050.集群管理Prometheus+Grafana监控方案
一 Prometheus概述1.1 Prometheus简介
Prometheus是由SoundCloud公司开发的开源监控系统，是继Kubernetes之后CNCF第2个毕业的项目，在容器和微服务领域得到了广泛应用。Prometheus的主要特点如下：- 使用指标名称及键值对标识的多维度数据模型。
- 采用灵活的查询语言PromQL。
- 不依赖分布式存储，为自治的单节点服务。
- 使用HTTP完成对监控数据的拉取。
- 支持通过网关推送时序数据。
- 支持多种图形和Dashboard的展示，例如Grafana。
Prometheus生态系统由各种组件组成，用于功能的扩充。- Prometheus Server：负责监控数据采集和时序数据存储，并提供数据查询功能。
- 客户端SDK：对接Prometheus的开发工具包。
- Push Gateway：推送数据的网关组件。
- 第三方Exporter：各种外部指标收集系统，其数据可以被Prometheus采集。
- AlertManager：告警管理器。
- 其他辅助支持工具。
Prometheus的核心组件Prometheus Server的主要功能包括：- 从Kubernetes Master获取需要监控的资源或服务信息；
- 从各种Exporter抓取（Pull）指标数据，然后将指标数据保存在时序数据库（TSDB）中；
- 向其他系统提供HTTP API进行查询；
- 提供基于PromQL语言的数据查询；
- 可以将告警数据推送（Push）给AlertManager，等等。
1.2 Prometheus组件架构图
Prometheus 直接从jobs接收或者通过中间的 Pushgateway 网关被动获取指标数据，在本地存储所有获取的指标数据，并对这些数据进行一些规则整理，用来生成一些聚合数据或者报警信息，然后可以通过 Grafana 或者其他工具来可视化这些数据。其工作流程大致如下：- Prometheus 服务器定期从配置好的 jobs 或者 exporters 中获取度量数据；或者接收来自推送网关发送过来的度量数据。
- Prometheus 服务器在本地存储收集到的度量数据，并对这些数据进行聚合；
- 运行已定义好的 alert.rules，记录新的时间序列或者向告警管理器推送警报。
- 告警管理器根据配置文件，对接收到的警报进行处理，并通过email等途径发出告警。
- Grafana等图形工具获取到监控数据，并以图形化的方式进行展示。
1.3 Prometheus监控粒度
Prometheus作为监控系统主要在以下各层面实现监控：- 基础设施层：监控各个主机服务器资源(包括Kubernetes的Node和非Kubernetes的Node)，如CPU,内存,网络吞吐和带宽占用,磁盘I/O和磁盘使用等指标。
- 中间件层：监控独立部署于Kubernetes集群之外的中间件，例如：MySQL、Redis、RabbitMQ、ElasticSearch、Nginx等。
- Kubernetes集群：监控Kubernetes集群本身的关键指标
- Kubernetes集群上部署的应用：监控部署在Kubernetes集群上的应用
二 Prometheus相关概念2.1 数据模型
Prometheus从根本上将所有数据存储为时间序列：属于相同度量标准和同一组标注尺寸的时间戳值流。除了存储的时间序列之外，Prometheus可能会生成临时派生时间序列作为查询的结果。- 度量名称和标签
每个时间序列都是由度量标准名称和一组键值对（也称为标签）组成唯一标识。度量名称指定被测量的系统的特征（例如：http_requests_total-接收到的HTTP请求的总数）。它可以包含ASCII字母和数字，以及下划线和冒号。它必须匹配正则表达式[a-zA-Z_:][a-zA-Z0-9_:]*。标签启用Prometheus的维度数据模型：对于相同度量标准名称，任何给定的标签组合都标识该度量标准的特定维度实例。查询语言允许基于这些维度进行筛选和聚合。更改任何标签值（包括添加或删除标签）都会创建新的时间序列。标签名称可能包含ASCII字母，数字以及下划线。他们必须匹配正则表达式[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*。以__开始的标签名称保留给供内部使用。- 样本
实际的时间序列，每个序列包括：一个 float64 的值和一个毫秒级的时间戳。- 格式
给定度量标准名称和一组标签，时间序列通常使用以下格式来标识：<metric name>{<label name>=<label value>, ...}例如，时间序列的度量名称为api_http_requests_total，标签method=”POST”和handler=”/messages”，则标记为：api_http_requests_total{method="POST", handler="/messages"}2.2 度量类型
Prometheus 客户端库主要提供Counter、Gauge、Histogram和Summery四种主要的 metric 类型：- Counter(计算器)
Counter是一种累加的度量，它的值只能增加或在重新启动时重置为零。例如，可以使用计数器来表示提供的请求数，已完成的任务或错误的数量。不要使用计数器来表达可减少的值。例如，不要使用Counter来计算当前正在运行的进程的数量，而是使用Gauge。- Gauge(测量)
Gauge表示单个数值，表达可以任意地上升和下降的度量。Gauge通常用于测量值，例如温度或当前的内存使用情况，但也可以表达上升和下降的“计数”，如正在运行的goroutines的数量。- Histogram(直方图)
Histogram样本观测（例如：请求持续时间或响应大小），并将它们计入配置的桶中。它也提供所有观测值的总和。具有<basename>基本度量标准名称的histogram的在获取数据期间会显示多个时间序列：- 观察桶的累计计数器，暴露为 <basename>_bucket{le=”<upper inclusive bound>”}
- 所有观察值的总和，暴露为<basename>_sum
- 已观察到的事件的计数，暴露为<basename>_count（等同于<basename>_bucket{le=”+Inf”}）
- Summery：类似于Histogram，Summery样本观察（通常是请求持续时间和响应大小）。虽然它也提供观测总数和所有观测值的总和，但它计算滑动时间窗内的可配置分位数。在获取数据期间，具有<basename>基本度量标准名称的Summery会显示多个时间序列：
- 流动φ分位数（0≤φ≤1）的观察事件，暴露为<basename>{quantile=”<φ>”}
- 所有观察值的总和，暴露为<basename>_sum
- 已经观察到的事件的计数，暴露为<basename>_count
2.3 工作和实例
在Prometheus中，可以获取数据的端点被称为实例（instance），通常对应于一个单一的进程。具有相同目的的实例集合（例如为了可伸缩性或可靠性而复制的进程）称为作业（job）。2.4 标签和时间序列
当Prometheus获取目标时，它会自动附加一些标签到所获取的时间序列中，以识别获取目标：- job：目标所属的配置作业名称。
- instance：<host>:<port>被抓取的目标网址部分。
如果这些标签中的任何一个已经存在于抓取的数据中，则行为取决于honor_labels配置选项。对于每个实例抓取，Prometheus会在以下时间序列中存储一个样本：- up{job=”<job-name>”, instance=”<instance-id>”}：1 如果实例健康，即可达；或者0抓取失败。
- scrape_duration_seconds{job=”<job-name>”, instance=”<instance-id>”}：抓取的持续时间。
- scrape_samples_post_metric_relabeling{job=”<job-name>”, instance=”<instance-id>”}：应用度量标准重新标记后剩余的样本数。
- scrape_samples_scraped{job=”<job-name>”, instance=”<instance-id>”}：目标暴露的样本数量。
up时间序列是实例可用性的监控。三 Prometheus部署3.1 创建命名空间
