详解spring boot集成ehcache 2.x 用于hibernate二级缓存

  • Z时代
  • 2024-01-10
  • 分类：综合

本文将介绍如何在spring boot中集成ehcache作为hibernate的二级缓存。各个框架版本如下

  1. spring boot：1.4.3.RELEASE

  2. spring framework: 4.3.5.RELEASE

  3. hibernate：5.0.1.Final（spring-boot-starter-data-jpa默认依赖）

  4. ehcache：2.10.3

项目依赖

<dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-cache</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
 <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
 <artifactId>hibernate-ehcache</artifactId>
 <exclusions>
  <exclusion>
   <groupId>net.sf.ehcache</groupId>
   <artifactId>ehcache-core</artifactId>
  </exclusion>
 </exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
 <groupId>net.sf.ehcache</groupId>
 <artifactId>ehcache</artifactId>
 <version>2.10.3</version>
</dependency>

Ehcache简介

ehcache是一个纯Java的缓存框架，既可以当做一个通用缓存使用，也可以作为将其作为hibernate的二级缓存使用。缓存数据可选择如下三种存储方案

  1. MemoryStore – On-heap memory used to hold cache elements. This tier is subject to Java garbage collection.

  2. OffHeapStore – Provides overflow capacity to the MemoryStore. Limited in size only by available RAM. Not subject to Java garbage collection (GC). Available only with Terracotta BigMemory products.

  3. DiskStore – Backs up in-memory cache elements and provides overflow capacity to the other tiers.

hibernate二级缓存配置

hibernate的二级缓存支持entity和query层面的缓存，org.hibernate.cache.spi.RegionFactory各类可插拔的缓存提供商与hibernate的集成。

# 打开hibernate统计信息
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.generate_statistics=true
# 打开二级缓存
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.cache.use_second_level_cache=true
# 打开查询缓存
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.cache.use_query_cache=true
# 指定缓存provider
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.cache.region.factory_class=org.hibernate.cache.ehcache.SingletonEhCacheRegionFactory
# 配置shared-cache-mode
spring.jpa.properties.javax.persistence.sharedCache.mode=ENABLE_SELECTIVE

关于hibernate缓存相关的所有配置可参考hibernate5.0官方文档#缓存

ehcache配置文件

ehcache 2.x配置文件样板参考官方网站提供的ehcache.xml。本例中使用的配置文件如下所示

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<ehcache xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="http://www.ehcache.org/ehcache.xsd"
  updateCheck="true" monitoring="autodetect"
  dynamicConfig="true">
 <diskStore path="user.dir/cache"/>
 <transactionManagerLookup class="net.sf.ehcache.transaction.manager.DefaultTransactionManagerLookup"
        properties="jndiName=java:/TransactionManager" propertySeparator=";"/>
 <cacheManagerEventListenerFactory class="com.yangyi.base.ehcache.CustomerCacheManagerEventListenerFactory" properties=""/>
 <defaultCache
  maxEntriesLocalHeap="0"
  eternal="false"
  timeToIdleSeconds="1200"
  timeToLiveSeconds="1200">
  <!--<terracotta/>-->
 </defaultCache>
 <cache name="entityCache"
   maxEntriesLocalHeap="1000"
   maxEntriesLocalDisk="10000"
   eternal="false"
   diskSpoolBufferSizeMB="20"
   timeToIdleSeconds="10"
   timeToLiveSeconds="20"
   memoryStoreEvictionPolicy="LFU"
   transactionalMode="off">
  <persistence strategy="localTempSwap"/>
  <cacheEventListenerFactory class="com.yangyi.base.ehcache.CustomerCacheEventListenerFactory" />
 </cache>
 <cache name="org.hibernate.cache.internal.StandardQueryCache"
   maxEntriesLocalHeap="5" eternal="false" timeToLiveSeconds="120">
  <persistence strategy="localTempSwap" />
  <cacheEventListenerFactory class="com.yangyi.base.ehcache.CustomerCacheEventListenerFactory" />
 </cache>
 <cache name="org.hibernate.cache.spi.UpdateTimestampsCache"
   maxEntriesLocalHeap="5000" eternal="true">
  <persistence strategy="localTempSwap" />
  <cacheEventListenerFactory class="com.yangyi.base.ehcache.CustomerCacheEventListenerFactory" />
 </cache>
</ehcache>

ehcache事件监听

在ehcache中，有两大类事件，一是cacheManager相关的事件，如cache的init/added等；二是cahche相关的事件，如cache put/expire等。在ehcache中，默认没有这两类事件的监听器，需要自主实现监听器以及监听器工厂类，然后配置到ehcache.xml中，方可生效。

