不知道你们有没有充钱看小说，方正我没钱，所以我就把它爬下来了[Python基础]
自从看了师傅爬了顶点全站之后，我也手痒痒的，也想爬一个比较牛逼的小说网看看，于是选了宜搜这个网站，好了，马上开干，这次用的是mogodb数据库，感觉mysql太麻烦了下图是我选择宜搜里面遍历的网站
先看代码框架图
第一个，肯定先提取排行榜里面每个类别的链接啊，然后进入链接进行爬取，先看all_theme文件
```
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import requests
from MogoQueue import MogoQueue
spider_queue = MogoQueue("novel_list","crawl_queue")#实例化封装数据库操作这个类，这个表是存每一页书籍的链接的
theme_queue = MogoQueue("novel_list","theme_queue")#这个表是存每一个主题页面的链接的
html = requests.get("http://book.easou.com/w/cat_yanqing.html")
soup = BeautifulSoup(html.text,"lxml")
all_list = soup.find("div",{"class":"classlist"}).findAll("div",{"class":"tit"})
for list in all_list:
title = list.find("span",{"class":"name"}).get_text()
book_number = list.find("span",{"class":"count"}).get_text()
theme_link = list.find("a")["href"]
theme_links="http://book.easou.com/"+theme_link#每个书籍类目的数量
#print(title,book_number,theme_links)找到每个分类的标题和每个类目的链接，然后再下面的links提取出来
theme_queue.push_theme(theme_links,title,book_number)
links=["http://book.easou.com//w/cat_yanqing.html",
"http://book.easou.com//w/cat_xuanhuan.html",
"http://book.easou.com//w/cat_dushi.html",
"http://book.easou.com//w/cat_qingxiaoshuo.html",
"http://book.easou.com//w/cat_xiaoyuan.html",
"http://book.easou.com//w/cat_lishi.html",
"http://book.easou.com//w/cat_wuxia.html",
"http://book.easou.com//w/cat_junshi.html",
"http://book.easou.com//w/cat_juqing.html",
"http://book.easou.com//w/cat_wangyou.html",
"http://book.easou.com//w/cat_kehuan.html",
"http://book.easou.com//w/cat_lingyi.html",
"http://book.easou.com//w/cat_zhentan.html",
"http://book.easou.com//w/cat_jishi.html",
"http://book.easou.com//w/cat_mingzhu.html",
"http://book.easou.com//w/cat_qita.html",
]
def make_links(number,url):#这里要解释一下，因为每个类目的书页不同，而且最末页是动态数据，源代码没有
#这里采取了手打上最后一页的方法，毕竟感觉抓包花的时间更多
for i in range(int(number)+1):
link=url+"?attb=&s=&tpg=500&tp={}".format(str(i))
spider_queue.push_queue(link)#这里将每一页的书籍链接插进数据库
#print(link)
make_links(500,"http://book.easou.com//w/cat_yanqing.html")
make_links(500,"http://book.easou.com//w/cat_xuanhuan.html")
make_links(500,"http://book.easou.com//w/cat_dushi.html")
make_links(5,"http://book.easou.com//w/cat_qingxiaoshuo.html")
make_links(500,"http://book.easou.com//w/cat_xiaoyuan.html")
make_links(500,"http://book.easou.com//w/cat_lishi.html")
make_links(500,"http://book.easou.com//w/cat_wuxia.html")
make_links(162,"http://book.easou.com//w/cat_junshi.html")
make_links(17,"http://book.easou.com//w/cat_juqing.html")
make_links(500,"http://book.easou.com//w/cat_wangyou.html")
make_links(474,"http://book.easou.com//w/cat_kehuan.html")
make_links(427,"http://book.easou.com//w/cat_lingyi.html")
make_links(84,"http://book.easou.com//w/cat_zhentan.html")
make_links(9,"http://book.easou.com//w/cat_jishi.html")
make_links(93,"http://book.easou.com//w/cat_mingzhu.html")
make_links(500,"http://book.easou.com//w/cat_qita.html")
```
看看运行结果，这是书籍类目的
这是构造出的每一个类目里面所有的页数链接，也是我们爬虫的入口，一共5000多页
接下来是封装的数据库操作，因为用到了多进程以及多线程每个进程，他们需要知道那些URL爬取过了、哪些URL需要爬取！我们来给每个URL设置两种状态：
outstanding:等待爬取的URL
complete:爬取完成的URL
processing:正在进行的URL。
嗯！当一个所有初始的URL状态都为outstanding；当开始爬取的时候状态改为：processing；爬取完成状态改为：complete；失败的URL重置状态为：outstanding。为了能够处理URL进程被终止的情况、我们设置一个计时参数，当超过这个值时；我们则将状态重置为outstanding。
```
from pymongo import MongoClient,errors
from _datetime import datetime,timedelta
class MogoQueue():
OUTSIANDING = 1
PROCESSING = 2
COMPLETE = 3
def __init__(self,db,collection,timeout=300):
self.client=MongoClient()
self.Clinet=self.client[db]
self.db=self.Clinet[collection]
