python3.7之12306抢票脚本实现
悲催的12306，彻底沦为各路抢票软件的服务提供方。元旦伊始，纯粹12306官网及APP抢票，愈一周的时间，仅到手一张凌晨3:55回家的站票。为远离脑残，无奈选择抢票软件，预购年后返沪车票。BTW，研究一下抢票脚本的实现思路，参考：（https://juejin.im/post/5b116504f265da6e0636cbc2 - Python3.6实现12306火车票自动抢票）。
在原作者之上，对执行代码做了以下处理：
- 删除短信/邮件通知功能
- 删除控制台输入功能
- 新增登陆cookie的刷新
- 新增多车次抢票
- 新增多座位类型抢票
注：使用 splinter.browser 在调用时，注意将 chrome驱动路径（chromedriver.exe所在）配置在环境变量 - path 下。
代码如下：
#!/usr/bin/env python# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from splinter.browser import Browser
from time import sleep
import sys
class BrushTicket(object):
"""买票类及实现方法"""
def __init__(self, passengers, from_time, from_station, to_station, number_seat):
"""定义实例属性，初始化"""
# 乘客姓名
self.passengers = passengers
# 起始站和终点站
self.from_station = from_station
self.to_station = to_station
# 乘车日期
self.from_time = from_time
# 车次 - 座位 dict
num_seat_dic = {}
for num_seat in number_seat:
use = num_seat.split(\':\')
num = use[0]
seats = use[1]
seats_use = seats.split(\',\')
seat_str = \'\'
for seat in seats_use:
# 座位类型所在td位置
if seat == \'商务座特等座\':
seat_type_index = 1
seat_type_value = 9
elif seat == \'一等座\':
seat_type_index = 2
seat_type_value = \'M\'
elif seat == \'二等座\':
seat_type_index = 3
seat_type_value = 0
elif seat == \'高级软卧\':
seat_type_index = 4
seat_type_value = 6
elif seat == \'软卧\':
seat_type_index = 5
seat_type_value = 4
elif seat == \'动卧\':
seat_type_index = 6
seat_type_value = \'F\'
elif seat == \'硬卧\':
seat_type_index = 7
seat_type_value = 3
elif seat == \'软座\':
seat_type_index = 8
seat_type_value = 2
elif seat == \'硬座\':
seat_type_index = 9
seat_type_value = 1
elif seat == \'无座\':
seat_type_index = 10
seat_type_value = 1
elif seat == \'其他\':
seat_type_index = 11
seat_type_value = 1
else:
seat_type_index = 7
seat_type_value = 3
seat_str += (str(seat_type_index) + \'-\' + str(seat_type_value) + \',\')
num_seat_dic[num] = seat_str
self.num_seat_dic = num_seat_dic
# 新版12306官网主要页面网址
self.login_url = \'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/login.html\'
self.init_my_url = \'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/view/index.html\'
self.ticket_url = \'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/init?linktypeid=dc\'
# 浏览器驱动信息，驱动下载页：https://sites.google.com/a/chromium.org/chromedriver/downloads
self.driver_name = \'chrome\'
self.driver = Browser("chrome")
def do_login(self):
"""登录功能实现，手动识别验证码进行登录"""
self.driver.visit(self.login_url)
sleep(1)
# 选择登陆方式登陆
print(\'请扫码登陆或者账号登陆……\')
while True:
if self.driver.url != self.init_my_url:
sleep(1)
else:
break
def start_brush(self):
"""买票功能实现"""
# 浏览器窗口最大化
self.driver.driver.maximize_window()
# 登陆
self.do_login()
# 跳转到抢票页面
self.driver.visit(self.ticket_url)
try:
print(\'开始刷票……\')
# 加载车票查询信息
self.driver.cookies.add({"_jc_save_fromStation": self.from_station})
self.driver.cookies.add({"_jc_save_toStation": self.to_station})
self.driver.cookies.add({"_jc_save_fromDate": self.from_time})