[root@k8smaster01 study]# vi monitor-namespace.yaml 1 apiVersion: v1 2 kind: Namespace
3 metadata:
4name: monitoring
5
[root@k8smaster01 study]# kubectl create -f monitor-namespace.yaml3.2 获取部署文件
[root@k8smaster01 study]# git clone https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus3.3 创建RBAC
[root@k8smaster01 ~]# cd prometheus/documentation/examples/[root@k8smaster01 examples]# vi rbac-setup.yml 1 apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1 2 kind: ClusterRole
3 metadata:
4name: prometheus
5 rules:
6 - apiGroups: [""]
7 resources:
8 - nodes
9 - nodes/proxy
10 - services
11 - endpoints
12 - pods
13 verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]
14 - apiGroups:
15 - extensions
16 resources:
17 - ingresses
18 verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]
19 - nonResourceURLs: ["/metrics"]
20 verbs: ["get"]
21 ---
22 apiVersion: v1
23 kind: ServiceAccount
24 metadata:
25name: prometheus
26 namespace: monitoring #修改命名空间
27 ---
28 apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
29 kind: ClusterRoleBinding
30 metadata:
31name: prometheus
32 roleRef:
33 apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
34 kind: ClusterRole
35name: prometheus
36 subjects:
37 - kind: ServiceAccount
38name: prometheus
39 namespace: monitoring #修改命名空间
40
[root@k8smaster01 examples]# kubectl create -f rbac-setup.yml3.4 创建Prometheus ConfigMap
[root@k8smaster01 examples]# cat prometheus-kubernetes.yml | grep -v ^$ | grep -v "#" >> prometheus-config.yaml[root@k8smaster01 examples]# vi prometheus-config.yaml 1 apiVersion: v1 2 kind: ConfigMap
3 metadata:
4name: prometheus-server-conf
5 labels:
6name: prometheus-server-conf
7 namespace: monitoring #修改命名空间
8data:
9 prometheus.yml: |-
10 global:
11 scrape_interval: 10s
12 evaluation_interval: 10s
13
14 scrape_configs:
15 - job_name: "kubernetes-apiservers"
16 kubernetes_sd_configs:
17 - role: endpoints
18 scheme: https
19 tls_config:
20 ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
21 bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
22 relabel_configs:
23 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace, __meta_kubernetes_service_name, __meta_kubernetes_endpoint_port_name]
24 action: keep
25 regex: default;kubernetes;https
26
27 - job_name: "kubernetes-nodes"
28 scheme: https
29 tls_config:
30 ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
31 bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
32 kubernetes_sd_configs:
33 - role: node
34 relabel_configs:
35 - action: labelmap
36 regex: __meta_kubernetes_node_label_(.+)
37 - target_label: __address__
38 replacement: kubernetes.default.svc:443
39 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_node_name]
40 regex: (.+)
41 target_label: __metrics_path__
42 replacement: /api/v1/nodes/${1}/proxy/metrics
43
44 - job_name: "kubernetes-cadvisor"
45 scheme: https
46 tls_config:
47 ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
48 bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
49 kubernetes_sd_configs:
50 - role: node
51 relabel_configs:
52 - action: labelmap
53 regex: __meta_kubernetes_node_label_(.+)
54 - target_label: __address__
55 replacement: kubernetes.default.svc:443
56 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_node_name]
57 regex: (.+)
58 target_label: __metrics_path__
59 replacement: /api/v1/nodes/${1}/proxy/metrics/cadvisor
60
61 - job_name: "kubernetes-service-endpoints"
62 kubernetes_sd_configs:
63 - role: endpoints
64 relabel_configs:
65 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_scrape]
66 action: keep
67 regex: true
68 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_scheme]
69 action: replace
70 target_label: __scheme__
71 regex: (https?)
