4Windows程序设计

  • Z时代
  • 2024-01-10
  • 分类：综合

编程

　　4、1 字符输出

            

 

            

 

 

　　　　4-1 程序   

　　　　　　循环输出界面界面

// 4-1_文本输出.cpp : 定义应用程序的入口点。
//
#include "pch.h"
#include "framework.h"
#include "4-1_文本输出.h"
#define MAX_LOADSTRING 100
#define LINEHEIGHT 15 
// 全局变量:
HINSTANCE hInst;                                // 当前实例
WCHAR szTitle[MAX_LOADSTRING];                  // 标题栏文本
WCHAR szWindowClass[MAX_LOADSTRING];            // 主窗口类名
// 此代码模块中包含的函数的前向声明:
ATOM                MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance);
BOOL                InitInstance(HINSTANCE, int);
LRESULT CALLBACK    WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
INT_PTR CALLBACK    About(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
int APIENTRY wWinMain(_In_ HINSTANCE hInstance,
                     _In_opt_ HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
                     _In_ LPWSTR    lpCmdLine,
                     _In_ int       nCmdShow)
{
    UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(hPrevInstance);
    UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(lpCmdLine);
// TODO: 在此处放置代码。
// 初始化全局字符串
    LoadStringW(hInstance, IDS_APP_TITLE, szTitle, MAX_LOADSTRING);
    LoadStringW(hInstance, IDC_MY41, szWindowClass, MAX_LOADSTRING);
    MyRegisterClass(hInstance);
// 执行应用程序初始化:
if (!InitInstance (hInstance, nCmdShow))
    {
return FALSE;
    }
    HACCEL hAccelTable = LoadAccelerators(hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDC_MY41));
    MSG msg;
// 主消息循环:
while (GetMessage(&msg, nullptr, 0, 0))
    {
if (!TranslateAccelerator(msg.hwnd, hAccelTable, &msg))
        {
            TranslateMessage(&msg);
            DispatchMessage(&msg);
        }
    }
return (int) msg.wParam;
}
//
//  函数: MyRegisterClass()
//
//  目标: 注册窗口类。
//
ATOM MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance)
{
    WNDCLASSEXW wcex;
    wcex.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
    wcex.style          = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
    wcex.lpfnWndProc    = WndProc;
    wcex.cbClsExtra     = 0;
    wcex.cbWndExtra     = 0;
    wcex.hInstance      = hInstance;
    wcex.hIcon          = LoadIcon(hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDI_MY41));
    wcex.hCursor        = LoadCursor(nullptr, IDC_ARROW);
    wcex.hbrBackground  = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1);
    wcex.lpszMenuName = NULL; // MAKEINTRESOURCEW(IDC_MY41);
    wcex.lpszClassName  = szWindowClass;
    wcex.hIconSm        = LoadIcon(wcex.hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDI_SMALL));
return RegisterClassExW(&wcex);
}
//
//   函数: InitInstance(HINSTANCE, int)
//
//   目标: 保存实例句柄并创建主窗口
//
//   注释:
//
//        在此函数中，我们在全局变量中保存实例句柄并
//        创建和显示主程序窗口。
//
BOOL InitInstance(HINSTANCE hInstance, int nCmdShow)
{
   hInst = hInstance; // 将实例句柄存储在全局变量中
   HWND hWnd = CreateWindowW(szWindowClass, szTitle, WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
      CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, nullptr, nullptr, hInstance, nullptr);
if (!hWnd)
   {
return FALSE;
   }
   ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow);
   UpdateWindow(hWnd);
return TRUE;
}
//
//  函数: WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM)
//
//  目标: 处理主窗口的消息。
//
//  WM_COMMAND  - 处理应用程序菜单
//  WM_PAINT    - 绘制主窗口
//  WM_DESTROY  - 发送退出消息并返回
//
//
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
switch (message)
    {
case WM_COMMAND:
        {
int wmId = LOWORD(wParam);
// 分析菜单选择:
switch (wmId)
            {
case IDM_ABOUT:
                DialogBox(hInst, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDD_ABOUTBOX), hWnd, About);
break;
case IDM_EXIT:
                DestroyWindow(hWnd);
break;
default:
return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
            }
        }
break;
case WM_PAINT:
        {
            TCHAR szBuffer[1024];
            PAINTSTRUCT ps;
            HDC hdc = BeginPaint(hWnd, &ps);
// TODO: 在此处添加使用 hdc 的任何绘图代码...
for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i)
            {
                _sntprintf(szBuffer, 1024, TEXT("文本输出 %d"), i+1);
                TextOut(hdc, 0, i*LINEHEIGHT, szBuffer, lstrlen(szBuffer));
            }
            EndPaint(hWnd, &ps);
        }
break;
case WM_DESTROY:
        PostQuitMessage(0);
break;
default:
return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
    }
return0;
}
// “关于”框的消息处理程序。
INT_PTR CALLBACK About(HWND hDlg, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
    UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(lParam);
switch (message)
    {
case WM_INITDIALOG:
return (INT_PTR)TRUE;
case WM_COMMAND:
if (LOWORD(wParam) == IDOK || LOWORD(wParam) == IDCANCEL)
        {
            EndDialog(hDlg, LOWORD(wParam));
return (INT_PTR)TRUE;
        }
break;
    }
return (INT_PTR)FALSE;
}

