Java代码中如何使用xml文件？

运行时提示未找到文件，是我的路径写错了吗？

相关代码

package com.example.demo;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
@SpringBootApplication
public class DemoApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
        ApplicationContext context =
                new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("b.xml");
        User user = (User) context.getBean("user");
        System.out.println(user);
        user.add();
    }
}

图片描述

你期待的结果是什么？实际看到的错误信息又是什么？

D:\Java\jdk1.8.0_191\bin\java.exe -XX:TieredStopAtLevel=1 -noverify -Dspring.output.ansi.enabled=always -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.port=10690 -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.authenticate=false -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.ssl=false -Djava.rmi.server.hostname=localhost -Dspring.liveBeansView.mbeanDomain -Dspring.application.admin.enabled=true "-javaagent:D:\IntelliJ IDEA 2018.2\lib\idea_rt.jar=10691:D:\IntelliJ IDEA 2018.2\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath D:\Java\jdk1.8.0_191\jre\lib\charsets.jar;D:\Java\jdk1.8.0_191\jre\lib\deploy.jar;D:\Java\jdk1.8.0_191\jre\lib\ext\access-bridge-64.jar;D:\Java\jdk1.8.0_191\jre\lib\ext\cldrdata.jar;D:\Java\jdk1.8.0_191\jre\lib\ext\dnsns.jar;D:\Java\jdk1.8.0_191\jre\lib\ext\jaccess.jar;D:\Java\jdk1.8.0_191\jre\lib\ext\jfxrt.jar;D:\Java\jdk1.8.0_191\jre\lib\ext\localedata.jar;D:\Java\jdk1.8.0_191\jre\lib\ext\nashorn.jar;D:\Java\jdk1.8.0_191\jre\lib\ext\sunec.jar;D:\Java\jdk1.8.0_191\jre\lib\ext\sunjce_provider.jar;D:\Java\jdk1.8.0_191\jre\lib\ext\sunmscapi.jar;D:\Java\jdk1.8.0_191\jre\lib\ext\sunpkcs11.jar;D:\Java\jdk1.8.0_191\jre\lib\ext\zipfs.jar;D:\Java\jdk1.8.0_191\jre\lib\javaws.jar;D:\Java\jdk1.8.0_191\jre\lib\jce.jar;D:\Java\jdk1.8.0_191\jre\lib\jfr.jar;D:\Java\jdk1.8.0_191\jre\lib\jfxswt.jar;D:\Java\jdk1.8.0_191\jre\lib\jsse.jar;D:\Java\jdk1.8.0_191\jre\lib\management-agent.jar;D:\Java\jdk1.8.0_191\jre\lib\plugin.jar;D:\Java\jdk1.8.0_191\jre\lib\resources.jar;D:\Java\jdk1.8.0_191\jre\lib\rt.jar;G:\demo\target\classes;C:\Users\zch\.m2\repository\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot-starter\2.1.2.RELEASE\spring-boot-starter-2.1.2.RELEASE.jar;C:\Users\zch\.m2\repository\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot\2.1.2.RELEASE\spring-boot-2.1.2.RELEASE.jar;C:\Users\zch\.m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-context\5.1.4.RELEASE\spring-context-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar;C:\Users\zch\.m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-aop\5.1.4.RELEASE\spring-aop-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar;C:\Users\zch\.m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-beans\5.1.4.RELEASE\spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar;C:\Users\zch\.m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-expression\5.1.4.RELEASE\spring-expression-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar;C:\Users\zch\.m2\repository\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot-autoconfigure\2.1.2.RELEASE\spring-boot-autoconfigure-2.1.2.RELEASE.jar;C:\Users\zch\.m2\repository\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot-starter-logging\2.1.2.RELEASE\spring-boot-starter-logging-2.1.2.RELEASE.jar;C:\Users\zch\.m2\repository\ch\qos\logback\logback-classic\1.2.3\logback-classic-1.2.3.jar;C:\Users\zch\.m2\repository\ch\qos\logback\logback-core\1.2.3\logback-core-1.2.3.jar;C:\Users\zch\.m2\repository\org\apache\logging\log4j\log4j-to-slf4j\2.11.1\log4j-to-slf4j-2.11.1.jar;C:\Users\zch\.m2\repository\org\apache\logging\log4j\log4j-api\2.11.1\log4j-api-2.11.1.jar;C:\Users\zch\.m2\repository\org\slf4j\jul-to-slf4j\1.7.25\jul-to-slf4j-1.7.25.jar;C:\Users\zch\.m2\repository\javax\annotation\javax.annotation-api\1.3.2\javax.annotation-api-1.3.2.jar;C:\Users\zch\.m