server {

listen 80 default_server;

listen [::]:80 default_server;

server_name _;

root /usr/share/nginx/html;

# Load configuration files for the default server block.

include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;

location / {

}

error_page 404 /404.html;

location = /40x.html {

}

error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;

location = /50x.html {

}

}

EOF

启动Nginx

systemctl start nginx

增加开机启动

systemctl enable nginx

查看Nginx状态

# systemctl status nginx

● nginx.service - nginx - high performance web server

Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)

Active: active (running) since Mon 2020-05-25 05:50:22 EDT; 7s ago

Docs: http://nginx.org/en/docs/

CGroup: /system.slice/nginx.service

├─1853 nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

└─1854 nginx: worker process

May 25 05:50:22 mysql1 systemd[1]: Starting nginx - high performance web server...

May 25 05:50:22 mysql1 systemd[1]: Can't open PID file /var/run/nginx.pid (yet?) after start: No such file or directory

May 25 05:50:22 mysql1 systemd[1]: Started nginx - high performance web server.

# ss -antpl|grep nginx

LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:* users:(("nginx",pid=1854,fd=6),("nginx",pid=1853,fd=6))

LISTEN 0 128 [::]:80 [::]:* users:(("nginx",pid=1854,fd=7),("nginx",pid=1853,fd=7))

安装 MySQL

安装 MySQL

yum install -y mariadb-server

备份 my.cnf

cp /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.default

修改 my.cnf

cat << EOF > /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]

datadir=/var/lib/mysql

socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks

symbolic-links=0

# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.

# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,

# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the

# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd

max_allowed_packet=20M

max_heap_table_size = 100M

read_buffer_size = 2M

read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M

sort_buffer_size = 8M

join_buffer_size = 8M

tmp_table_size = 100M

# 查询缓存

#query_cache_limit=4M

#query_cache_type=on

#query_cache_size=2G

bind-address = 127.0.0.1

# 跳过主机名解析,比如localhost,foo.com之类,加速访问

skip-name-resolve

# SQL执行日志

general_log=off

general_log_file=/var/log/mariadb/general.log

# SQL慢查询日志

slow_query_log=off

slow_query_log_file=/var/log/mariadb/slowquery.log

long_query_time = 5

max_connections = 1000

# 兼容老MySQL代码,比如使用空字符串代替NULL插入数据

sql_mode = ""

[mysqld_safe]

log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log

pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid

#

# include all files from the config directory

#

!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d

EOF

配置 mysqldump 命令参数

sed -i '16 aquick\nquote-names\nmax_allowed_packet = 100M' /etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-clients.cnf

创建日志文件

touch /var/log/mariadb/general.log /var/log/mariadb/slowquery.log

chown mysql:mysql /var/log/mariadb/general.log /var/log/mariadb/slowquery.log

增加开机启动

systemctl enable mariadb

启动 MySQL 服务

systemctl start mariadb

修改root密码

mysqladmin -uroot password "000000"

查看 MySQL 服务状态

# systemctl status mariadb

● mariadb.service - MariaDB database server

Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)

Active: active (running) since Fri 2019-11-29 14:18:12 CST; 1h 7min ago

Process: 16688 ExecStartPost=/usr/libexec/mariadb-wait-ready $MAINPID (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

Process: 16653 ExecStartPre=/usr/libexec/mariadb-prepare-db-dir %n (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

Main PID: 16687 (mysqld_safe)

CGroup: /system.slice/mariadb.service

├─16687 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --basedir=/usr

└─17043 /usr/libexec/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin --log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.lo...

Nov 29 14:18:10 iZ6weebcmroarpx8rrxscrZ systemd[1]: Starting MariaDB database server...

Nov 29 14:18:10 iZ6weebcmroarpx8rrxscrZ mariadb-prepare-db-dir[16653]: Database MariaDB is probably initialized in /var/lib/mysql already, nothing is done.

Nov 29 14:18:11 iZ6weebcmroarpx8rrxscrZ mysqld_safe[16687]: 191129 14:18:11 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log'.

Nov 29 14:18:11 iZ6weebcmroarpx8rrxscrZ mysqld_safe[16687]: 191129 14:18:11 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql

Nov 29 14:18:12 iZ6weebcmroarpx8rrxscrZ systemd[1]: Started MariaDB database server.

# ss -antpl|grep mysql

LISTEN 0 50 127.0.0.1:3306 *:* users:(("mysqld",pid=17043,fd=14))

安装 PHP7

增加SCL源

yum install -y centos-release-scl

安装PHP7.2

yum install -y rh-php72 \

rh-php72-php \

rh-php72-php-bcmath \

rh-php72-php-fpm \

rh-php72-php-gd \

rh-php72-php-intl \

rh-php72-php-mbstring \

rh-php72-php-mysqlnd \

rh-php72-php-opcache \

rh-php72-php-pdo \

rh-php72-php-pecl-apcu \

rh-php72-php-xmlrpc \

rh-php72-php-devel

进入 rh-php72 环境

scl enable rh-php72 bash

确认PHP状态

# php -v

PHP 7.2.24 (cli) (built: Nov 4 2019 10:23:08) ( NTS )

