Gradle这篇文章就够用了05多工程构建

  • Z时代
  • 2024-01-10
  • 分类：综合

编程

多工程结构

创建如下所示3层结构

graph TD
    helloProject --> subProjectA
    helloProject --> subProjectB
    subProjectA --> subProjectAA

每个project下均有如下四个任务：

graph LR
   编译:compile --> 测试:test
   测试:test --> 打包:packaging
   打包:packaging --> 安装:install

事前准备

在前文的示例基础上，相关的settings和build信息如下：

orrincn:hello orrin$ cat settings.gradle 
println "[Phase: initialization] : settings executed... "
rootProject.name="helloPorject"
orrincn:hello orrin$

  • build.gradle

orrincn:hello orrin$ cat build.gradle 
println "[phase:configuration] build.gradle ..."
task compile {
  group "compile"
  description "compile task"
  println "[phase:configuration] compile"
  doFirst {
    println "[phase:execution] compile :doFirst()"
  }
}
tasks.create(name: "test",dependsOn: compile) {
  group "test"
  description "test task"
  println "[phase:configuration] test"
  doLast {
    println "[phase:execution] test:doLast()"
  }
}
tasks.create("packaging") {
  group "packaging"
  description "packaging task"
  dependsOn test
  enabled   true
  println "[phase:configuration] packaging"
  doLast {
    println "[phase:execution] packaging:doLast()"
  }
}
class Install extends DefaultTask{
  String installObjectName
  @TaskAction
  void checkObject() {
    println "[phase:execution] install:checkObject   (${installObjectName})"
  }
  @TaskAction
  void installObject() {
    println "[phase:execution] install:installObject (${installObjectName})"
  }
}
task install(type: Install) {
  group "install"
  description "install task"
  installObjectName "test.jar"
  println "[phase:configuration] install"
  doFirst {
    println "[phase:execution] install:doFirst()"
  }
  doLast {
    println "[phase:execution] install:doLast()"
  }
}
install.dependsOn packaging
install.onlyIf { packaging.enabled }
orrincn:hello orrin$

  • 执行确认

orrincn:hello orrin$ gradle install
[Phase: initialization] : settings executed... 
> Configure project :
[phase:configuration] build.gradle ...
[phase:configuration] compile
[phase:configuration] test
[phase:configuration] packaging
[phase:configuration] install
> Task :compile
[phase:execution] compile :doFirst()
> Task :test
[phase:execution] test:doLast()
> Task :packaging
[phase:execution] packaging:doLast()
> Task :install
[phase:execution] install:doFirst()
[phase:execution] install:installObject (test.jar)
[phase:execution] install:checkObject   (test.jar)
[phase:execution] install:doLast()
BUILD SUCCESSFUL in 0s
4 actionable tasks: 4 executed
orrincn:hello orrin$

多项目构建准备

创建subProjectA subProjectA/subProjectAA subProjectB三个目录，然后将build.gradle分别拷贝进去即做完了演示准备。

orrincn:hello orrin$ ls
build.gradle    settings.gradle
orrincn:hello orrin$ mkdir -p subProjectA subProjectA/subProjectAA subProjectB
orrincn:hello orrin$ cp build.gradle subProjectA
orrincn:hello orrin$ cp build.gradle subProjectA/subProjectAA/
orrincn:hello orrin$ cp build.gradle subProjectB
orrincn:hello orrin$

这样每个project下有四个任务的准备已经完成：

graph LR
   编译:compile --> 测试:test
   测试:test --> 打包:packaging
   打包:packaging --> 安装:install

  • 构成结构

orrincn:hello orrin$ tree .
.
├── build.gradle
├── settings.gradle
├── subProjectA
│   ├── build.gradle
│   └── subProjectAA
│       └── build.gradle
└── subProjectB
    └── build.gradle
3 directories, 5 files
orrincn:hello orrin$

