React 生命周期介绍

react

[组件生命周期]

一、理论

  组件本质上是状态机,输入确定,输出一定确定

  生命周期的三个阶段,三者时间是不固定的,只是在逻辑上的分类:

 

二、初始化阶段:

  getDefaultProps:获取实例的默认属性(即使没有生成实例,组件的第一个实例被初始化CreateClass的时候调用,只调用一次,)

  getInitialState:获取每个实例的初始化状态(每个实例自己维护)

  componentWillMount:组件即将被装载、渲染到页面上(render之前最好一次修改状态的机会)

  render:组件在这里生成虚拟的DOM节点(只能访问this.props和this.state;只有一个顶层组件,也就是说render返回值值职能是一个组件;不允许修改状态和DOM输出)

  componentDidMount:组件真正在被装载之后,可以修改DOM

 

三、运行中状态: 

  componentWillReceiveProps:组件将要接收到属性的时候调用(赶在父组件修改真正发生之前,可以修改属性和状态)

  shouldComponentUpdate:组件接受到新属性或者新状态的时候(可以返回false,接收数据后不更新,阻止render调用,后面的函数不会被继续执行了)

  componentWillUpdate:不能修改属性和状态

  render:只能访问this.props和this.state;只有一个顶层组件,也就是说render返回值只能是一个组件;不允许修改状态和DOM输出

  componentDidUpdate:可以修改DOM

四、销毁阶段:

  componentWillUnmount:开发者需要来销毁(组件真正删除之前调用,比如计时器和事件监听器)

五、demo查看:

  5.1 简单查看组件的初始化阶段的各个方法

  

 1 <!DOCTYPE html>

2 <html>

3 <head>

4 <meta http-equiv='Content-type' content='text/html; charset=utf-8'>

5 <title>daomul's example</title>

6 <link rel="stylesheet" href="../shared/css/base.css" />

7 </head>

8 <body>

9 <h1>Text demo</h1>

10 <div id="container">

11

12 </div>

13

14 <script src="../shared/thirdparty/es5-shim.min.js"></script>

15 <script src="../shared/thirdparty/es5-sham.min.js"></script>

16 <script src="../shared/thirdparty/console-polyfill.js"></script>

17 <script src="../../build/react.js"></script>

18 <script src="../../build/JSXTransformer.js"></script>

19 <script type="text/jsx">

20

21 var style = {

22 color : "red",

23 border : "1px #000 solid",

24 };

25

26 var TextClass = React.createClass({

27 getDefaultProps:function(){

28 console.log("getDefaultProps,1");

29 },

30 getInitialState:function(){

31 console.log("getInitialState,2");

32 return null;

33 },

34 componentWillMount:function(){

35 console.log("componmentWillMount,3");

36 },

37 render:function(){

38 console.log("render,4");

39 return <p ref = "childp">Hello{(function (obj){

40 if (obj.props.name)

41 return obj.props.name

42 else

43 return "World"

44 })(this)} </p>;

45 },

46 componentDidMount:function(){

47 console.log("componmentDidMount,5");

48 },

49 });

50

51 React.render(<div style = {style}> <TextClass></TextClass> </div>,document.body);

52

53 </script>

54 </body>

55 </html>

  5.2  运行阶段的函数

 1 <!DOCTYPE html>

2 <html>

3 <head>

4 <meta http-equiv='Content-type' content='text/html; charset=utf-8'>

5 <title>daomul's example</title>

6 <link rel="stylesheet" href="../shared/css/base.css" />

7 </head>

8 <body>

9 <h1>Text demo</h1>

10 <div id="container">

11

12 </div>

13

14 <script src="../shared/thirdparty/es5-shim.min.js"></script>

15 <script src="../shared/thirdparty/es5-sham.min.js"></script>

16 <script src="../shared/thirdparty/console-polyfill.js"></script>

17 <script src="../../build/react.js"></script>

18 <script src="../../build/JSXTransformer.js"></script>

19 <script type="text/jsx">

20

21 var style = {

22 color : "red",

23 border : "1px #000 solid",

24 };

25

26 var TextClass = React.createClass({

27 componentWillReceiveProps:function(newProps){

28 console.log("componentWillReciveProps,1");

29 console.log(newProps);

30 },

31 shouldComponentUpdate:function(){

32 console.log("shouldComponentUdate,2");return true;

33 },

34 componentWillUpdate:function(){

35 console.log("componentWillUpdate,3");

36 },

37 render:function(){

38 console.log("render,4");

39 return <p>hello:{this.props.name ? this.props.name : "world!"}</p>;

40 },

41 componentDidUpdate:function(){

42 console.log("componentDidUpadate,5");

43 },

44 });

45 var TextSourceClass = React.createClass({

46 getInitialState:function(){

47 return {name :''};

48 },

49 handleChange:function(event){

50 this.setState({name : event.target.value});

51 },

52 render:function(){

53 return <div>

54 <TextClass name = {this.state.name}></TextClass>

55 <br/><input type="text"onChange = {this.handleChange}/>

56 </div>;

57 },

58 });

59

60 React.render(<div style = {style}> <TextSourceClass></TextSourceClass> </div>,document.body);

61

62 </script>

63 </body>

64 </html>

  5.3 销毁阶段

 1 <!DOCTYPE html>

2 <html>

3 <head>

4 <meta http-equiv='Content-type' content='text/html; charset=utf-8'>

5 <title>daomul's example</title>

6 <link rel="stylesheet" href="../shared/css/base.css" />

7 </head>

8 <body>

9 <h1>Text demo</h1>

10 <div id="container">

11

12 </div>

13

14 <script src="../shared/thirdparty/es5-shim.min.js"></script>

15 <script src="../shared/thirdparty/es5-sham.min.js"></script>

16 <script src="../shared/thirdparty/console-polyfill.js"></script>

17 <script src="../../build/react.js"></script>

18 <script src="../../build/JSXTransformer.js"></script>

19 <script type="text/jsx">

20

21 var style = {

22 color : "red",

23 border : "1px #000 solid",

24 };

25

26 var TextClass = React.createClass({

27

28 render:function(){

29 console.log("render,4");

30 return <p>hello:{this.props.name ? this.props.name : "world!"}</p>;

31 },

32 componentDidUpdate:function(){

33 console.log("componentDidUpadate,5");

34 },

35 });

36 var TextSourceClass = React.createClass({

37 getInitialState:function(){

38 return {name :''};

39 },

40 handleChange:function(event){

41 this.setState({name : event.target.value});

42 },

43 render:function(){

44 if(this.state.name == "1"){

45 return <div>123</div>;

46 }

47 return <div>

48 <TextClass name = {this.state.name}></TextClass>

49 <br/><input type="text"onChange = {this.handleChange}/>

50 </div>;

51 },

52 });

53

54 React.render(<div style = {style}> <TextSourceClass></TextSourceClass> </div>,document.body);

55

56 </script>

57 </body>

58 </html>

 

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