               

 

 

　　4、2 系统字体

               

 

　　　　4-2 程序   

　　　　　　动态计算字体

// 4-2_动态计算字体.cpp : 定义应用程序的入口点。
//
#include "pch.h"
#include "framework.h"
#include "4-2_动态计算字体.h"
#define MAX_LOADSTRING 100
// 全局变量:
HINSTANCE hInst;                                // 当前实例
WCHAR szTitle[MAX_LOADSTRING];                  // 标题栏文本
WCHAR szWindowClass[MAX_LOADSTRING];            // 主窗口类名
// 此代码模块中包含的函数的前向声明:
ATOM                MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance);
BOOL                InitInstance(HINSTANCE, int);
LRESULT CALLBACK    WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
INT_PTR CALLBACK    About(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
int APIENTRY wWinMain(_In_ HINSTANCE hInstance,
                     _In_opt_ HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
                     _In_ LPWSTR    lpCmdLine,
                     _In_ int       nCmdShow)
{
    UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(hPrevInstance);
    UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(lpCmdLine);
// TODO: 在此处放置代码。
// 初始化全局字符串
    LoadStringW(hInstance, IDS_APP_TITLE, szTitle, MAX_LOADSTRING);
    LoadStringW(hInstance, IDC_MY42, szWindowClass, MAX_LOADSTRING);
    MyRegisterClass(hInstance);
// 执行应用程序初始化:
if (!InitInstance (hInstance, nCmdShow))
    {
return FALSE;
    }
    HACCEL hAccelTable = LoadAccelerators(hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDC_MY42));
    MSG msg;
// 主消息循环:
while (GetMessage(&msg, nullptr, 0, 0))
    {
if (!TranslateAccelerator(msg.hwnd, hAccelTable, &msg))
        {
            TranslateMessage(&msg);
            DispatchMessage(&msg);
        }
    }
return (int) msg.wParam;
}
//
//  函数: MyRegisterClass()
//
//  目标: 注册窗口类。
//
ATOM MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance)
{
    WNDCLASSEXW wcex;
    wcex.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
    wcex.style          = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
    wcex.lpfnWndProc    = WndProc;
    wcex.cbClsExtra     = 0;
    wcex.cbWndExtra     = 0;
    wcex.hInstance      = hInstance;
    wcex.hIcon          = LoadIcon(hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDI_MY42));
    wcex.hCursor        = LoadCursor(nullptr, IDC_ARROW);
    wcex.hbrBackground  = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1);
    wcex.lpszMenuName =  NULL;//MAKEINTRESOURCEW(IDC_MY42);
    wcex.lpszClassName  = szWindowClass;
    wcex.hIconSm        = LoadIcon(wcex.hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDI_SMALL));
return RegisterClassExW(&wcex);
}
//
//   函数: InitInstance(HINSTANCE, int)
//
//   目标: 保存实例句柄并创建主窗口
//
//   注释:
//
//        在此函数中，我们在全局变量中保存实例句柄并
//        创建和显示主程序窗口。
//
BOOL InitInstance(HINSTANCE hInstance, int nCmdShow)
{
   hInst = hInstance; // 将实例句柄存储在全局变量中
   HWND hWnd = CreateWindowW(szWindowClass, szTitle, WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
      CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, nullptr, nullptr, hInstance, nullptr);
if (!hWnd)
   {
return FALSE;
   }
   ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow);
