SLF4J源码解析

编程

提出问题

阅读源码之前,首先提几个问题

  • SLF4J是如何整合不同的日志框架的
  • Class Path中为什么只能有且仅有一种日志框架的binding

这段文字摘录自官网:In your code, in addition to slf4j-api-1.8.0-beta2.jar, you simply drop one and only one binding of your choice onto the appropriate class path location. Do not place more than one binding on your class path.

源码版本

  • org.slf4j:slf4j-api:1.7.25
  • org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-slf4j-impl:2.11.1
  • ch.qos.logback:logback-classic:1.2.3
  • org.slf4j:slf4j-jcl:1.7.25

源码解析

带着上面的两个问题看下源码

  1. bind()方法中通过调用findPossibleStaticLoggerBinderPathSet()方法来查找日志框架的绑定

// org/slf4j/slf4j-api/1.7.25/slf4j-api-1.7.25.jar!/org/slf4j/LoggerFactory.class

privatestaticfinalvoidbind(){

// ...

if(!isAndroid()){

// 查找日志框架的绑定

staticLoggerBinderPathSet =findPossibleStaticLoggerBinderPathSet();

reportMultipleBindingAmbiguity(staticLoggerBinderPathSet);

}

// ...

}

  1. findPossibleStaticLoggerBinderPathSet()方法中通过ClassLoader或者loggerFactoryClassLoader来获取名为"STATIC_LOGGER_BINDER_PATH"的Resources
    "STATIC_LOGGER_BINDER_PATH"的值在文件一开始已经定义过了

privatestaticString STATIC_LOGGER_BINDER_PATH ="org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class";

// org/slf4j/slf4j-api/1.7.25/slf4j-api-1.7.25.jar!/org/slf4j/LoggerFactory.class

staticSet<URL>findPossibleStaticLoggerBinderPathSet(){

LinkedHashSet staticLoggerBinderPathSet =newLinkedHashSet();

try{

ClassLoader loggerFactoryClassLoader =LoggerFactory.class.getClassLoader();

Enumeration paths;

// 通过ClassLoader或者loggerFactoryClassLoader来获取Resources

if(loggerFactoryClassLoader ==null){

paths =ClassLoader.getSystemResources(STATIC_LOGGER_BINDER_PATH);

}else{

paths = loggerFactoryClassLoader.getResources(STATIC_LOGGER_BINDER_PATH);

}

while(paths.hasMoreElements()){

URL path =(URL)paths.nextElement();

staticLoggerBinderPathSet.add(path);

}

}catch(IOException var4){

Util.report("Error getting resources from path", var4);

}

return staticLoggerBinderPathSet;

}

  1. 这里拿整合Log4j举例,"org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class"就在log4j的log4j-slf4j-impl库中,这个类负责初始化Log4j相关的类。StaticLoggerBinder实现了LoggerFactoryBinder接口。

// org/apache/logging/log4j/log4j-slf4j-impl/2.11.1/log4j-slf4j-impl-2.11.1.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class

// 这里的包名定义为org.slf4j.impl,使得上述第2步的Class Loader可以加载到这个类

packageorg.slf4j.impl;

publicfinalclassStaticLoggerBinderimplementsLoggerFactoryBinder{

// log4j init...

}

  1. 其他日志框架也定义了StaticLoggerBinder类,且实现了LoggerFactoryBinder接口。
    例如: logback,jcl

// ch/qos/logback/logback-classic/1.2.3/logback-classic-1.2.3.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class

// 这里的包名定义为org.slf4j.impl,使得上述第2步的Class Loader可以加载到这个类

packageorg.slf4j.impl;

publicclassStaticLoggerBinderimplementsLoggerFactoryBinder{

// logback init...

}

// org/slf4j/slf4j-jcl/1.7.25/slf4j-jcl-1.7.25.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class

// 这里的包名定义为org.slf4j.impl,使得上述第2步的Class Loader可以加载到这个类

packageorg.slf4j.impl;

publicclassStaticLoggerBinderimplementsLoggerFactoryBinder{

// jcl init...

}

问题答案

  • SLF4J是如何整合不同的日志框架的
    SLF4J通过加载各个底层日志框架桥接库的org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class来加载初始化对应的日志框架。
  • Class Path中为什么只能有且仅有一种日志框架的binding
    slf4j-api中的LoggerFactory中,在上述第2步返回staticLoggerBinderPathSet后,会立马调用
    reportMultipleBindingAmbiguity(staticLoggerBinderPathSet)方法来检测是否有多个binding。如果有多个binding,就输出错误信息"Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings."

privatestaticvoidreportMultipleBindingAmbiguity(Set<URL> binderPathSet){

if(isAmbiguousStaticLoggerBinderPathSet(binderPathSet)){

Util.report("Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.");

Iterator i$ = binderPathSet.iterator();

while(i$.hasNext()){

URL path =(URL)i$.next();

Util.report("Found binding in ["+ path +"]");

}

Util.report("See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.");

}

}

最后

代码中使用SLF4J来记录日志,可以任意切换底层日志框架而不需要修改代码,只需要更新依赖以及日志配置文件即可。

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