使用“plugin：auth_socket”更改MySQL5.7中的用户密码
假设您安装5.7并且未指定密码。您将看到以下内容：
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SELECT User, Host, HEX(authentication_string) FROM mysql.user;
+-----------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| User | Host | HEX(authentication_string) |
+-----------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| root | localhost | |
密码为空。我们更改它：
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mysql> ALTER USER "root"@"localhost" IDENTIFIED BY "test";
mysql> SELECT User, Host, HEX(authentication_string) FROM mysql.user;
+-----------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| User | Host | HEX(authentication_string) |
+-----------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| root | localhost | |
这不起作用，它仍然是空的：
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mysql> SET PASSWORD FOR "root"@"localhost" = PASSWORD("test");
mysql> SELECT User, Host, HEX(authentication_string) FROM mysql.user;
+-----------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| User | Host | HEX(authentication_string) |
+-----------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| root | localhost | |
但为什么？我们来看看警告：
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mysql> show warnings;
+---------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Level | Code | Message |
+---------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Warning | 1287 | "SET PASSWORD FOR = PASSWORD("")" is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Please use SET PASSWORD FOR = "" instead |
| Note | 1699 | SET PASSWORD has no significance for user "root"@"localhost" as authentication plugin does not support it. |
+---------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
问题出在1699号注释中。该用户使用的是不支持密码的身份验证插件。可能是哪一个
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mysql> SELECT * from user where User="root"G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Host: localhost
User: root
[...]
plugin: auth_socket
[...]
好的， auth_socket。如果您安装5.7并且没有为root用户提供密码，它将使用auth_socket插件。该插件不关心，也不需要密码。它只检查用户是否使用UNIX套接字进行连接，然后比较用户名。
如果我们要配置密码，我们需要在同一命令中同时更改插件并设置密码。首先更改插件然后设置密码将不起作用，它将再次回退到auth_socket。所以，运行：
因此，正确的方法是运行以下命令：
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ALTER USER "root"@"localhost" IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY "test";
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mysql> SELECT User, Host, HEX(authentication_string) FROM mysql.user;
+-----------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| User | Host | HEX(authentication_string) |
+-----------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| root | localhost | 2A39344244434542453139303833434532413146393539464430324639363443374146344346433239 |
如果您的部署使用空密码，并在以后更改它们，请记住更新脚本！
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