   UpdateWindow(hWnd);
return TRUE;
}
//
//  函数: WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM)
//
//  目标: 处理主窗口的消息。
//
//  WM_COMMAND  - 处理应用程序菜单
//  WM_PAINT    - 绘制主窗口
//  WM_DESTROY  - 发送退出消息并返回
//
//
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
switch (message)
    {
staticint cyChar; //字符高度，行高，行间距
staticint cxChar;//字符宽度
staticint cxCaps; //大写字符
staticint cxScreen, cyScreen; //屏幕的宽高
        TCHAR szBuffer[40];
int iLength;
        TEXTMETRIC tm;
        PAINTSTRUCT ps;
        HDC hdc;
case WM_CREATE:
         hdc = GetDC(hWnd);
        GetTextMetrics(hdc, &tm);
//小写字符的宽度
        cxChar = tm.tmAveCharWidth;
//小写字符的高度    +     行间距
        cyChar = tm.tmHeight + tm.tmExternalLeading;  
//大写字符一般设为小写字符的1.5倍  或  等宽的字符就和小写相等
//检查 低位是 1非等宽字体  0 等宽字体
        cxCaps = ((tm.tmPitchAndFamily & 1) ? 3 : 2) * cxChar / 2;
//获取屏幕的宽度
        cxScreen = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXSCREEN);
//获取屏幕的高度
        cyScreen = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYSCREEN);
        ReleaseDC(hWnd, hdc);
break;
case WM_COMMAND:
        {
int wmId = LOWORD(wParam);
// 分析菜单选择:
switch (wmId)
            {
case IDM_ABOUT:
                DialogBox(hInst, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDD_ABOUTBOX), hWnd, About);
break;
case IDM_EXIT:
                DestroyWindow(hWnd);
break;
default:
return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
            }
        }
break;
case WM_PAINT:
        {
            hdc = BeginPaint(hWnd, &ps);
// TODO: 在此处添加使用 hdc 的任何绘图代码...
//显示屏幕宽度
            TextOut(hdc, 0, 0, TEXT("SM_CXSCREEN"), lstrlen(TEXT("SM_CXSCREEN")));
//宽度describe
            TextOut(hdc, 22*cxCaps, 0, TEXT("Screen width in pixels"), lstrlen(TEXT("Screen width in pixels")));
//对齐方式
            SetTextAlign(hdc,TA_RIGHT | TA_TOP);
            iLength = _sntprintf(szBuffer, 40, TEXT("%d"), cxScreen);
            TextOut(hdc, 22 * cxCaps + 40 * cxChar, 0, szBuffer, iLength);
//对齐方式
            SetTextAlign(hdc, TA_LEFT | TA_TOP);
//显示屏幕高度
            TextOut(hdc, 0, cyChar, TEXT("SM_CYSCREEN"), lstrlen(TEXT("SM_CYSCREEN")));
//高度describe
            TextOut(hdc, 22 * cxCaps, cyChar, TEXT("Screen height in pixels"), lstrlen(TEXT("Screen height in pixels")));
//对齐方式
            SetTextAlign(hdc, TA_RIGHT | TA_TOP);
            iLength = _sntprintf(szBuffer, 40, TEXT("%d"), cyScreen);
            TextOut(hdc, 22 * cxCaps + 40 * cxChar, cyChar, szBuffer, iLength);
//对齐方式
            SetTextAlign(hdc, TA_LEFT | TA_TOP);
            EndPaint(hWnd, &ps);
        }
break;
case WM_DESTROY:
        PostQuitMessage(0);
break;
default:
return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
    }
return0;
}
// “关于”框的消息处理程序。
INT_PTR CALLBACK About(HWND hDlg, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
    UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(lParam);
switch (message)
    {
case WM_INITDIALOG:
return (INT_PTR)TRUE;
case WM_COMMAND:
if (LOWORD(wParam) == IDOK || LOWORD(wParam) == IDCANCEL)
        {
            EndDialog(hDlg, LOWORD(wParam));
return (INT_PTR)TRUE;
        }
break;
    }
return (INT_PTR)FALSE;
}