self.driver.reload()
count = 0
while self.driver.url == self.ticket_url:
self.driver.find_by_text(\'查询\').click()
sleep(1)
count += 1
print(\'第%d次点击查询……\' % count)
if count % 50 == 0:
self.driver.find_by_id(\'login_user\').click()
sleep(1)
self.driver.visit(self.ticket_url)
sleep(1)
print(\'继续刷票......\')
# 加载车票查询信息
self.driver.cookies.add({"_jc_save_fromStation": self.from_station})
self.driver.cookies.add({"_jc_save_toStation": self.to_station})
self.driver.cookies.add({"_jc_save_fromDate": self.from_time})
self.driver.reload()
if self.driver.url == self.ticket_url:
continue
try:
# 多车次处理
for bander in self.num_seat_dic.keys():
current_tr = self.driver.find_by_xpath(\'//tr[@datatran="\' + bander + \'"]/preceding-sibling::tr[1]\')
if current_tr:
# 多座次处理
seat_value = self.num_seat_dic[bander]
seat_split = seat_value.split(\',\')
for seat in seat_split:
if seat:
seat_type = seat.split(\'-\')
seat_type_index = int(seat_type[0])
seat_type_value = int(seat_type[1])
if current_tr.find_by_tag(\'td\')[seat_type_index].text == \'--\':
print(bander + \' 还未出售\')
sleep(1)
elif current_tr.find_by_tag(\'td\')[seat_type_index].text == \'无\':
print(bander + \' 无票，继续尝试……\')
sleep(1)
else:
# 有票，尝试预订
print(bander + \' 刷到票了（余票数：\' + str(
current_tr.find_by_tag(\'td\')[seat_type_index].text) + \'），开始尝试预订……\')
current_tr.find_by_css(\'td.no-br>a\')[0].click()
sleep(1)
key_value = 1
for p in self.passengers:
# 选择用户
print(\'开始选择用户……\')
self.driver.find_by_text(p).last.click()
# 选择座位类型
print(\'开始选择席别……\')
if seat_type_value != 0:
self.driver.find_by_xpath(
"//select[@id=\'seatType_" + str(key_value) + "\']/option[@value=\'" + str(
seat_type_value) + "\']").first.click()
key_value += 1
sleep(0.2)
if p[-1] == \')\':
self.driver.find_by_id(\'dialog_xsertcj_ok\').click()
print(\'正在提交订单……\')
self.driver.find_by_id(\'submitOrder_id\').click()
sleep(2)
# 查看放回结果是否正常
submit_false_info = self.driver.find_by_id(\'orderResultInfo_id\')[0].text
if submit_false_info != \'\':
print(submit_false_info)
self.driver.find_by_id(\'qr_closeTranforDialog_id\').click()
sleep(0.2)
self.driver.find_by_id(\'preStep_id\').click()
sleep(0.3)
continue
print(\'正在确认订单……\')
self.driver.find_by_id(\'qr_submit_id\').click()
print(\'预订成功，请及时前往支付……\')
else:
print(\'不存在当前车次【%s】，已结束当前刷票，请重新开启！\' % self.number)
sys.exit(1)
except Exception as error_info:
print(error_info)
except Exception as error_info:
print(error_info)
if __name__ == \'__main__\':
# nya
passengers=[\'***\'] # 用户名
from_time=\'2019-02-01\' # 出发日期
from_station=\'%u4E0A%u6D77%2CSHH\' # 起始站点 - 来自12306 余票查询 请求 - cookie （此处 - 上海）
to_station=\'%u6C11%u6743%2CMQF\' # 结束站点 （此处 - 民权）
number_seat=[\'K4054:硬座,无座\',\'K4168:硬座,无座\'] # 车次：座位类型
# 开始抢票
ticket = BrushTicket(passengers, from_time, from_station, to_station, number_seat)
ticket.start_brush()
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