72 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_path]
73 action: replace
74 target_label: __metrics_path__
75 regex: (.+)
76 - source_labels: [__address__, __meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_port]
77 action: replace
78 target_label: __address__
79 regex: ([^:]+)(?::d+)?;(d+)
80 replacement: $1:$2
81 - action: labelmap
82 regex: __meta_kubernetes_service_label_(.+)
83 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
84 action: replace
85 target_label: kubernetes_namespace
86 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_name]
87 action: replace
88 target_label: kubernetes_name
89
90 - job_name: "kubernetes-services"
91 metrics_path: /probe
92 params:
93module: [http_2xx]
94 kubernetes_sd_configs:
95 - role: service
96 relabel_configs:
97 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_probe]
98 action: keep
99 regex: true
100 - source_labels: [__address__]
101 target_label: __param_target
102 - target_label: __address__
103 replacement: blackbox-exporter.example.com:9115
104 - source_labels: [__param_target]
105 target_label: instance
106 - action: labelmap
107 regex: __meta_kubernetes_service_label_(.+)
108 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
109 target_label: kubernetes_namespace
110 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_name]
111 target_label: kubernetes_name
112
113 - job_name: "kubernetes-ingresses"
114 kubernetes_sd_configs:
115 - role: ingress
116 relabel_configs:
117 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_ingress_annotation_prometheus_io_probe]
118 action: keep
119 regex: true
120 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_ingress_scheme,__address__,__meta_kubernetes_ingress_path]
121 regex: (.+);(.+);(.+)
122 replacement: ${1}://${2}${3}
123 target_label: __param_target
124 - target_label: __address__
125 replacement: blackbox-exporter.example.com:9115
126 - source_labels: [__param_target]
127 target_label: instance
128 - action: labelmap
129 regex: __meta_kubernetes_ingress_label_(.+)
130 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
131 target_label: kubernetes_namespace
132 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_ingress_name]
133 target_label: kubernetes_name
134
135 - job_name: "kubernetes-pods"
136 kubernetes_sd_configs:
137 - role: pod
138 relabel_configs:
139 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_scrape]
140 action: keep
141 regex: true
142 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_path]
143 action: replace
144 target_label: __metrics_path__
145 regex: (.+)
146 - source_labels: [__address__, __meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_port]
147 action: replace
148 regex: ([^:]+)(?::d+)?;(d+)
149 replacement: $1:$2
150 target_label: __address__
151 - action: labelmap
152 regex: __meta_kubernetes_pod_label_(.+)
153 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
154 action: replace
155 target_label: kubernetes_namespace
156 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_name]
157 action: replace
158 target_label: kubernetes_pod_name
159
[root@k8smaster01 examples]# kubectl create -f prometheus-config.yaml3.5 创建Prometheus Deployment
[root@k8smaster01 examples]# vi prometheus-deployment.yml 1 apiVersion: apps/v1beta2 2 kind: Deployment
3 metadata:
4 labels:
5name: prometheus-deployment
6name: prometheus-server
7 namespace: monitoring
8 spec:
9 replicas: 1
10 selector:
11 matchLabels:
12 app: prometheus-server
13 template:
14 metadata:
15 labels:
16 app: prometheus-server
17 spec:
18 containers:
19 - name: prometheus-server
20 image: prom/prometheus:v2.14.0
21 command:
22 - "/bin/prometheus"
23 args:
24 - "--config.file=/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml"
25 - "--storage.tsdb.path=/prometheus/"
26 - "--storage.tsdb.retention=72h"
27 ports:
28 - containerPort: 9090
29 protocol: TCP
30 volumeMounts:
31 - name: prometheus-config-volume
32 mountPath: /etc/prometheus/
33 - name: prometheus-storage-volume
34 mountPath: /prometheus/
35 serviceAccountName: prometheus
36 imagePullSecrets:
37 - name: regsecret
38 volumes:
39 - name: prometheus-config-volume
40 configMap:
41 defaultMode: 420
42name: prometheus-server-conf
43 - name: prometheus-storage-volume
44 emptyDir: {}
45
[root@k8smaster01 examples]# kubectl create -f prometheus-deployment.yml提示：若需要持久存储Prometheus，可提前创建相应sc和pvc，sc《044.集群存储-StorageClass》,PVC可参考如下:[root@k8smaster01 examples]# vi prometheus-pvc.yaml 1 apiVersion: v1 2 kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
3 metadata:
4name: prometheus-pvc
5 namespace: monitoring
6 annotations:
7 volume.beta.kubernetes.io/storage-class: ghstorageclass
8 spec:
9 accessModes:
10 - ReadWriteMany
11 resources:
12 requests:
13 storage: 5Gi
[root@k8smaster01 examples]# kubectl create -f prometheus-pvc.yaml将prometheus-deployment.yml存储部分修改为： 1 …… 2 - name: prometheus-storage-volume
3 persistentVolumeClaim:
4 claimName: prometheus-pvc
5 ……
6
3.6 创建Prometheus Service
[root@k8smaster01 examples]# vi prometheus-service.yamlapiVersion: v1kind: Service
metadata:
labels:
app: prometheus-service
name: prometheus-service
namespace: monitoring
spec:
type: NodePort
selector:
app: prometheus-server
ports:
- port: 9090
targetPort: 9090
nodePort: 30909