               

 

 　　4、3 滚动条

                

 

　　　　4-3 程序   

　　　　　　滚动条。（下面自动创建的代码中不需要的代码已删）

// 4-3_滚动条.cpp : 定义应用程序的入口点。
//
#include "pch.h"
#include "framework.h"
#include "4-3_滚动条.h"
#define MAX_LOADSTRING 100
#define MAX_LINE 200
// 全局变量:
HINSTANCE hInst;                                // 当前实例
WCHAR szTitle[MAX_LOADSTRING];                  // 标题栏文本
WCHAR szWindowClass[MAX_LOADSTRING];            // 主窗口类名
// 此代码模块中包含的函数的前向声明:
ATOM                MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance);
BOOL                InitInstance(HINSTANCE, int);
LRESULT CALLBACK    WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
int APIENTRY wWinMain(_In_ HINSTANCE hInstance,
                     _In_opt_ HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
                     _In_ LPWSTR    lpCmdLine,
                     _In_ int       nCmdShow)
{
    UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(hPrevInstance);
    UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(lpCmdLine);
// TODO: 在此处放置代码。
// 初始化全局字符串
    LoadStringW(hInstance, IDS_APP_TITLE, szTitle, MAX_LOADSTRING);
    LoadStringW(hInstance, IDC_MY43, szWindowClass, MAX_LOADSTRING);
    MyRegisterClass(hInstance);
// 执行应用程序初始化:
if (!InitInstance (hInstance, nCmdShow))
    {
return FALSE;
    }
    HACCEL hAccelTable = LoadAccelerators(hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDC_MY43));
    MSG msg;
// 主消息循环:
while (GetMessage(&msg, nullptr, 0, 0))
    {
if (!TranslateAccelerator(msg.hwnd, hAccelTable, &msg))
        {
            TranslateMessage(&msg);
            DispatchMessage(&msg);
        }
    }
return (int) msg.wParam;
}
//
//  函数: MyRegisterClass()
//
//  目标: 注册窗口类。
//
ATOM MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance)
{
    WNDCLASSEXW wcex;
    wcex.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
    wcex.style          = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
    wcex.lpfnWndProc    = WndProc;
    wcex.cbClsExtra     = 0;
    wcex.cbWndExtra     = 0;
    wcex.hInstance      = hInstance;
    wcex.hIcon          = LoadIcon(hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDI_MY43));
    wcex.hCursor        = LoadCursor(nullptr, IDC_ARROW);
    wcex.hbrBackground  = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1);
    wcex.lpszMenuName = NULL;// MAKEINTRESOURCEW(IDC_MY43);
    wcex.lpszClassName  = szWindowClass;
    wcex.hIconSm        = LoadIcon(wcex.hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDI_SMALL));
return RegisterClassExW(&wcex);
}
//
//   函数: InitInstance(HINSTANCE, int)
//
//   目标: 保存实例句柄并创建主窗口
//
//   注释:
//
//        在此函数中，我们在全局变量中保存实例句柄并
//        创建和显示主程序窗口。
//
BOOL InitInstance(HINSTANCE hInstance, int nCmdShow)
{
   hInst = hInstance; // 将实例句柄存储在全局变量中
   HWND hWnd = CreateWindowW(szWindowClass, szTitle, WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW | WS_VSCROLL,
      CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, nullptr, nullptr, hInstance, nullptr);
if (!hWnd)
   {
return FALSE;
   }
   ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow);
   UpdateWindow(hWnd);
return TRUE;
}
//
//  函数: WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM)
//
//  目标: 处理主窗口的消息。
//
//  WM_COMMAND  - 处理应用程序菜单
//  WM_PAINT    - 绘制主窗口
//  WM_DESTROY  - 发送退出消息并返回
//
//
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
switch (message)
    {
        PAINTSTRUCT ps;
        HDC hdc;
staticint cyChar;  //字体高度
int x, y;  //文字显示坐标
staticint iVscrollPos; //滚动条位置
staticint cyClient;  //客户区
        TEXTMETRIC tm;
        SCROLLINFO si;   
case WM_SIZE:
        cyClient = HIWORD(lParam); //调整窗口大小，参数中可获取高度
        si.cbSize = sizeof(si);
        si.fMask = SIF_RANGE | SIF_PAGE ;
        si.nMin = 0;
        si.nMax = MAX_LINE - 1;
        si.nPage = cyClient / cyChar;
        SetScrollInfo(hWnd,SB_VERT,&si,TRUE);
break;
case WM_CREATE:
        hdc = GetDC(hWnd);
        GetTextMetrics(hdc,&tm); //文本度量
        cyChar = tm.tmHeight + tm.tmExternalLeading; //文字高度 + 行间距
        ReleaseDC(hWnd,hdc);
        iVscrollPos = 0;   //滚动条的初始值
        SetScrollRange(hWnd,SB_VERT,0,MAX_LINE-1,FALSE); //设置滚动条范围
        SetScrollPos(hWnd,SB_VERT,iVscrollPos,TRUE);  //设置位置
return0;
case WM_PAINT:
        {
           hdc  = BeginPaint(hWnd, &ps);
// TODO: 在此处添加使用 hdc 的任何绘图代码...
            TCHAR szBuffer[1024];  //字符缓冲区
for (int i = 0; i < MAX_LINE; i++)
            {
                x = 0;   //水平垂直坐标
                y =cyChar *(i - iVscrollPos); //垂直绘制坐标
                _snwprintf(szBuffer, 1024, TEXT("滚动条 %d"), i+1);  //格式转化
                TextOut(hdc, x, y, szBuffer, lstrlen(szBuffer)); //文本输出
            }
            EndPaint(hWnd, &ps);
        }
break;
case WM_VSCROLL:
switch (LOWORD(wParam))
        {
case SB_LINEUP:        //按钮上
            iVscrollPos -= 1;
break;
case SB_LINEDOWN:    //按钮下
            iVscrollPos+= 1;
break;
case SB_PAGEDOWN:
            iVscrollPos += cyClient / cyChar; //点击下一页
break;
case SB_PAGEUP:
            iVscrollPos -= cyClient / cyChar;  //点击上一页
break;
case SB_THUMBPOSITION:   //拖动鼠标
            iVscrollPos = HIWORD(wParam); //移动是获取位置
default:
break;
        }
        iVscrollPos = max(0, min(iVscrollPos, MAX_LINE - 1));  //设置范围
if (iVscrollPos != GetScrollPos(hWnd, SB_VERT)) //当前位置和实际位置比较
        {
            SetScrollPos(hWnd, SB_VERT, iVscrollPos, TRUE);  //重新设置位置
            InvalidateRect(hWnd,NULL,TRUE);  //重新绘制窗口
        }
break;
case WM_DESTROY:
        PostQuitMessage(0);
break;
default:
return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
    }
return0;
}