设定settings.gradle

唯一需要设定的是rootProject下的settings.xml，使用到的语句是include，添加如下一行信息：

include "subProjectA", "subProjectB","subProjectA:subProjectAA"

当然，写法可能还有很多种，比如引入3层结构的时候可以使用:subProjectA:subProjectAA等方式，这里就不再额外展开。这样仅仅添加了一行，就已经完成了三层结构的关联：

graph TD
    helloProject --> subProjectA
    helloProject --> subProjectB
    subProjectA --> subProjectAA

结果确认

使用gradle projects可以清楚地看到3层的工程构成状况：

orrincn:hello orrin$ gradle projects
[Phase: initialization] : settings executed... 
> Configure project :
[phase:configuration] build.gradle ...
[phase:configuration] compile
[phase:configuration] test
[phase:configuration] packaging
[phase:configuration] install
> Configure project :subProjectA
[phase:configuration] build.gradle ...
[phase:configuration] compile
[phase:configuration] test
[phase:configuration] packaging
[phase:configuration] install
> Configure project :subProjectB
[phase:configuration] build.gradle ...
[phase:configuration] compile
[phase:configuration] test
[phase:configuration] packaging
[phase:configuration] install
> Configure project :subProjectA:subProjectAA
[phase:configuration] build.gradle ...
[phase:configuration] compile
[phase:configuration] test
[phase:configuration] packaging
[phase:configuration] install
> Task :projects
------------------------------------------------------------
Root project
------------------------------------------------------------
Root project "helloPorject"
+--- Project ":subProjectA"
|    --- Project ":subProjectA:subProjectAA"
--- Project ":subProjectB"
To see a list of the tasks of a project, run gradle <project-path>:tasks
For example, try running gradle :subProjectA:tasks
BUILD SUCCESSFUL in 0s
1 actionable task: 1 executed
orrincn:hello orrin$ ]

当然也可以查看某个子工程的详细信息

orrincn:hello orrin$ gradle subProjectA:projects
[Phase: initialization] : settings executed... 
> Configure project :
[phase:configuration] build.gradle ...
[phase:configuration] compile
[phase:configuration] test
[phase:configuration] packaging
[phase:configuration] install
> Configure project :subProjectA
[phase:configuration] build.gradle ...
[phase:configuration] compile
[phase:configuration] test
[phase:configuration] packaging
[phase:configuration] install
> Configure project :subProjectB
[phase:configuration] build.gradle ...
[phase:configuration] compile
[phase:configuration] test
[phase:configuration] packaging
[phase:configuration] install
> Configure project :subProjectA:subProjectAA
[phase:configuration] build.gradle ...
[phase:configuration] compile
[phase:configuration] test
[phase:configuration] packaging
[phase:configuration] install
> Task :subProjectA:projects
------------------------------------------------------------
Project :subProjectA
------------------------------------------------------------
Project ":subProjectA"
--- Project ":subProjectA:subProjectAA"
To see a list of the tasks of a project, run gradle <project-path>:tasks
For example, try running gradle :subProjectA:subProjectAA:tasks
To see a list of all the projects in this build, run gradle :projects
BUILD SUCCESSFUL in 0s
1 actionable task: 1 executed
orrincn:hello orrin$