上述ehcache.xml配置中，给自定义cache都配置了cacheEventListenerFactory，用于监听缓存事件。同时也配置了cacheManager Factory实现类。具体实现代码如下

CacheManagerEventListener简单实现

package com.yangyi.base.ehcache;
import net.sf.ehcache.CacheException;
import net.sf.ehcache.CacheManager;
import net.sf.ehcache.Status;
import net.sf.ehcache.event.CacheManagerEventListener;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
/**
 * ehcache customer cacheManagerEventListener
 * Created by yangjinfeng on 2017/1/5.
 */
public class CustomerCacheManagerEventListener implements CacheManagerEventListener {
 private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
 private final CacheManager cacheManager;
 public CustomerCacheManagerEventListener(CacheManager cacheManager) {
  this.cacheManager = cacheManager;
 }
 @Override
 public void init() throws CacheException {
  logger.info("init ehcache...");
 }
 @Override
 public Status getStatus() {
  return null;
 }
 @Override
 public void dispose() throws CacheException {
  logger.info("ehcache dispose...");
 }
 @Override
 public void notifyCacheAdded(String s) {
  logger.info("cacheAdded... {}", s);
  logger.info(cacheManager.getCache(s).toString());
 }
 @Override
 public void notifyCacheRemoved(String s) {
 }
}

CacheManagerEventListenerFactory的简单实现

package com.yangyi.base.ehcache;
import net.sf.ehcache.CacheManager;
import net.sf.ehcache.event.CacheManagerEventListener;
import net.sf.ehcache.event.CacheManagerEventListenerFactory;
import java.util.Properties;
/**
 * Created by yangjinfeng on 2017/1/5.
 */
public class CustomerCacheManagerEventListenerFactory extends CacheManagerEventListenerFactory {
 @Override
 public CacheManagerEventListener createCacheManagerEventListener(CacheManager cacheManager, Properties properties) {
  return new CustomerCacheManagerEventListener(cacheManager);
 }
}

CacheEventListener的简单实现

package com.yangyi.base.ehcache;
import net.sf.ehcache.CacheException;
import net.sf.ehcache.Ehcache;
import net.sf.ehcache.Element;
import net.sf.ehcache.event.CacheEventListener;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
/**
 * Created by yangjinfeng on 2017/1/5.
 */
public class CustomerCacheEventListener implements CacheEventListener {
 private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
 @Override
 public void notifyElementRemoved(Ehcache ehcache, Element element) throws CacheException {
  logger.info("cache removed. key = {}, value = {}", element.getObjectKey(), element.getObjectValue());
 }
 @Override
 public void notifyElementPut(Ehcache ehcache, Element element) throws CacheException {
  logger.info("cache put. key = {}, value = {}", element.getObjectKey(), element.getObjectValue());
 }
 @Override
 public void notifyElementUpdated(Ehcache ehcache, Element element) throws CacheException {
  logger.info("cache updated. key = {}, value = {}", element.getObjectKey(), element.getObjectValue());
 }
 @Override
 public void notifyElementExpired(Ehcache ehcache, Element element) {
  logger.info("cache expired. key = {}, value = {}", element.getObjectKey(), element.getObjectValue());
 }
 @Override
 public void notifyElementEvicted(Ehcache ehcache, Element element) {
  logger.info("cache evicted. key = {}, value = {}", element.getObjectKey(), element.getObjectValue());
 }
 @Override
 public void notifyRemoveAll(Ehcache ehcache) {
  logger.info("all elements removed. cache name = {}", ehcache.getName());
 }
 @Override
 public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
  throw new CloneNotSupportedException();
 }
 @Override
 public void dispose() {
  logger.info("cache dispose.");
 }
}

CacheEventListenerFactory的简单实现

package com.yangyi.base.ehcache;
import net.sf.ehcache.event.CacheEventListener;
import net.sf.ehcache.event.CacheEventListenerFactory;
import java.util.Properties;
/**
 * Created by yangjinfeng on 2017/1/5.
 */
public class CustomerCacheEventListenerFactory extends CacheEventListenerFactory {
 @Override
 public CacheEventListener createCacheEventListener(Properties properties) {
  return new CustomerCacheEventListener();
 }
}