               

 　　5、例子

　　　　

　　　　

 

　　　　 

 

 　　　　用上面你的函数做一个例子。

 

// 4_4_例子Sysmets.cpp : 定义应用程序的入口点。
//
#include "pch.h"
#include "framework.h"
#include "4_4_例子Sysmets.h"
#include "data.h"
#define MAX_LOADSTRING 100
// 全局变量:
HINSTANCE hInst;                                // 当前实例
WCHAR szTitle[MAX_LOADSTRING];                  // 标题栏文本
WCHAR szWindowClass[MAX_LOADSTRING];            // 主窗口类名
// 此代码模块中包含的函数的前向声明:
ATOM                MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance);
BOOL                InitInstance(HINSTANCE, int);
LRESULT CALLBACK    WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
INT_PTR CALLBACK    About(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
int APIENTRY wWinMain(_In_ HINSTANCE hInstance,
                     _In_opt_ HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
                     _In_ LPWSTR    lpCmdLine,
                     _In_ int       nCmdShow)
{
    UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(hPrevInstance);
    UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(lpCmdLine);
// TODO: 在此处放置代码。
// 初始化全局字符串
    LoadStringW(hInstance, IDS_APP_TITLE, szTitle, MAX_LOADSTRING);
    LoadStringW(hInstance, IDC_MY44SYSMETS, szWindowClass, MAX_LOADSTRING);
    MyRegisterClass(hInstance);
// 执行应用程序初始化:
if (!InitInstance (hInstance, nCmdShow))
    {
return FALSE;
    }
    HACCEL hAccelTable = LoadAccelerators(hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDC_MY44SYSMETS));
    MSG msg;
// 主消息循环:
while (GetMessage(&msg, nullptr, 0, 0))
    {
if (!TranslateAccelerator(msg.hwnd, hAccelTable, &msg))
        {
            TranslateMessage(&msg);
            DispatchMessage(&msg);
        }
    }
return (int) msg.wParam;
}
//
//  函数: MyRegisterClass()
//
//  目标: 注册窗口类。
//
ATOM MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance)
{
    WNDCLASSEXW wcex;
    wcex.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
    wcex.style          = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
    wcex.lpfnWndProc    = WndProc;
    wcex.cbClsExtra     = 0;
    wcex.cbWndExtra     = 0;
    wcex.hInstance      = hInstance;
    wcex.hIcon          = LoadIcon(hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDI_MY44SYSMETS));
    wcex.hCursor        = LoadCursor(nullptr, IDC_ARROW);
    wcex.hbrBackground  = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1);
    wcex.lpszMenuName   = NULL;//MAKEINTRESOURCEW(IDC_MY44SYSMETS);
    wcex.lpszClassName  = szWindowClass;
    wcex.hIconSm        = LoadIcon(wcex.hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDI_SMALL));
return RegisterClassExW(&wcex);
}
//
//   函数: InitInstance(HINSTANCE, int)
//
//   目标: 保存实例句柄并创建主窗口
//
//   注释:
//
//        在此函数中，我们在全局变量中保存实例句柄并
//        创建和显示主程序窗口。
//
BOOL InitInstance(HINSTANCE hInstance, int nCmdShow)
{
   hInst = hInstance; // 将实例句柄存储在全局变量中
   HWND hWnd = CreateWindowW(szWindowClass, TEXT("Get System Metrics NO.1"), WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW | WS_VSCROLL,
      CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, nullptr, nullptr, hInstance, nullptr);
if (!hWnd)
   {
return FALSE;
   }
   ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow);
   UpdateWindow(hWnd);
return TRUE;
}
//
//  函数: WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM)
//
//  目标: 处理主窗口的消息。
//
//  WM_COMMAND  - 处理应用程序菜单
//  WM_PAINT    - 绘制主窗口
//  WM_DESTROY  - 发送退出消息并返回
//
//
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
switch (message)
    {
staticint cxChar, cxCaps, cyChar, iVScrollPos,cyClient;
        PAINTSTRUCT ps;
        HDC hdc;
        TCHAR szBuffer[10];
        TEXTMETRIC tm;
        size_t y;
        SCROLLINFO si;
        size_t iVertPos;
        size_t iPaintBeg, iPaintEnd;
case WM_CREATE:
        {
            hdc = GetDC(hWnd);
            GetTextMetrics(hdc,&tm);