[root@k8smaster01 examples]# kubectl create -f prometheus-service.yaml[root@k8smaster01 examples]# kubectl get all -n monitoringNAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGEpod/prometheus-server-fd5479489-q584s 1/1 Running 0 92sNAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGEservice/prometheus-service NodePort 10.107.69.147 <none> 9090:30909/TCP 29sNAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGEdeployment.apps/prometheus-server 1/1 1 1 92sNAME DESIRED CURRENT READY AGEreplicaset.apps/prometheus-server-fd5479489 1 1 1 92s3.7 测试Prometheus
浏览器直接访问：http://172.24.8.71:30909/查看所有Kubernetes集群上的Endpoint通过服务发现的方式自动连接到了Prometheus。通过图形化界面查看内存。Prometheus更多配置参考官网：https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/configuration/configuration/四 部署Grafana4.1 获取部署文件
[root@uhost ~]# git clone https://github.com/liukuan73/kubernetes-addons4.2 部署grafana
[root@uhost ~]# cd /root/kubernetes-addons/monitor/prometheus+grafana[root@k8smaster01 prometheus+grafana]# vi grafana.yaml 1 --- 2 apiVersion: v1
3 kind: Service
4 metadata:
5name: grafana
6 namespace: monitoring
7 labels:
8 app: grafana
9 spec:
10 type: NodePort
11 ports:
12 - port: 3000
13 targetPort: 3000
14 nodePort: 30007
15 selector:
16 app: grafana
17 ---
18 apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
19 kind: Deployment
20 metadata:
21 labels:
22 app: grafana
23name: grafana
24 namespace: monitoring
25 spec:
26 replicas: 1
27 revisionHistoryLimit: 2
28 template:
29 metadata:
30 labels:
31 app: grafana
32 spec:
33 containers:
34 - name: gragana
35 image: grafana/grafana:5.0.0
36 imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
37 ports:
38 - containerPort: 3000
39 volumeMounts:
40 - mountPath: /var
41name: grafana-storage
42 env:
43 - name: GF_AUTH_BASIC_ENABLED
44 value: "false"
45 - name: GF_AUTH_ANONYMOUS_ENABLED
46 value: "true"
47 - name: GF_AUTH_ANONYMOUS_ORG_ROLE
48 value: Admin
49 - name: GF_SERVER_ROOT_URL
50# value: /api/v1/proxy/namespaces/default/services/grafana/
51 value: /
52 readinessProbe:
53 httpGet:
54path: /login
55 port: 3000
56 volumes:
57 - name: grafana-storage
58 emptyDir: {}
59 nodeSelector:
60 node-role.kubernetes.io/master: "true"
61# tolerations:
62# - key: "node-role.kubernetes.io/master"
63# effect: "NoSchedule"
64
[root@k8smaster01 prometheus+grafana]# kubectl label nodes k8smaster01 node-role.kubernetes.io/master=true[root@k8smaster01 prometheus+grafana]# kubectl label nodes k8smaster02 node-role.kubernetes.io/master=true[root@k8smaster01 prometheus+grafana]# kubectl label nodes k8smaster03 node-role.kubernetes.io/master=true[root@k8smaster01 prometheus+grafana]# kubectl taint node --all node-role.kubernetes.io- #允许Master部署应用[root@k8smaster01 prometheus+grafana]# kubectl create -f grafana.yaml[root@k8smaster01 examples]# kubectl get all -n monitoring4.3 确认验证
浏览器访问：http://172.24.8.71:30007，使用默认用户名admin/admin登录。4.4 配置数据源
Configuration ----> Data Sources。添加新数据源。如下添加Prometheus数据源，本环境基于《附012.Kubeadm部署高可用Kubernetes》部署的高可用Kubernetes，存在vip:172.24.8.100，也可使用3.7步骤所测试的Prometheus地址。保存并测试是否成功。4.5 配置Grafana
配置dashboard，本实验使用162号模板，此Dashboard 模板来展示 Kubernetes 集群的监控信息。选择4.4所添加的Prometheus数据源，用于展示。4.6 添加用户
可添加普通用户，并配置相应角色。复制登录链接：http://172.24.8.71:30007/invite/hlhkzz5O3dJj94OlHcKiqN8bPrZt40进入链接，设置新用户密码并登录：4.7 其他设置
建议对时区进行设置，其他Grafana更多配置参考：https://grafana.com/docs/grafana/latest/installation/configuration/4.8 查看监控
登录http://172.24.8.71:30007/，即可查看相应Kubernetes监控了。本方案参考链接：https://www.kubernetes.org.cn/4184.htmlhttps://www.kubernetes.org.cn/3418.htmlhttps://www.jianshu.com/p/c2e549480c50
2.1 数据模型
Prometheus从根本上将所有数据存储为时间序列：属于相同度量标准和同一组标注尺寸的时间戳值流。除了存储的时间序列之外，Prometheus可能会生成临时派生时间序列作为查询的结果。- 度量名称和标签
- 样本
- 格式
2.2 度量类型
Prometheus 客户端库主要提供Counter、Gauge、Histogram和Summery四种主要的 metric 类型：- Counter(计算器)
- Gauge(测量)
- Histogram(直方图)
- 观察桶的累计计数器，暴露为 <basename>_bucket{le=”<upper inclusive bound>”}
- 所有观察值的总和，暴露为<basename>_sum
- 已观察到的事件的计数，暴露为<basename>_count（等同于<basename>_bucket{le=”+Inf”}）
- Summery：类似于Histogram，Summery样本观察（通常是请求持续时间和响应大小）。虽然它也提供观测总数和所有观测值的总和，但它计算滑动时间窗内的可配置分位数。在获取数据期间，具有<basename>基本度量标准名称的Summery会显示多个时间序列：
- 流动φ分位数（0≤φ≤1）的观察事件，暴露为<basename>{quantile=”<φ>”}
- 所有观察值的总和，暴露为<basename>_sum
- 已经观察到的事件的计数，暴露为<basename>_count
2.3 工作和实例
在Prometheus中，可以获取数据的端点被称为实例（instance），通常对应于一个单一的进程。具有相同目的的实例集合（例如为了可伸缩性或可靠性而复制的进程）称为作业（job）。2.4 标签和时间序列
当Prometheus获取目标时，它会自动附加一些标签到所获取的时间序列中，以识别获取目标：- job：目标所属的配置作业名称。
- instance：<host>:<port>被抓取的目标网址部分。
- up{job=”<job-name>”, instance=”<instance-id>”}：1 如果实例健康，即可达；或者0抓取失败。
- scrape_duration_seconds{job=”<job-name>”, instance=”<instance-id>”}：抓取的持续时间。
- scrape_samples_post_metric_relabeling{job=”<job-name>”, instance=”<instance-id>”}：应用度量标准重新标记后剩余的样本数。
- scrape_samples_scraped{job=”<job-name>”, instance=”<instance-id>”}：目标暴露的样本数量。
三 Prometheus部署3.1 创建命名空间
[root@k8smaster01 study]# vi monitor-namespace.yaml 1 apiVersion: v1 2 kind: Namespace
3 metadata:
4name: monitoring
5
[root@k8smaster01 study]# kubectl create -f monitor-namespace.yaml3.2 获取部署文件
[root@k8smaster01 study]# git clone https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus3.3 创建RBAC
[root@k8smaster01 ~]# cd prometheus/documentation/examples/[root@k8smaster01 examples]# vi rbac-setup.yml 1 apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1 2 kind: ClusterRole
3 metadata:
4name: prometheus
5 rules:
6 - apiGroups: [""]
7 resources:
8 - nodes
9 - nodes/proxy
10 - services
11 - endpoints
12 - pods
13 verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]
14 - apiGroups:
15 - extensions
16 resources:
17 - ingresses
18 verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]
19 - nonResourceURLs: ["/metrics"]
20 verbs: ["get"]
21 ---
22 apiVersion: v1
23 kind: ServiceAccount
24 metadata:
25name: prometheus
26 namespace: monitoring #修改命名空间
27 ---
28 apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
29 kind: ClusterRoleBinding
30 metadata:
31name: prometheus
32 roleRef:
33 apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
34 kind: ClusterRole
35name: prometheus
36 subjects:
37 - kind: ServiceAccount
38name: prometheus
39 namespace: monitoring #修改命名空间
40
[root@k8smaster01 examples]# kubectl create -f rbac-setup.yml3.4 创建Prometheus ConfigMap
[root@k8smaster01 examples]# cat prometheus-kubernetes.yml | grep -v ^$ | grep -v "#" >> prometheus-config.yaml[root@k8smaster01 examples]# vi prometheus-config.yaml 1 apiVersion: v1 2 kind: ConfigMap
3 metadata:
4name: prometheus-server-conf
5 labels:
6name: prometheus-server-conf
7 namespace: monitoring #修改命名空间
8data:
9 prometheus.yml: |-
10 global:
11 scrape_interval: 10s
12 evaluation_interval: 10s
13
14 scrape_configs:
15 - job_name: "kubernetes-apiservers"
16 kubernetes_sd_configs:
17 - role: endpoints
18 scheme: https
19 tls_config:
20 ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
21 bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
22 relabel_configs:
23 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace, __meta_kubernetes_service_name, __meta_kubernetes_endpoint_port_name]
24 action: keep
25 regex: default;kubernetes;https
26
27 - job_name: "kubernetes-nodes"
28 scheme: https
29 tls_config:
30 ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
31 bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
32 kubernetes_sd_configs:
33 - role: node
34 relabel_configs:
35 - action: labelmap
36 regex: __meta_kubernetes_node_label_(.+)
37 - target_label: __address__
38 replacement: kubernetes.default.svc:443
39 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_node_name]
40 regex: (.+)
41 target_label: __metrics_path__
42 replacement: /api/v1/nodes/${1}/proxy/metrics
43
44 - job_name: "kubernetes-cadvisor"
45 scheme: https
46 tls_config:
47 ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
48 bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
49 kubernetes_sd_configs:
50 - role: node
51 relabel_configs:
52 - action: labelmap
53 regex: __meta_kubernetes_node_label_(.+)
54 - target_label: __address__
55 replacement: kubernetes.default.svc:443
56 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_node_name]
57 regex: (.+)
58 target_label: __metrics_path__
59 replacement: /api/v1/nodes/${1}/proxy/metrics/cadvisor
60
61 - job_name: "kubernetes-service-endpoints"
62 kubernetes_sd_configs:
63 - role: endpoints
64 relabel_configs:
65 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_scrape]
66 action: keep
67 regex: true
68 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_scheme]
69 action: replace
70 target_label: __scheme__
71 regex: (https?)
72 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_path]
73 action: replace
74 target_label: __metrics_path__
75 regex: (.+)
76 - source_labels: [__address__, __meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_port]
77 action: replace
78 target_label: __address__
79 regex: ([^:]+)(?::d+)?;(d+)
80 replacement: $1:$2
81 - action: labelmap
82 regex: __meta_kubernetes_service_label_(.+)
83 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
84 action: replace
85 target_label: kubernetes_namespace
86 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_name]
87 action: replace
88 target_label: kubernetes_name
89
90 - job_name: "kubernetes-services"
91 metrics_path: /probe
92 params:
93module: [http_2xx]
94 kubernetes_sd_configs:
95 - role: service
96 relabel_configs:
97 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_probe]
98 action: keep
99 regex: true
100 - source_labels: [__address__]
101 target_label: __param_target
102 - target_label: __address__
103 replacement: blackbox-exporter.example.com:9115
104 - source_labels: [__param_target]
105 target_label: instance
106 - action: labelmap
107 regex: __meta_kubernetes_service_label_(.+)
108 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
109 target_label: kubernetes_namespace
110 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_name]
111 target_label: kubernetes_name
112
113 - job_name: "kubernetes-ingresses"
114 kubernetes_sd_configs:
115 - role: ingress
116 relabel_configs:
117 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_ingress_annotation_prometheus_io_probe]
118 action: keep
119 regex: true
120 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_ingress_scheme,__address__,__meta_kubernetes_ingress_path]
121 regex: (.+);(.+);(.+)
122 replacement: ${1}://${2}${3}
123 target_label: __param_target
124 - target_label: __address__
125 replacement: blackbox-exporter.example.com:9115
126 - source_labels: [__param_target]
127 target_label: instance
128 - action: labelmap
129 regex: __meta_kubernetes_ingress_label_(.+)
130 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
131 target_label: kubernetes_namespace
132 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_ingress_name]
133 target_label: kubernetes_name
134
135 - job_name: "kubernetes-pods"
136 kubernetes_sd_configs:
137 - role: pod
138 relabel_configs:
139 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_scrape]
140 action: keep
141 regex: true
142 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_path]
143 action: replace
144 target_label: __metrics_path__
145 regex: (.+)
146 - source_labels: [__address__, __meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_port]
147 action: replace
