Spring学习(十六)----- Spring AOP实例(Pointcut(切点),Advisor)

本文内容纲要:Spring学习(十六)----- Spring AOP实例(Pointcut(切点),Advisor)

在上一个Spring AOP通知的例子,一个类的整个方法被自动拦截。但在大多数情况下,可能只需要一种方式来拦截一个或两个方法,这就是为什么引入'切入点'的原因。它允许你通过它的方法名来拦截方法。另外,一个“切入点”必须具有“Advisor' 相关联。

在Spring AOP中,有三个非常专业术语- Advices, Pointcut , Advisor,把它在非官方的方式...

  • Advice(通知) – 指示之前或方法执行后采取的行动。
  • Pointcut(切点)– 指明哪些方法应该拦截,通过方法的名称或正则表达式模式。
  • Advisor – 分组"通知"和”切点“成为一个单元,并把它传递到代理工厂对象。

再次回顾上一个 Spring AOP通知的例子。

File : CustomerService.java

package com.yiibai.customer.services;

public class CustomerService

{

private String name;

private String url;

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

}

public void setUrl(String url) {

this.url = url;

}

public void printName(){

System.out.println("Customer name : " + this.name);

}

public void printURL(){

System.out.println("Customer website : " + this.url);

}

public void printThrowException(){

throw new IllegalArgumentException();

}

}

File : applicationContext.xml

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">

<bean id="customerService" class="com.yiibai.customer.services.CustomerService">

<property name="name" value="Yong Mook Kim" />

<property name="url" value="http://www.yiibai.com" />

</bean>

<bean id="hijackAroundMethodBeanAdvice" class="com.yiibai.aop.HijackAroundMethod" />

<bean id="customerServiceProxy"

class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">

<property name="target" ref="customerService" />

<property name="interceptorNames">

<list>

<value>hijackAroundMethodBeanAdvice</value>

</list>

</property>

</bean>

</beans>

File : HijackAroundMethod.java

package com.yiibai.aop;

import java.util.Arrays;

import org.aopalliance.intercept.MethodInterceptor;

import org.aopalliance.intercept.MethodInvocation;

public class HijackAroundMethod implements MethodInterceptor {

@Override

public Object invoke(MethodInvocation methodInvocation) throws Throwable {

System.out.println("Method name : "

+ methodInvocation.getMethod().getName());

System.out.println("Method arguments : "

+ Arrays.toString(methodInvocation.getArguments()));

System.out.println("HijackAroundMethod : Before method hijacked!");

try {

Object result = methodInvocation.proceed();

System.out.println("HijackAroundMethod : Before after hijacked!");

return result;

} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {

System.out.println("HijackAroundMethod : Throw exception hijacked!");

throw e;

}

}

}

执行它

package com.yiibai.common;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;

import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.yiibai.customer.services.CustomerService;

public class App {

public static void main(String[] args) {

ApplicationContext appContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(

new String[] { "applicationContext.xml" });

CustomerService cust = (CustomerService) appContext

.getBean("customerServiceProxy");

System.out.println("*************************");

cust.printName();

System.out.println("*************************");

cust.printURL();

System.out.println("*************************");

try {

cust.printThrowException();

} catch (Exception e) {

}

}

}

输出

*************************

Method name : printName

Method arguments : []

HijackAroundMethod : Before method hijacked!

Customer name : Yiibai

HijackAroundMethod : Before after hijacked!

*************************

Method name : printURL

Method arguments : []

HijackAroundMethod : Before method hijacked!

Customer website : http://www.yiibai.com

HijackAroundMethod : Before after hijacked!

*************************

Method name : printThrowException

Method arguments : []

HijackAroundMethod : Before method hijacked!

HijackAroundMethod : Throw exception hijacked!

客户服务类的全部方法被截获。后来,我们展示如何使用“切入点”只拦截printName()方法。

切入点的例子

可以通过以下两种方式相匹配的方法:

  1. 名称匹配
  2. 正则表达式匹配

1.切入点 - 名称匹配的例子

通过“切入点”和“advisor”拦截printName()方法。创建NameMatchMethodPointcut切入点bean,并提出要在“mappedName”属性值来拦截方法名。

<bean id="customerPointcut"

class="org.springframework.aop.support.NameMatchMethodPointcut">

<property name="mappedName" value="printName" />

</bean>

创建 DefaultPointcutAdvisor 通知 bean,通知和切入点相关联。

<bean id="customerAdvisor"

class="org.springframework.aop.support.DefaultPointcutAdvisor">

<property name="pointcut" ref="customerPointcut" />

<property name="advice" ref="hijackAroundMethodBeanAdvice" />

</bean>

更换代理“interceptorNames”到“customerAdvisor”(它是“hijackAroundMethodBeanAdvice”)。

<bean id="customerServiceProxy"

class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">

<property name="target" ref="customerService" />

<property name="interceptorNames">

<list>

<value>customerAdvisor</value>

</list>

</property>

</bean>

全部bean配置文件

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">

<bean id="customerService" class="com.yiibai.customer.services.CustomerService">

<property name="name" value="Yiibai" />

<property name="url" value="http://www.yiibai.com" />

</bean>

<bean id="hijackAroundMethodBeanAdvice" class="com.yiibai.aop.HijackAroundMethod" />

<bean id="customerServiceProxy"

class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">

<property name="target" ref="customerService" />

<property name="interceptorNames">

<list>

<value>customerAdvisor</value>

</list>

</property>

</bean>

<bean id="customerPointcut"

class="org.springframework.aop.support.NameMatchMethodPointcut">

<property name="mappedName" value="printName" />

</bean>

<bean id="customerAdvisor"

class="org.springframework.aop.support.DefaultPointcutAdvisor">

<property name="pointcut" ref="customerPointcut" />

<property name="advice" ref="hijackAroundMethodBeanAdvice" />

</bean>

</beans>

再次运行,输出

*************************

Method name : printName

Method arguments : []

HijackAroundMethod : Before method hijacked!

Customer name : Yiibai

HijackAroundMethod : Before after hijacked!

*************************

Customer website : http://www.yiibai.com

*************************

现在,只拦截 printName()方法。

PointcutAdvisor

Spring提供了PointcutAdvisor类来保存工作声明advisor和切入点到不同的bean,可以使用 NameMatchMethodPointcutAdvisor 两者结合成一个 bean。

<bean id="customerAdvisor"

class="org.springframework.aop.support.NameMatchMethodPointcutAdvisor">

<property name="mappedName" value="printName" />

<property name="advice" ref="hijackAroundMethodBeanAdvice" />

</bean>

2.切入点 - 正则表达式的例子

也可以通过使用正则表达式匹配切入点方法的名称 – RegexpMethodPointcutAdvisor.

<bean id="customerAdvisor"

class="org.springframework.aop.support.RegexpMethodPointcutAdvisor">

<property name="patterns">

<list>

<value>.*URL.*</value>

</list>

</property>

<property name="advice" ref="hijackAroundMethodBeanAdvice" />

</bean>

现在,它拦截方法名称中有“URL”的方法。在实践中,可以用它来管理DAO层,声明“.*DAO.*” 拦截所有的DAO类来支持事务。

本文内容总结:Spring学习(十六)----- Spring AOP实例(Pointcut(切点),Advisor)

原文链接:https://www.cnblogs.com/zy-jiayou/p/7735634.html

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