Copyright (c) 1997-2018 The PHP Group

Zend Engine v3.2.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2018 Zend Technologies

with Zend OPcache v7.2.24, Copyright (c) 1999-2018, by Zend Technologies

备份php.ini

cp /etc/opt/rh/rh-php72/php.ini /etc/opt/rh/rh-php72/php.ini.default

修改php.ini

# 启用 '<? ... ?>' 代码风格

sed -i '197s/short_open_tag = Off/short_open_tag = On/' /etc/opt/rh/rh-php72/php.ini

# 禁止一些危险性高的函数

sed -i '314s/disable_functions =/disable_functions = system,exec,shell_exec,passthru,set_time_limit,ini_alter,dl,openlog,syslog,readlink,symlink,link,leak,popen,escapeshellcmd,virtual,socket_create,mail,eval/' /etc/opt/rh/rh-php72/php.ini

# 配置中国时区

sed -i '902s#;date.timezone =#date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai#' /etc/opt/rh/rh-php72/php.ini

增加开机启动

systemctl enable rh-php72-php-fpm

启动 PHP-FPM 服务

systemctl start rh-php72-php-fpm

查看 PHP-FPM 服务状态

# systemctl status rh-php72-php-fpm

● rh-php72-php-fpm.service - The PHP FastCGI Process Manager

Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/rh-php72-php-fpm.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)

Active: active (running) since Fri 2019-11-29 13:36:03 CST; 1h 56min ago

Main PID: 15360 (php-fpm)

Status: "Processes active: 0, idle: 6, Requests: 56, slow: 0, Traffic: 0req/sec"

CGroup: /system.slice/rh-php72-php-fpm.service

├─15360 php-fpm: master process (/etc/opt/rh/rh-php72/php-fpm.conf)

├─15361 php-fpm: pool www

├─15362 php-fpm: pool www

├─15363 php-fpm: pool www

├─15364 php-fpm: pool www

├─15365 php-fpm: pool www

└─17211 php-fpm: pool www

Nov 29 13:36:03 iZ6weebcmroarpx8rrxscrZ systemd[1]: Starting The PHP FastCGI Process Manager...

Nov 29 13:36:03 iZ6weebcmroarpx8rrxscrZ systemd[1]: Started The PHP FastCGI Process Manager.

# ss -antpl|grep php-fpm

LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1:9000 *:* users:(("php-fpm",pid=17211,fd=9),("php-fpm",pid=15365,fd=9),("php-fpm",pid=15364,fd=9),("php-fpm",pid=15363,fd=9),("php-fpm",pid=15362,fd=9),("php-fpm",pid=15361,fd=9),("php-fpm",pid=15360,fd=7))

LNMP 环境测试

增加数据库

mysql -uroot -p000000 -e 'create database wordpress;grant all privileges on wordpress.* to wordpress@"localhost" identified by "wordpress_password";flush privileges;'

增加Nginx Host设置

cat << EOF > /etc/nginx/conf.d/wordpress.conf

server{

listen 8080;

server_name wordpress.com;

root /data/web/wordpress.com;

error_log /var/log/nginx/wordpress.com_error.log;

access_log /var/log/nginx/wordpress.com_access.log main;

location / {

try_files \$uri /index.php$is_args\$query_string;

}

location ~ \.php$ {

root /data/web/wordpress.com;

fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;

fastcgi_index index.php;

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME \$document_root\$fastcgi_script_name;

include fastcgi_params;

}

}

EOF

# 重载Nginx配置

nginx -t && nginx -s reload

准备 Wordpress

mkdir -p /data/web/wordpress.com

# 使用 -O 参数指定保存文件名,会强制覆盖已经存在的文件

yum -y install wget

wget https://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz -O wordpress.tar.gz

tar xf wordpress.tar.gz

mv wordpress/* /data/web/wordpress.com

rm -rf wordpress

chown -R apache:nginx /data/web/wordpress.com

chmod -R 755 /data/web/wordpress.com

最后,访问http://服务器地址:8080 进入博客安装界面

如果无法访问网站地址:

1.请确保服务器的防火墙和SELINUX为关闭状态,详细操作请看基础环境配置的关闭防火墙与SELINUX操作。

2.测试主机与服务器的通信状态是否正常

1.选择语言模式为中文

CentOS7——私有云搭建LNgr环境(WordPress案例)

2.填写数据库信息

CentOS7——私有云搭建LNgr环境(WordPress案例)

3.填写网站信息

CentOS7——私有云搭建LNgr环境(WordPress案例)

4.访问http://服务器地址:8080 就可以看到博客已经搭起来了

CentOS7——私有云搭建LNgr环境(WordPress案例)

  • wordpress数据库相关信息:
  • 数据库服务器:localhost
  • 数据库端口:3306
  • 数据库名称:wordpress
  • 数据库用户名:wordpress
  • 数据库密码:wordpress_password

写在最后

如果文档对你有帮助的话,请点击一下 推荐按钮 ,你的点击是我的最大动力。

我是键盘侠,现实中我唯唯诺诺,网络上我重拳出击,关注我,持续更新Linux干货教程。

以上是 CentOS7——私有云搭建LNgr环境(WordPress案例) 的全部内容, 来源链接: utcz.com/a/62415.html

回到顶部