148 regex: ([^:]+)(?::d+)?;(d+)
149 replacement: $1:$2
150 target_label: __address__
151 - action: labelmap
152 regex: __meta_kubernetes_pod_label_(.+)
153 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
154 action: replace
155 target_label: kubernetes_namespace
156 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_name]
157 action: replace
158 target_label: kubernetes_pod_name
159
[root@k8smaster01 examples]# kubectl create -f prometheus-config.yaml3.5 创建Prometheus Deployment
[root@k8smaster01 examples]# vi prometheus-deployment.yml 1 apiVersion: apps/v1beta2 2 kind: Deployment
3 metadata:
4 labels:
5name: prometheus-deployment
6name: prometheus-server
7 namespace: monitoring
8 spec:
9 replicas: 1
10 selector:
11 matchLabels:
12 app: prometheus-server
13 template:
14 metadata:
15 labels:
16 app: prometheus-server
17 spec:
18 containers:
19 - name: prometheus-server
20 image: prom/prometheus:v2.14.0
21 command:
22 - "/bin/prometheus"
23 args:
24 - "--config.file=/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml"
25 - "--storage.tsdb.path=/prometheus/"
26 - "--storage.tsdb.retention=72h"
27 ports:
28 - containerPort: 9090
29 protocol: TCP
30 volumeMounts:
31 - name: prometheus-config-volume
32 mountPath: /etc/prometheus/
33 - name: prometheus-storage-volume
34 mountPath: /prometheus/
35 serviceAccountName: prometheus
36 imagePullSecrets:
37 - name: regsecret
38 volumes:
39 - name: prometheus-config-volume
40 configMap:
41 defaultMode: 420
42name: prometheus-server-conf
43 - name: prometheus-storage-volume
44 emptyDir: {}
45
[root@k8smaster01 examples]# kubectl create -f prometheus-deployment.yml提示：若需要持久存储Prometheus，可提前创建相应sc和pvc，sc《044.集群存储-StorageClass》,PVC可参考如下:[root@k8smaster01 examples]# vi prometheus-pvc.yaml 1 apiVersion: v1 2 kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
3 metadata:
4name: prometheus-pvc
5 namespace: monitoring
6 annotations:
7 volume.beta.kubernetes.io/storage-class: ghstorageclass
8 spec:
9 accessModes:
10 - ReadWriteMany
11 resources:
12 requests:
13 storage: 5Gi
[root@k8smaster01 examples]# kubectl create -f prometheus-pvc.yaml将prometheus-deployment.yml存储部分修改为： 1 …… 2 - name: prometheus-storage-volume
3 persistentVolumeClaim:
4 claimName: prometheus-pvc
5 ……
6
3.6 创建Prometheus Service
[root@k8smaster01 examples]# vi prometheus-service.yamlapiVersion: v1kind: Service
metadata:
labels:
app: prometheus-service
name: prometheus-service
namespace: monitoring
spec:
type: NodePort
selector:
app: prometheus-server
ports:
- port: 9090
targetPort: 9090
nodePort: 30909
[root@k8smaster01 examples]# kubectl create -f prometheus-service.yaml[root@k8smaster01 examples]# kubectl get all -n monitoringNAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGEpod/prometheus-server-fd5479489-q584s 1/1 Running 0 92sNAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGEservice/prometheus-service NodePort 10.107.69.147 <none> 9090:30909/TCP 29sNAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGEdeployment.apps/prometheus-server 1/1 1 1 92sNAME DESIRED CURRENT READY AGEreplicaset.apps/prometheus-server-fd5479489 1 1 1 92s3.7 测试Prometheus
浏览器直接访问：http://172.24.8.71:30909/查看所有Kubernetes集群上的Endpoint通过服务发现的方式自动连接到了Prometheus。通过图形化界面查看内存。Prometheus更多配置参考官网：https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/configuration/configuration/四 部署Grafana4.1 获取部署文件
[root@uhost ~]# git clone https://github.com/liukuan73/kubernetes-addons4.2 部署grafana
[root@uhost ~]# cd /root/kubernetes-addons/monitor/prometheus+grafana[root@k8smaster01 prometheus+grafana]# vi grafana.yaml 1 --- 2 apiVersion: v1
3 kind: Service
4 metadata:
5name: grafana
6 namespace: monitoring
7 labels:
8 app: grafana
9 spec:
10 type: NodePort
11 ports:
12 - port: 3000
13 targetPort: 3000
14 nodePort: 30007
15 selector:
16 app: grafana
17 ---
18 apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
19 kind: Deployment
20 metadata:
21 labels:
22 app: grafana
23name: grafana
24 namespace: monitoring
25 spec:
26 replicas: 1
27 revisionHistoryLimit: 2
28 template:
29 metadata:
30 labels:
31 app: grafana
32 spec:
33 containers:
34 - name: gragana
35 image: grafana/grafana:5.0.0
36 imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
37 ports:
38 - containerPort: 3000
39 volumeMounts:
40 - mountPath: /var
41name: grafana-storage
42 env:
43 - name: GF_AUTH_BASIC_ENABLED
44 value: "false"
45 - name: GF_AUTH_ANONYMOUS_ENABLED
46 value: "true"
47 - name: GF_AUTH_ANONYMOUS_ORG_ROLE
48 value: Admin
49 - name: GF_SERVER_ROOT_URL
50# value: /api/v1/proxy/namespaces/default/services/grafana/
51 value: /
52 readinessProbe:
53 httpGet:
54path: /login
55 port: 3000
56 volumes:
57 - name: grafana-storage
58 emptyDir: {}
59 nodeSelector:
60 node-role.kubernetes.io/master: "true"
61# tolerations:
62# - key: "node-role.kubernetes.io/master"
63# effect: "NoSchedule"
64
[root@k8smaster01 prometheus+grafana]# kubectl label nodes k8smaster01 node-role.kubernetes.io/master=true[root@k8smaster01 prometheus+grafana]# kubectl label nodes k8smaster02 node-role.kubernetes.io/master=true[root@k8smaster01 prometheus+grafana]# kubectl label nodes k8smaster03 node-role.kubernetes.io/master=true[root@k8smaster01 prometheus+grafana]# kubectl taint node --all node-role.kubernetes.io- #允许Master部署应用[root@k8smaster01 prometheus+grafana]# kubectl create -f grafana.yaml[root@k8smaster01 examples]# kubectl get all -n monitoring4.3 确认验证
浏览器访问：http://172.24.8.71:30007，使用默认用户名admin/admin登录。4.4 配置数据源