执行构建

  • 执行rootProject构建

    可以看到对根目录进行构建的时候，其他所有部分也会一同被构建

orrincn:hello orrin$ gradle install
[Phase: initialization] : settings executed... 
> Configure project :
[phase:configuration] build.gradle ...
[phase:configuration] compile
[phase:configuration] test
[phase:configuration] packaging
[phase:configuration] install
> Configure project :subProjectA
[phase:configuration] build.gradle ...
[phase:configuration] compile
[phase:configuration] test
[phase:configuration] packaging
[phase:configuration] install
> Configure project :subProjectB
[phase:configuration] build.gradle ...
[phase:configuration] compile
[phase:configuration] test
[phase:configuration] packaging
[phase:configuration] install
> Configure project :subProjectA:subProjectAA
[phase:configuration] build.gradle ...
[phase:configuration] compile
[phase:configuration] test
[phase:configuration] packaging
[phase:configuration] install
> Task :compile
[phase:execution] compile :doFirst()
> Task :test
[phase:execution] test:doLast()
> Task :packaging
[phase:execution] packaging:doLast()
> Task :install
[phase:execution] install:doFirst()
[phase:execution] install:installObject (test.jar)
[phase:execution] install:checkObject   (test.jar)
[phase:execution] install:doLast()
> Task :subProjectA:compile
[phase:execution] compile :doFirst()
> Task :subProjectA:test
[phase:execution] test:doLast()
> Task :subProjectA:packaging
[phase:execution] packaging:doLast()
> Task :subProjectA:install
[phase:execution] install:doFirst()
[phase:execution] install:installObject (test.jar)
[phase:execution] install:checkObject   (test.jar)
[phase:execution] install:doLast()
> Task :subProjectB:compile
[phase:execution] compile :doFirst()
> Task :subProjectB:test
[phase:execution] test:doLast()
> Task :subProjectB:packaging
[phase:execution] packaging:doLast()
> Task :subProjectB:install
[phase:execution] install:doFirst()
[phase:execution] install:installObject (test.jar)
[phase:execution] install:checkObject   (test.jar)
[phase:execution] install:doLast()
> Task :subProjectA:subProjectAA:compile
[phase:execution] compile :doFirst()
> Task :subProjectA:subProjectAA:test
[phase:execution] test:doLast()
> Task :subProjectA:subProjectAA:packaging
[phase:execution] packaging:doLast()
> Task :subProjectA:subProjectAA:install
[phase:execution] install:doFirst()
[phase:execution] install:installObject (test.jar)
[phase:execution] install:checkObject   (test.jar)
[phase:execution] install:doLast()
BUILD SUCCESSFUL in 0s
16 actionable tasks: 16 executed
orrincn:hello orrin$

  • 执行子工程的构建

    也可以通过gradle来指定子工程进行构建，比如执行第3层的子工程的任务

orrincn:hello orrin$ gradle subProjectA:subProjectAA:install
[Phase: initialization] : settings executed... 
> Configure project :
[phase:configuration] build.gradle ...
[phase:configuration] compile
[phase:configuration] test
[phase:configuration] packaging
[phase:configuration] install
> Configure project :subProjectA
[phase:configuration] build.gradle ...
[phase:configuration] compile
[phase:configuration] test
[phase:configuration] packaging
[phase:configuration] install
> Configure project :subProjectB
[phase:configuration] build.gradle ...
[phase:configuration] compile
[phase:configuration] test
[phase:configuration] packaging
[phase:configuration] install
> Configure project :subProjectA:subProjectAA
[phase:configuration] build.gradle ...
[phase:configuration] compile
[phase:configuration] test
[phase:configuration] packaging
[phase:configuration] install
> Task :subProjectA:subProjectAA:compile
[phase:execution] compile :doFirst()
> Task :subProjectA:subProjectAA:test
[phase:execution] test:doLast()
> Task :subProjectA:subProjectAA:packaging
[phase:execution] packaging:doLast()
> Task :subProjectA:subProjectAA:install
[phase:execution] install:doFirst()
[phase:execution] install:installObject (test.jar)
[phase:execution] install:checkObject   (test.jar)
[phase:execution] install:doLast()
BUILD SUCCESSFUL in 0s
4 actionable tasks: 4 executed
orrincn:hello orrin$

总结

在gradle中通过简单的include语句就实现了结构的关联，当然相较于父子关系的引入方式，在结构上这种方式的实现可能在集成关系，修改的影响范围等方面各有利弊，本文主要用于介绍gradle下多层模块的构成方式，虽然可以使用N层进行构成，是否使用建议慎重，这方面使用者可在项目中自行体会。

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