完成上述事件监听器的实现和配置后，我们可以启动应用，查看下相应事件监听器中输出的log，以验证是否生效

2017-01-07 10:27:07.810 INFO 4264 --- [   main] com.yangyi.Application     : Starting Application on yangjinfeng-pc with PID 4264 (E:\JavaWorkSpace\spring-boot-ehcache3-hibernate5-jcache\target\classes started by yangjinfeng in E:\JavaWorkSpace\spring-boot-ehcache3-hibernate5-jcache)
2017-01-07 10:27:07.810 INFO 4264 --- [   main] com.yangyi.Application     : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default
2017-01-07 10:27:07.865 INFO 4264 --- [   main] ationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext : Refreshing org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext@2ef3eef9: startup date [Sat Jan 07 10:27:07 CST 2017]; root of context hierarchy
2017-01-07 10:27:09.155 INFO 4264 --- [   main] trationDelegate$BeanPostProcessorChecker : Bean 'org.springframework.transaction.annotation.ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration' of type [class org.springframework.transaction.annotation.ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$6eb4eae9] is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying)
2017-01-07 10:27:09.191 INFO 4264 --- [   main] trationDelegate$BeanPostProcessorChecker : Bean 'org.springframework.cache.annotation.ProxyCachingConfiguration' of type [class org.springframework.cache.annotation.ProxyCachingConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$b7c72107] is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying)
2017-01-07 10:27:09.206 INFO 4264 --- [   main] trationDelegate$BeanPostProcessorChecker : Bean 'org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.CacheAutoConfiguration' of type [class org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.CacheAutoConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$ac3ae5ab] is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying)
2017-01-07 10:27:09.285 INFO 4264 --- [   main] trationDelegate$BeanPostProcessorChecker : Bean 'spring.cache-org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.CacheProperties' of type [class org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.CacheProperties] is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying)
2017-01-07 10:27:09.291 INFO 4264 --- [   main] trationDelegate$BeanPostProcessorChecker : Bean 'org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.CacheManagerCustomizers' of type [class org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.CacheManagerCustomizers] is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying)
2017-01-07 10:27:09.293 INFO 4264 --- [   main] trationDelegate$BeanPostProcessorChecker : Bean 'org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.EhCacheCacheConfiguration' of type [class org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.EhCacheCacheConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$46d9b2a9] is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying)
2017-01-07 10:27:09.418 INFO 4264 --- [   main] .y.b.e.CustomerCacheManagerEventListener : init ehcache...
2017-01-07 10:27:09.487 INFO 4264 --- [   main] .y.b.e.CustomerCacheManagerEventListener : cacheAdded... org.hibernate.cache.spi.UpdateTimestampsCache
2017-01-07 10:27:09.487 INFO 4264 --- [   main] .y.b.e.CustomerCacheManagerEventListener : [ name = org.hibernate.cache.spi.UpdateTimestampsCache status = STATUS_ALIVE eternal = true overflowToDisk = true maxEntriesLocalHeap = 5000 maxEntriesLocalDisk = 0 memoryStoreEvictionPolicy = LRU timeToLiveSeconds = 0 timeToIdleSeconds = 0 persistence = LOCALTEMPSWAP diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds = 120 cacheEventListeners: com.yangyi.base.ehcache.CustomerCacheEventListener ; orderedCacheEventListeners: maxBytesLocalHeap = 0 overflowToOffHeap = false maxBytesLocalOffHeap = 0 maxBytesLocalDisk = 0 pinned = false ]
2017-01-07 10:27:09.487 INFO 4264 --- [   main] .y.b.e.CustomerCacheManagerEventListener : cacheAdded... org.hibernate.cache.internal.StandardQueryCache
2017-01-07 10:27:09.487 INFO 4264 --- [   main] .y.b.e.CustomerCacheManagerEventListener : [ name = org.hibernate.cache.internal.StandardQueryCache status = STATUS_ALIVE eternal = false overflowToDisk = true maxEntriesLocalHeap = 5 maxEntriesLocalDisk = 0 memoryStoreEvictionPolicy = LRU timeToLiveSeconds = 120 timeToIdleSeconds = 0 persistence = LOCALTEMPSWAP diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds = 120 cacheEventListeners: com.yangyi.base.ehcache.CustomerCacheEventListener ; orderedCacheEventListeners: maxBytesLocalHeap = 0 overflowToOffHeap = false maxBytesLocalOffHeap = 0 maxBytesLocalDisk = 0 pinned = false ]
