java实现二叉树的常见操作
树型结构是最常见的非线性结构,其中二叉树最为常见。今天我主要就是用java来实现一下树的一些常见操作。
首先需要一个用来存储树节点值的javabean:
public class TreeBean {然后是树的节点bean:private int nodeValue;
public int getNodeValue() {
return nodeValue;
}
public void setNodeValue(int nodeValue) {
this.nodeValue = nodeValue;
}
}
public class TreeNode{最后是Tree的主体:private TreeBean data;
private TreeNode leftNode;
private TreeNode rightNode;
//构造函数
public TreeNode(){
data = new TreeBean();
}
public TreeBean getData() {
return data;
}
public void setData(TreeBean data) {
this.data = data;
}
public TreeNode getLeftNode() {
return leftNode;
}
public void setLeftNode(TreeNode leftNode) {
this.leftNode = leftNode;
}
public TreeNode getRightNode() {
return rightNode;
}
public void setRightNode(TreeNode rightNode) {
this.rightNode = rightNode;
}
}
public class Tree {可能会有地方写的不对,希望大家给指出。//树的根节点
private TreeNode root;
public TreeNode getRoot() {
return root;
}
public void setRoot(TreeNode root) {
this.root = root;
}
//无参构造函数
Tree(){}
Tree(int nodeValue){
root = new TreeNode();
TreeBean nodeBean = new TreeBean();
nodeBean.setNodeValue(nodeValue);
root.setData(nodeBean);
}
/**
* 销毁树,将树置空。
* @author letthinking
* @param tree
* @return
*/
public static Tree destroy(Tree tree){
return null;
}
/**
* 给树插入数据
* @author letthinking
* @param root
* @param node
*/
public void insert(TreeNode root,TreeNode node){
//如果根节点为空,则赋值给根节点
if(root == null){
root = node;
}else{
//该节点与它的双亲节点比较,如果小于双亲节点,就将它作为左孩子,否则为右孩子。
if(node.getData().getNodeValue() < root.getData().getNodeValue()){
//判断该节点是否为空,如果不为空就继续递归。
if(root.getLeftNode() == null){
root.setLeftNode(node);
}else{
insert(root.getLeftNode(),node);
}
}else{
if(root.getRightNode() == null){
root.setRightNode(node);
}else{
insert(root.getRightNode(),node);
}
}
}
}
/**
* 将树的所有节点清空
* @author letthinking
* @param root 树的根节点
*/
public void clearTree(TreeNode root){
if(root.getData() == null){
if(root.getLeftNode() != null){
clearTree(root.getLeftNode());
}
if(root.getRightNode() != null){
clearTree(root.getRightNode());
}
}else{
root.setData(null);
if(root.getLeftNode() != null){
clearTree(root.getLeftNode());
}
if(root.getRightNode() != null){
clearTree(root.getRightNode());
}
}
}
/**
* 前序遍历二叉树
* @author letthinking
* @param root
* @return
*/
public String middleIterator(TreeNode root){
StringBuilder str = new StringBuilder();
//判断节点是否为空
if(root == null){
return str.toString();
}else{
//输出节点的值
if(root.getData() != null){
str.append(root.getData().getNodeValue()+",");
}else{
str.append("null,");
}
//递归输出左孩子的值
str.append(middleIterator(root.getLeftNode()));
//递归输出右孩子的值
str.append(middleIterator(root.getRightNode()));
}
return str.toString();
}
/**
* 后序遍历二叉树
* @author letthinking
* @param root
* @return
*/
public String afterIterator(TreeNode root){
StringBuilder str = new StringBuilder();
//判断节点是否为空
if(root == null){
return str.toString();
}else{
//递归输出左孩子的值
str.append(afterIterator(root.getLeftNode()));
//递归输出右孩子的值
str.append(afterIterator(root.getRightNode()));
//输出节点的值
if(root.getData() != null){
str.append(root.getData().getNodeValue()+",");
}else{
str.append("null,");
}
}
return str.toString();
}
/**
* 求树的深度
* @author letthinking
* @param node
* @return
*/
public int treeDepth(TreeNode node){
//定义两个变量用来存储左深度和右深度
int leftDepth = 0;
int rightDepth = 0;
if(node == null){
return 0;
}else{
leftDepth = treeDepth(node.getLeftNode())+1;
rightDepth = treeDepth(node.getRightNode())+1;
}
//返回值最大的深度
return leftDepth>=rightDepth?leftDepth:rightDepth;
}
public static void main(String [] args){
//构造一个只有根节点的空树
Tree tree = new Tree(35);
//创建5个节点
TreeNode treeNode = new TreeNode();
treeNode.getData().setNodeValue(23);
TreeNode treeNode1 = new TreeNode();
treeNode1.getData().setNodeValue(56);
TreeNode treeNode2 = new TreeNode();
treeNode2.getData().setNodeValue(45);
TreeNode treeNode3 = new TreeNode();
treeNode3.getData().setNodeValue(12);
TreeNode treeNode4 = new TreeNode();
treeNode4.getData().setNodeValue(37);
TreeNode treeNode5 = new TreeNode();
treeNode5.getData().setNodeValue(19);
//插入树中
tree.insert(tree.root, treeNode);
tree.insert(tree.root, treeNode1);
tree.insert(tree.root, treeNode2);
tree.insert(tree.root, treeNode3);
tree.insert(tree.root, treeNode4);
tree.insert(tree.root, treeNode5);
//前序变量
String result = tree.middleIterator(tree.getRoot());
System.out.println(result);
//后序序变量
result = tree.afterIterator(tree.getRoot());
System.out.println(result);
//清空数所有节点的值
tree.clearTree(tree.getRoot());
result = tree.middleIterator(tree.getRoot());
System.out.println(result);
//得到树的深度
System.out.println(tree.treeDepth(tree.getRoot()));
}
}
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