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-core\5.1.4.RELEASE\spring-core-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar;C:\Users\zch\.m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-jcl\5.1.4.RELEASE\spring-jcl-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar;C:\Users\zch\.m2\repository\org\yaml\snakeyaml\1.23\snakeyaml-1.23.jar;C:\Users\zch\.m2\repository\org\slf4j\slf4j-api\1.7.25\slf4j-api-1.7.25.jar;C:\Users\zch\.m2\repository\org\junit\jupiter\junit-jupiter-api\5.4.0\junit-jupiter-api-5.4.0.jar;C:\Users\zch\.m2\repository\org\apiguardian\apiguardian-api\1.0.0\apiguardian-api-1.0.0.jar;C:\Users\zch\.m2\repository\org\opentest4j\opentest4j\1.1.1\opentest4j-1.1.1.jar;C:\Users\zch\.m2\repository\org\junit\platform\junit-platform-commons\1.3.2\junit-platform-commons-1.3.2.jar com.example.demo.DemoApplication
  .   ____          _            __ _ _
 /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
 \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
  '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
 :: Spring Boot ::        (v2.1.2.RELEASE)
2019-02-13 18:24:38.709  INFO 4720 --- [           main] com.example.demo.DemoApplication         : Starting DemoApplication on LAPTOP-KF5MBAI0 with PID 4720 (G:\demo\target\classes started by zch in G:\demo)
2019-02-13 18:24:38.712  INFO 4720 --- [           main] com.example.demo.DemoApplication         : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default
2019-02-13 18:24:39.202  INFO 4720 --- [           main] com.example.demo.DemoApplication         : Started DemoApplication in 0.779 seconds (JVM running for 1.672)
Exception in thread "main" org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: IOException parsing XML document from class path resource [b.xml]; nested exception is java.io.FileNotFoundException: class path resource [b.xml] cannot be opened because it does not exist
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:344)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:304)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:188)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:224)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:195)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:257)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractXmlApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractXmlApplicationContext.java:128)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractXmlApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractXmlApplicationContext.java:94)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.refreshBeanFactory(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.java:133)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.obtainFreshBeanFactory(AbstractApplicationContext.java:622)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:518)
    at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.<init>(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:144)
    at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.<init>(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:85)
    at com.example.demo.DemoApplication.main(DemoApplication.java:13)
Caused by: java.io.FileNotFoundException: class path resource [b.xml] cannot be opened because it does not exist
    at org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource.getInputStream(ClassPathResource.java:180)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:330)
    ... 13 more
Process finished with exit code 1

回答：

maven工程的资源文件是放在main/resource 目录下的(如果运行的是test代码,就是放在test/resource下的),所以题主把文件放在main/resource(您运行的是main方法所以使用这个目录)就可以读到了

clipboard.png

就是这个目录

题主使用的是idea 可能还需要配置一下,选择resource目录右键点击这个就可以了

clipboard.png

本质上是maven之后会打包将resource目录下的文件都放在打包后项目的根目录下,题主如果有兴趣可以开一下打包后的目录

回答：

b.xml 放在 src/main/resources下面

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