self.timeout=timeout
def __bool__(self):
record = self.db.find_one(
{"status": {"$ne": self.COMPLETE}}
)
return True if record else False
def push_theme(self,url,title,number):#这个函数用来添加新的URL以及URL主题名字进去队列
try:
self.db.insert({"_id":url,"status":self.OUTSIANDING,"主题":title,"书籍数量":number})
print(title,url,"插入队列成功")
except errors.DuplicateKeyError as e:#插入失败则是已经存在于队列了
print(title,url,"已经存在队列中")
pass
def push_queue(self,url):
try:
self.db.insert({"_id":url,"status":self.OUTSIANDING})
print(url,"插入队列成功")
except errors.DuplicateKeyError as e:#插入失败则是已经存在于队列了
print(url,"已经存在队列中")
pass
def push_book(self,title,author,book_style,book_introduction,book_url):
try:
self.db.insert({"_id":book_url,"书籍名称":title,"书籍作者":author,"书籍类型":book_style,"简介":book_introduction})
print(title, "书籍插入队列成功")
except errors.DuplicateKeyError as e:
print(title, "书籍已经存在队列中")
pass
def select(self):
record = self.db.find_and_modify(
query={"status":self.OUTSIANDING},
update={"$set":{"status": self.PROCESSING, "timestamp":datetime.now() }}
)
if record:
return record["_id"]
else:
self.repair()
raise KeyError
def repair(self):
record = self.db.find_and_modify(
query={
"timestamp":{"$lt":datetime.now()-timedelta(seconds=self.timeout)},
"status":{"$ne":self.COMPLETE}
},
update={"$set":{"status":self.OUTSIANDING}}#超时的要更改状态
)
if record:
print("重置URL",record["_id"])
def complete(self,url):
self.db.update({"_id":url},{"$set":{"status":self.COMPLETE}})
```
接下来是爬虫主程序
```
from ip_pool_request import html_request
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import random
import multiprocessing
import time
import threading
from ip_pool_request2 import download_request
from MogoQueue import MogoQueue
def novel_crawl(max_thread=8):
crawl_queue = MogoQueue("novel_list","crawl_queue")#实例化数据库操作，链接到数据库，这个是爬虫需要的书籍链接表
book_list = MogoQueue("novel_list","book_list")#爬取的内容放进这里
def pageurl_crawler():
while True:
try:
url = crawl_queue.select()#从数据库提取链接，开始抓
print(url)
except KeyError:#触发这个异常，则是链接都被爬完了
print("队列没有数据，你好坏耶")
else:
data=html_request.get(url,3)
soup = BeautifulSoup(data,"lxml")
all_novel = soup.find("div",{"class":"kindContent"}).findAll("li")
for novel in all_novel:#提取所需要的所以信息
text_tag =novel.find("div",{"class":"textShow"})
title = text_tag.find("div",{"class":"name"}).find("a").get_text()
author = text_tag.find("span",{"class":"author"}).find("a").get_text()
book_style = text_tag.find("span",{"class":"kind"}).find("a").get_text()
book_introduction= text_tag.find("div",{"class":"desc"}).get_text().strip().replace("
","")
img_tag = novel.find("div",{"class":"imgShow"}).find("a",{"class":"common"})
book_url = "http://book.easou.com/" + img_tag.attrs["href"]
book_list.push_book(title,author,book_style,book_introduction,book_url)
crawl_queue.complete(url)#完成之后改变链接的状态
#print(title,author,book_style,book_introduction,book_url)
threads=[]
while threads or crawl_queue:
for thread in threads:
if not thread.is_alive():
threads.remove(thread)
while len(threads)< max_thread:
thread = threading.Thread(target=pageurl_crawler())#创建线程
thread.setDaemon(True)#线程保护
thread.start()
threads.append(thread)
time.sleep(5)
def process_crawler():
process=[]
num_cups=multiprocessing.cpu_count()
print("将会启动的进程数为",int(num_cups)-2)
for i in range(int(num_cups)-2):
p=multiprocessing.Process(target=novel_crawl)#创建进程
p.start()
process.append(p)
for p in process:
p.join()
if __name__ == "__main__":
process_crawler()
```
让我们来看看结果吧
里面因为很多都是重复的，所有去重之后只有十几万本，好失望......
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