Configuration ----> Data Sources。添加新数据源。如下添加Prometheus数据源，本环境基于《附012.Kubeadm部署高可用Kubernetes》部署的高可用Kubernetes，存在vip:172.24.8.100，也可使用3.7步骤所测试的Prometheus地址。保存并测试是否成功。4.5 配置Grafana
配置dashboard，本实验使用162号模板，此Dashboard 模板来展示 Kubernetes 集群的监控信息。选择4.4所添加的Prometheus数据源，用于展示。4.6 添加用户
可添加普通用户，并配置相应角色。复制登录链接：http://172.24.8.71:30007/invite/hlhkzz5O3dJj94OlHcKiqN8bPrZt40进入链接，设置新用户密码并登录：4.7 其他设置
建议对时区进行设置，其他Grafana更多配置参考：https://grafana.com/docs/grafana/latest/installation/configuration/4.8 查看监控
登录http://172.24.8.71:30007/，即可查看相应Kubernetes监控了。本方案参考链接：https://www.kubernetes.org.cn/4184.htmlhttps://www.kubernetes.org.cn/3418.htmlhttps://www.jianshu.com/p/c2e549480c50
2 kind: Namespace
3 metadata:
4name: monitoring
5
2 kind: ClusterRole
3 metadata:
4name: prometheus
5 rules:
6 - apiGroups: [""]
7 resources:
8 - nodes
9 - nodes/proxy
10 - services
11 - endpoints
12 - pods
13 verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]
14 - apiGroups:
15 - extensions
16 resources:
17 - ingresses
18 verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]
19 - nonResourceURLs: ["/metrics"]
20 verbs: ["get"]
21 ---
22 apiVersion: v1
23 kind: ServiceAccount
24 metadata:
25name: prometheus
26 namespace: monitoring #修改命名空间
27 ---
28 apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
29 kind: ClusterRoleBinding
30 metadata:
31name: prometheus
32 roleRef:
33 apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
34 kind: ClusterRole
35name: prometheus
36 subjects:
37 - kind: ServiceAccount
38name: prometheus
39 namespace: monitoring #修改命名空间
40
2 kind: ConfigMap
3 metadata:
4name: prometheus-server-conf
5 labels:
6name: prometheus-server-conf
7 namespace: monitoring #修改命名空间
8data:
9 prometheus.yml: |-
10 global:
11 scrape_interval: 10s
12 evaluation_interval: 10s
13
14 scrape_configs:
15 - job_name: "kubernetes-apiservers"
16 kubernetes_sd_configs:
17 - role: endpoints
18 scheme: https
19 tls_config:
20 ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
21 bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
22 relabel_configs:
23 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace, __meta_kubernetes_service_name, __meta_kubernetes_endpoint_port_name]
24 action: keep
25 regex: default;kubernetes;https
26
27 - job_name: "kubernetes-nodes"
28 scheme: https
29 tls_config:
30 ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
31 bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
32 kubernetes_sd_configs:
33 - role: node
34 relabel_configs:
35 - action: labelmap
36 regex: __meta_kubernetes_node_label_(.+)
37 - target_label: __address__
38 replacement: kubernetes.default.svc:443
39 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_node_name]
40 regex: (.+)
41 target_label: __metrics_path__
42 replacement: /api/v1/nodes/${1}/proxy/metrics
43
44 - job_name: "kubernetes-cadvisor"
45 scheme: https
46 tls_config:
47 ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
48 bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
49 kubernetes_sd_configs:
50 - role: node
51 relabel_configs:
52 - action: labelmap
53 regex: __meta_kubernetes_node_label_(.+)
54 - target_label: __address__
55 replacement: kubernetes.default.svc:443
56 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_node_name]
57 regex: (.+)
58 target_label: __metrics_path__
59 replacement: /api/v1/nodes/${1}/proxy/metrics/cadvisor
60
61 - job_name: "kubernetes-service-endpoints"
62 kubernetes_sd_configs:
63 - role: endpoints
64 relabel_configs:
65 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_scrape]
66 action: keep
67 regex: true
68 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_scheme]
69 action: replace
70 target_label: __scheme__
71 regex: (https?)
72 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_path]
73 action: replace
74 target_label: __metrics_path__
75 regex: (.+)
76 - source_labels: [__address__, __meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_port]
77 action: replace
78 target_label: __address__
79 regex: ([^:]+)(?::d+)?;(d+)
80 replacement: $1:$2
81 - action: labelmap
82 regex: __meta_kubernetes_service_label_(.+)
83 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
84 action: replace
85 target_label: kubernetes_namespace
86 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_name]
87 action: replace
88 target_label: kubernetes_name
89
90 - job_name: "kubernetes-services"
91 metrics_path: /probe
92 params:
93module: [http_2xx]
94 kubernetes_sd_configs:
95 - role: service
96 relabel_configs:
97 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_probe]
98 action: keep
99 regex: true
100 - source_labels: [__address__]
101 target_label: __param_target
102 - target_label: __address__
103 replacement: blackbox-exporter.example.com:9115
104 - source_labels: [__param_target]
105 target_label: instance
106 - action: labelmap
107 regex: __meta_kubernetes_service_label_(.+)
108 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
109 target_label: kubernetes_namespace
110 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_name]
111 target_label: kubernetes_name
112
113 - job_name: "kubernetes-ingresses"
114 kubernetes_sd_configs:
115 - role: ingress
116 relabel_configs:
117 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_ingress_annotation_prometheus_io_probe]
118 action: keep
119 regex: true
120 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_ingress_scheme,__address__,__meta_kubernetes_ingress_path]
121 regex: (.+);(.+);(.+)
122 replacement: ${1}://${2}${3}
123 target_label: __param_target