            cxChar = tm.tmAveCharWidth;
//变宽的字体是小写字体的1.5倍
            cxCaps = (tm.tmPitchAndFamily & 1 ? 3 : 2) * cxChar / 2;
//字体的高度 + 外部的间距(字体设计的人推荐的加)
            cyChar = tm.tmHeight + tm.tmExternalLeading;
            ReleaseDC(hWnd, hdc);
            iVScrollPos = 0;
//SetScrollRange(hWnd, SB_VERT, 0, NUMLINES - 1, FALSE);
//SetScrollPos(hWnd, SB_VERT, iVScrollPos, TRUE);
return0;
        }
case WM_SIZE:
//客户区的高度
        cyClient = HIWORD(lParam);
        si.cbSize = sizeof(si);
        si.fMask = SIF_RANGE | SIF_PAGE;
//客户区一页有多少行
        si.nPage = cyClient / cyChar;
        si.nMin = 0;
        si.nMax = NUMLINES;
        SetScrollInfo(hWnd, SB_VERT, &si, true);
break;
case WM_COMMAND:
        {
int wmId = LOWORD(wParam);
// 分析菜单选择:
switch (wmId)
            {
case IDM_ABOUT:
                DialogBox(hInst, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDD_ABOUTBOX), hWnd, About);
break;
case IDM_EXIT:
                DestroyWindow(hWnd);
break;
default:
return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
            }
        }
break;
case WM_PAINT:
        {
           hdc = BeginPaint(hWnd, &ps);
// TODO: 在此处添加使用 hdc 的任何绘图代码...
           si.cbSize = sizeof(si);
           si.fMask = SIF_POS;
           GetScrollInfo(hWnd, SB_VERT, &si);
           iVertPos = si.nPos;
//无效区域开始位置
           iPaintBeg = max(0, iVertPos + ps.rcPaint.top/cyChar);
//无效区域结束位置
           iPaintEnd = min(NUMLINES - 1, iVertPos + ps.rcPaint.bottom / cyChar);
for (int i = iPaintBeg; i <= iPaintEnd; ++i)
           {
               y = cyChar * (i - iVertPos);
                TextOut(hdc, 0, y, sysmetrics[i].szLabel, lstrlen(sysmetrics[i].szLabel));
                TextOut(hdc, 22 * cxCaps, y, sysmetrics[i].szDesc, lstrlen(sysmetrics[i].szDesc));
                SetTextAlign(hdc, TA_RIGHT | TA_TOP);
                TextOut(hdc, 22 * cxCaps + 40 * cxChar, y, szBuffer, wsprintf(szBuffer, TEXT("%5d"), GetSystemMetrics(sysmetrics[i].iIndex)));
                SetTextAlign(hdc, TA_LEFT | TA_TOP);
           }
            EndPaint(hWnd, &ps); 
        }
break;
case WM_VSCROLL:
        si.cbSize = sizeof(si);
        si.fMask = SIF_ALL;
        GetScrollInfo(hWnd,SB_VERT,&si);
        iVertPos = si.nPos;
switch (LOWORD(wParam))
        {
case SB_LINEUP:
//iVScrollPos -= 1; 
            si.nPos -= 1;
break;
case SB_LINEDOWN:
//iVScrollPos += 1;
            si.nPos += 1;
break;
case SB_PAGEUP:
//iVScrollPos -= cyClient / cyChar;
            si.nPos -= si.nPage;
break;
case SB_PAGEDOWN:
//iVScrollPos += cyClient / cyChar;
            si.nPos += si.nPage;
break;
//case SB_THUMBPOSITION:
case SB_THUMBTRACK:
//iVScrollPos = HIWORD(wParam);
            si.nPos = si.nTrackPos;
break;
default:
break;
        }
        si.fMask = SIF_POS;
        SetScrollInfo(hWnd, SB_VERT, &si, TRUE);
        GetScrollInfo(hWnd, SB_VERT, &si);
if (si.nPos != iVertPos)
        {
//刷新滚动窗口客户区的内容
            ScrollWindow(hWnd, 0, cyChar*(iVertPos - si.nPos), NULL, NULL);
            UpdateWindow(hWnd);
        }
//iVScrollPos = max(0, min(iVScrollPos, NUMLINES - 1));
//if (iVScrollPos != GetScrollPos(hWnd,SB_VERT))
//{
//    SetScrollPos(hWnd, SB_VERT, iVScrollPos, true);
//    InvalidateRect(hWnd, NULL, TRUE);
//    UpdateWindow(hWnd);
//}
break;
case WM_DESTROY:
        PostQuitMessage(0);
break;
default:
return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
    }
return0;
}
// “关于”框的消息处理程序。
INT_PTR CALLBACK About(HWND hDlg, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
    UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(lParam);
switch (message)
    {
case WM_INITDIALOG:
return (INT_PTR)TRUE;
case WM_COMMAND:
if (LOWORD(wParam) == IDOK || LOWORD(wParam) == IDCANCEL)
        {
            EndDialog(hDlg, LOWORD(wParam));
return (INT_PTR)TRUE;
        }
break;
    }
return (INT_PTR)FALSE;
}