2017-01-07 10:27:09.503 INFO 4264 --- [   main] .y.b.e.CustomerCacheManagerEventListener : cacheAdded... entityCache
2017-01-07 10:27:09.503 INFO 4264 --- [   main] .y.b.e.CustomerCacheManagerEventListener : [ name = entityCache status = STATUS_ALIVE eternal = false overflowToDisk = true maxEntriesLocalHeap = 1000 maxEntriesLocalDisk = 10000 memoryStoreEvictionPolicy = LFU timeToLiveSeconds = 20 timeToIdleSeconds = 10 persistence = LOCALTEMPSWAP diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds = 120 cacheEventListeners: com.yangyi.base.ehcache.CustomerCacheEventListener ; orderedCacheEventListeners: maxBytesLocalHeap = 0 overflowToOffHeap = false maxBytesLocalOffHeap = 0 maxBytesLocalDisk = 0 pinned = false ]
2017-01-07 10:27:09.503 INFO 4264 --- [   main] trationDelegate$BeanPostProcessorChecker : Bean 'ehCacheCacheManager' of type [class net.sf.ehcache.CacheManager] is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying)
2017-01-07 10:27:09.503 INFO 4264 --- [   main] trationDelegate$BeanPostProcessorChecker : Bean 'cacheManager' of type [class org.springframework.cache.ehcache.EhCacheCacheManager] is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying)
2017-01-07 10:27:09.503 INFO 4264 --- [   main] trationDelegate$BeanPostProcessorChecker : Bean 'cacheAutoConfigurationValidator' of type [class org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.CacheAutoConfiguration$CacheManagerValidator] is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying)
2017-01-07 10:27:09.829 INFO 4264 --- [   main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http)
2017-01-07 10:27:09.839 INFO 4264 --- [   main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService : Starting service Tomcat
2017-01-07 10:27:09.839 INFO 4264 --- [   main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine : Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/8.5.6
2017-01-07 10:27:09.924 INFO 4264 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]  : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
2017-01-07 10:27:09.924 INFO 4264 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.web.context.ContextLoader   : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 2061 ms
2017-01-07 10:32:41.876 INFO 4264 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.y.b.e.CustomerCacheEventListener  : cache put. key = com.yangyi.entity.User#1, value = org.hibernate.cache.ehcache.internal.strategy.AbstractReadWriteEhcacheAccessStrategy$Item@1c13194d
2017-01-07 10:32:41.877 INFO 4264 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.y.b.e.CustomerCacheEventListener  : cache put. key = com.yangyi.entity.Authority#1, value = org.hibernate.cache.ehcache.internal.strategy.AbstractReadWriteEhcacheAccessStrategy$Item@2accc177
2017-01-07 10:32:41.878 INFO 4264 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.y.b.e.CustomerCacheEventListener  : cache put. key = com.yangyi.entity.Authority#2, value = org.hibernate.cache.ehcache.internal.strategy.AbstractReadWriteEhcacheAccessStrategy$Item@2b3b9c7e
2017-01-07 10:32:41.879 INFO 4264 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.y.b.e.CustomerCacheEventListener  : cache put. key = com.yangyi.entity.Authority#3, value = org.hibernate.cache.ehcache.internal.strategy.AbstractReadWriteEhcacheAccessStrategy$Item@4c31e58c

注解方式使用二级缓存

要使用entity cache，需要在entity上配上相应的注解方可生效。javax.persistence.Cacheable注解标记该entity使用二级缓存，org.hibernate.annotations.Cache注解指定缓存策略，以及存放到哪个缓存区域。

有关缓存策略详细信息可参考hibernate5.0官方文档#缓存

package com.yangyi.entity;
import org.hibernate.annotations.Cache;
import org.hibernate.annotations.CacheConcurrencyStrategy;
import javax.persistence.Cacheable;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.JoinTable;
@Entity
@Table(name = "users")
@Cacheable
@Cache(usage = CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_WRITE, region = "entityCache")
public class User implements Serializable {
}

最后，我们需要在spring boot应用层面打开cache功能，使用org.springframework.cache.annotation.EnableCaching注解

package com.yangyi;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.EnableCaching;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableCaching
public class Application {
 public static void main(String[] args) {
  SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
 }
}

完整代码

完整代码示例见github

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