124 - target_label: __address__
125 replacement: blackbox-exporter.example.com:9115
126 - source_labels: [__param_target]
127 target_label: instance
128 - action: labelmap
129 regex: __meta_kubernetes_ingress_label_(.+)
130 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
131 target_label: kubernetes_namespace
132 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_ingress_name]
133 target_label: kubernetes_name
134
135 - job_name: "kubernetes-pods"
136 kubernetes_sd_configs:
137 - role: pod
138 relabel_configs:
139 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_scrape]
140 action: keep
141 regex: true
142 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_path]
143 action: replace
144 target_label: __metrics_path__
145 regex: (.+)
146 - source_labels: [__address__, __meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_port]
147 action: replace
148 regex: ([^:]+)(?::d+)?;(d+)
149 replacement: $1:$2
150 target_label: __address__
151 - action: labelmap
152 regex: __meta_kubernetes_pod_label_(.+)
153 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
154 action: replace
155 target_label: kubernetes_namespace
156 - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_name]
157 action: replace
158 target_label: kubernetes_pod_name
159
2 kind: Deployment
3 metadata:
4 labels:
5name: prometheus-deployment
6name: prometheus-server
7 namespace: monitoring
8 spec:
9 replicas: 1
10 selector:
11 matchLabels:
12 app: prometheus-server
13 template:
14 metadata:
15 labels:
16 app: prometheus-server
17 spec:
18 containers:
19 - name: prometheus-server
20 image: prom/prometheus:v2.14.0
21 command:
22 - "/bin/prometheus"
23 args:
24 - "--config.file=/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml"
25 - "--storage.tsdb.path=/prometheus/"
26 - "--storage.tsdb.retention=72h"
27 ports:
28 - containerPort: 9090
29 protocol: TCP
30 volumeMounts:
31 - name: prometheus-config-volume
32 mountPath: /etc/prometheus/
33 - name: prometheus-storage-volume
34 mountPath: /prometheus/
35 serviceAccountName: prometheus
36 imagePullSecrets:
37 - name: regsecret
38 volumes:
39 - name: prometheus-config-volume
40 configMap:
41 defaultMode: 420
42name: prometheus-server-conf
43 - name: prometheus-storage-volume
44 emptyDir: {}
45
2 kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
3 metadata:
4name: prometheus-pvc
5 namespace: monitoring
6 annotations:
7 volume.beta.kubernetes.io/storage-class: ghstorageclass
8 spec:
9 accessModes:
10 - ReadWriteMany
11 resources:
12 requests:
13 storage: 5Gi
2 - name: prometheus-storage-volume
3 persistentVolumeClaim:
4 claimName: prometheus-pvc
5 ……
6
4.1 获取部署文件
[root@uhost ~]# git clone https://github.com/liukuan73/kubernetes-addons4.2 部署grafana
[root@uhost ~]# cd /root/kubernetes-addons/monitor/prometheus+grafana[root@k8smaster01 prometheus+grafana]# vi grafana.yaml1 ---[root@k8smaster01 prometheus+grafana]# kubectl label nodes k8smaster01 node-role.kubernetes.io/master=true[root@k8smaster01 prometheus+grafana]# kubectl label nodes k8smaster02 node-role.kubernetes.io/master=true[root@k8smaster01 prometheus+grafana]# kubectl label nodes k8smaster03 node-role.kubernetes.io/master=true[root@k8smaster01 prometheus+grafana]# kubectl taint node --all node-role.kubernetes.io- #允许Master部署应用[root@k8smaster01 prometheus+grafana]# kubectl create -f grafana.yaml[root@k8smaster01 examples]# kubectl get all -n monitoring2 apiVersion: v1
3 kind: Service
4 metadata:
5name: grafana
6 namespace: monitoring
7 labels:
8 app: grafana
9 spec:
10 type: NodePort
11 ports:
12 - port: 3000
13 targetPort: 3000
14 nodePort: 30007
15 selector:
16 app: grafana
17 ---
18 apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
19 kind: Deployment
20 metadata:
21 labels:
22 app: grafana
23name: grafana
24 namespace: monitoring
25 spec:
26 replicas: 1
27 revisionHistoryLimit: 2
28 template:
29 metadata:
30 labels:
31 app: grafana
32 spec:
33 containers:
34 - name: gragana
35 image: grafana/grafana:5.0.0
36 imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
37 ports:
38 - containerPort: 3000
39 volumeMounts:
40 - mountPath: /var
41name: grafana-storage
42 env:
43 - name: GF_AUTH_BASIC_ENABLED
44 value: "false"
45 - name: GF_AUTH_ANONYMOUS_ENABLED
46 value: "true"
47 - name: GF_AUTH_ANONYMOUS_ORG_ROLE
48 value: Admin
49 - name: GF_SERVER_ROOT_URL
50# value: /api/v1/proxy/namespaces/default/services/grafana/
51 value: /
52 readinessProbe:
53 httpGet:
54path: /login
55 port: 3000
56 volumes:
57 - name: grafana-storage
58 emptyDir: {}
59 nodeSelector:
60 node-role.kubernetes.io/master: "true"
61# tolerations:
62# - key: "node-role.kubernetes.io/master"
63# effect: "NoSchedule"
64
4.3 确认验证
浏览器访问：http://172.24.8.71:30007，使用默认用户名admin/admin登录。4.4 配置数据源
Configuration ----> Data Sources。添加新数据源。如下添加Prometheus数据源，本环境基于《附012.Kubeadm部署高可用Kubernetes》部署的高可用Kubernetes，存在vip:172.24.8.100，也可使用3.7步骤所测试的Prometheus地址。保存并测试是否成功。4.5 配置Grafana
配置dashboard，本实验使用162号模板，此Dashboard 模板来展示 Kubernetes 集群的监控信息。选择4.4所添加的Prometheus数据源，用于展示。4.6 添加用户
可添加普通用户，并配置相应角色。复制登录链接：http://172.24.8.71:30007/invite/hlhkzz5O3dJj94OlHcKiqN8bPrZt40进入链接，设置新用户密码并登录：4.7 其他设置
建议对时区进行设置，其他Grafana更多配置参考：https://grafana.com/docs/grafana/latest/installation/configuration/4.8 查看监控
登录http://172.24.8.71:30007/，即可查看相应Kubernetes监控了。本方案参考链接：https://www.kubernetes.org.cn/4184.htmlhttps://www.kubernetes.org.cn/3418.htmlhttps://www.jianshu.com/p/c2e549480c50以上是 050.集群管理Prometheus+Grafana监控方案 的全部内容， 来源链接： utcz.com/z/514737.html