#pragma once
//data.h    头文件内容
#define NUMLINES ((int) (sizeof sysmetrics / sizeof sysmetrics [0]))
struct
{
int     iIndex;
    TCHAR * szLabel;
    TCHAR * szDesc;
}
sysmetrics[] =
{
     SM_CXSCREEN,              TEXT("SM_CXSCREEN"),
                              TEXT("Screen width in pixels"),
     SM_CYSCREEN,             TEXT("SM_CYSCREEN"),
                              TEXT("Screen height in pixels"),
     SM_CXVSCROLL,            TEXT("SM_CXVSCROLL"),
                              TEXT("Vertical scroll width"),
     SM_CYHSCROLL,            TEXT("SM_CYHSCROLL"),
                              TEXT("Horizontal scroll height"),
     SM_CYCAPTION,            TEXT("SM_CYCAPTION"),
                              TEXT("Caption bar height"),
     SM_CXBORDER,             TEXT("SM_CXBORDER"),
                              TEXT("Window border width"),
     SM_CYBORDER,             TEXT("SM_CYBORDER"),
                              TEXT("Window border height"),
     SM_CXFIXEDFRAME,         TEXT("SM_CXFIXEDFRAME"),
                              TEXT("Dialog window frame width"),
     SM_CYFIXEDFRAME,         TEXT("SM_CYFIXEDFRAME"),
                              TEXT("Dialog window frame height"),
     SM_CYVTHUMB,             TEXT("SM_CYVTHUMB"),
                              TEXT("Vertical scroll thumb height"),
     SM_CXHTHUMB,             TEXT("SM_CXHTHUMB"),
                              TEXT("Horizontal scroll thumb width"),
     SM_CXICON,               TEXT("SM_CXICON"),
                              TEXT("Icon width"),
     SM_CYICON,               TEXT("SM_CYICON"),
                              TEXT("Icon height"),
     SM_CXCURSOR,             TEXT("SM_CXCURSOR"),
                              TEXT("Cursor width"),
     SM_CYCURSOR,             TEXT("SM_CYCURSOR"),
                              TEXT("Cursor height"),
     SM_CYMENU,               TEXT("SM_CYMENU"),
                              TEXT("Menu bar height"),
     SM_CXFULLSCREEN,         TEXT("SM_CXFULLSCREEN"),
                              TEXT("Full screen client area width"),
     SM_CYFULLSCREEN,         TEXT("SM_CYFULLSCREEN"),
                              TEXT("Full screen client area height"),
     SM_CYKANJIWINDOW,        TEXT("SM_CYKANJIWINDOW"),
                              TEXT("Kanji window height"),
     SM_MOUSEPRESENT,         TEXT("SM_MOUSEPRESENT"),
                              TEXT("Mouse present flag"),
     SM_CYVSCROLL,            TEXT("SM_CYVSCROLL"),
                              TEXT("Vertical scroll arrow height"),
     SM_CXHSCROLL,            TEXT("SM_CXHSCROLL"),
                              TEXT("Horizontal scroll arrow width"),
     SM_DEBUG,                TEXT("SM_DEBUG"),
                              TEXT("Debug version flag"),
     SM_SWAPBUTTON,           TEXT("SM_SWAPBUTTON"),
                              TEXT("Mouse buttons swapped flag"),
     SM_CXMIN,                TEXT("SM_CXMIN"),
                              TEXT("Minimum window width"),
     SM_CYMIN,                TEXT("SM_CYMIN"),
                              TEXT("Minimum window height"),
     SM_CXSIZE,               TEXT("SM_CXSIZE"),
                              TEXT("Min/Max/Close button width"),
     SM_CYSIZE,               TEXT("SM_CYSIZE"),
                              TEXT("Min/Max/Close button height"),
     SM_CXSIZEFRAME,          TEXT("SM_CXSIZEFRAME"),
                              TEXT("Window sizing frame width"),
     SM_CYSIZEFRAME,          TEXT("SM_CYSIZEFRAME"),
                              TEXT("Window sizing frame height"),
     SM_CXMINTRACK,           TEXT("SM_CXMINTRACK"),
                              TEXT("Minimum window tracking width"),
     SM_CYMINTRACK,           TEXT("SM_CYMINTRACK"),
                              TEXT("Minimum window tracking height"),
     SM_CXDOUBLECLK,          TEXT("SM_CXDOUBLECLK"),
                              TEXT("Double click x tolerance"),
     SM_CYDOUBLECLK,          TEXT("SM_CYDOUBLECLK"),
                              TEXT("Double click y tolerance"),
     SM_CXICONSPACING,        TEXT("SM_CXICONSPACING"),
                              TEXT("Horizontal icon spacing"),
     SM_CYICONSPACING,        TEXT("SM_CYICONSPACING"),
                              TEXT("Vertical icon spacing"),
     SM_MENUDROPALIGNMENT,    TEXT("SM_MENUDROPALIGNMENT"),
                              TEXT("Left or right menu drop"),
     SM_PENWINDOWS,           TEXT("SM_PENWINDOWS"),
                              TEXT("Pen extensions installed"),
     SM_DBCSENABLED,          TEXT("SM_DBCSENABLED"),
                              TEXT("Double-Byte Char Set enabled"),
     SM_CMOUSEBUTTONS,        TEXT("SM_CMOUSEBUTTONS"),
                              TEXT("Number of mouse buttons"),
     SM_SECURE,               TEXT("SM_SECURE"),
                              TEXT("Security present flag"),
     SM_CXEDGE,               TEXT("SM_CXEDGE"),
                              TEXT("3-D border width"),
     SM_CYEDGE,               TEXT("SM_CYEDGE"),
                              TEXT("3-D border height"),
     SM_CXMINSPACING,         TEXT("SM_CXMINSPACING"),
                              TEXT("Minimized window spacing width"),
     SM_CYMINSPACING,         TEXT("SM_CYMINSPACING"),
                              TEXT("Minimized window spacing height"),
     SM_CXSMICON,             TEXT("SM_CXSMICON"),
                              TEXT("Small icon width"),
     SM_CYSMICON,             TEXT("SM_CYSMICON"),
                              TEXT("Small icon height"),
     SM_CYSMCAPTION,          TEXT("SM_CYSMCAPTION"),
                              TEXT("Small caption height"),
     SM_CXSMSIZE,             TEXT("SM_CXSMSIZE"),
                              TEXT("Small caption button width"),
     SM_CYSMSIZE,             TEXT("SM_CYSMSIZE"),
                              TEXT("Small caption button height"),
     SM_CXMENUSIZE,           TEXT("SM_CXMENUSIZE"),
                              TEXT("Menu bar button width"),
     SM_CYMENUSIZE,           TEXT("SM_CYMENUSIZE"),
                              TEXT("Menu bar button height"),
     SM_ARRANGE,              TEXT("SM_ARRANGE"),
                              TEXT("How minimized windows arranged"),
     SM_CXMINIMIZED,          TEXT("SM_CXMINIMIZED"),
                              TEXT("Minimized window width"),
     SM_CYMINIMIZED,          TEXT("SM_CYMINIMIZED"),
                              TEXT("Minimized window height"),
     SM_CXMAXTRACK,           TEXT("SM_CXMAXTRACK"),
                              TEXT("Maximum draggable width"),
     SM_CYMAXTRACK,           TEXT("SM_CYMAXTRACK"),
                              TEXT("Maximum draggable height"),
     SM_CXMAXIMIZED,          TEXT("SM_CXMAXIMIZED"),
                              TEXT("Width of maximized window"),
     SM_CYMAXIMIZED,          TEXT("SM_CYMAXIMIZED"),
                              TEXT("Height of maximized window"),
     SM_NETWORK,              TEXT("SM_NETWORK"),
                              TEXT("Network present flag"),
     SM_CLEANBOOT,            TEXT("SM_CLEANBOOT"),
                              TEXT("How system was booted"),
     SM_CXDRAG,               TEXT("SM_CXDRAG"),
                              TEXT("Avoid drag x tolerance"),
     SM_CYDRAG,               TEXT("SM_CYDRAG"),
                              TEXT("Avoid drag y tolerance"),
     SM_SHOWSOUNDS,           TEXT("SM_SHOWSOUNDS"),
                              TEXT("Present sounds visually"),
     SM_CXMENUCHECK,          TEXT("SM_CXMENUCHECK"),
                              TEXT("Menu check-mark width"),
     SM_CYMENUCHECK,          TEXT("SM_CYMENUCHECK"),
                              TEXT("Menu check-mark height"),
     SM_SLOWMACHINE,          TEXT("SM_SLOWMACHINE"),
                              TEXT("Slow processor flag"),
     SM_MIDEASTENABLED,       TEXT("SM_MIDEASTENABLED"),
                              TEXT("Hebrew and Arabic enabled flag"),
     SM_MOUSEWHEELPRESENT,    TEXT("SM_MOUSEWHEELPRESENT"),
                              TEXT("Mouse wheel present flag"),
     SM_XVIRTUALSCREEN,       TEXT("SM_XVIRTUALSCREEN"),
                              TEXT("Virtual screen x origin"),
     SM_YVIRTUALSCREEN,       TEXT("SM_YVIRTUALSCREEN"),
                              TEXT("Virtual screen y origin"),
     SM_CXVIRTUALSCREEN,      TEXT("SM_CXVIRTUALSCREEN"),
                              TEXT("Virtual screen width"),
     SM_CYVIRTUALSCREEN,      TEXT("SM_CYVIRTUALSCREEN"),
                              TEXT("Virtual screen height"),
     SM_CMONITORS,            TEXT("SM_CMONITORS"),
                              TEXT("Number of monitors"),
     SM_SAMEDISPLAYFORMAT,    TEXT("SM_SAMEDISPLAYFORMAT"),
                              TEXT("Same color format flag")
};

　　 

 

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