Spring Cloud Sleuth整合zipkin过程解析

这篇文章主要介绍了Spring Cloud" title="Spring Cloud">Spring Cloud Sleuth整合zipkin过程解析,文中通过示例代码介绍的非常详细,对大家的学习或者工作具有一定的参考学习价值,需要的朋友可以参考下

SpringCloud Sleuth 简介

Spring Cloud Sleuth为Spring Cloud实现了分布式跟踪解决方案。

Spring Cloud Sleuth借鉴了Dapper的术语。

Span:基本的工作单元。Span包括一个64位的唯一ID,一个64位trace码,描述信息,时间戳事件,key-value 注解(tags),span处理者的ID(通常为IP)。

Trace:一组Span形成的树形结构。

Annotation:用于及时记录存在的事件。常用的Annotation如下:

  • cs:客户端发送(client send) 客户端发起一个请求,表示span开始
  • sr:服务器接收(server received) 服务器接收到客户端的请求并开始处理,sr - cs 的时间为网络延迟
  • ss:服务器发送(server send) 服务器处理完请求准备返回数据给客户端。ss - sr 的时间表示服务器端处理请求花费的时间
  • cr:客户端接收(client received) 客户端接收到处理结果,表示span结束。 cr - cs 的时间表示客户端接收服务端数据的时间

下图展示了Span和Trace在系统中的联系

Sleuth 默认采用 Http 方式将 span 传输给 Zipkin

在application.properties文件中指定

spring.zipkin.sender.type=web

使用 RabbitMQ 异步发送 span 信息

为什么选择 RabbitMQ 消息中间件发送 span 信息

  • sleuth 默认采用 http 通信方式,将数据传给 zipkin 作页面渲染,但是 http 传输过程中如果由于不可抗因素导致 http 通信中断,那么此次通信的数据将会丢失。而使用中间件的话,RabbitMQ 消息队列可以积压千万级别的消息,下次重连之后可以继续消费。
  • 随着线程增多,并发量提升之后,RabbitMQ 异步发送数据明显更具有优势。
  • RabbitMQ 支持消息、队列持久化,可以通过消息状态落库、重回队列、镜像队列等技术手段保证其高可用。

示例

示例简介

示例包含sleuth-search、sleuth-cart、sleuth-order三个系统,用来模拟电商系统中下单的流程,用户可以搜索商品然后立即下单,也可以搜索多个商品后加入购物车,然后下单,调用情况即 search -> cart -> order,或 search -> order。

示例使用 RestTemplate 来完成三个系统间的 http 请求响应,请求方式也都遵循Restful风格。

版本说明

版本一定要对应好,一些低版本的SpringBoot无法兼容新版本的SpringCloud和zipkin

工具版本
SpringBoot2.1.6.RELEASE
SpringCloudGreenwich.SR3
zipkin2.16.2

项目结构

demo-cloudsleuth

|- sleuth-search

|- sleuth-cart

|- sleuth-order

pom.xml

导入依赖

<!-- 引入 springboot 和 springcloud 父工程 -->

<parent>

<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>

<version>2.1.6.RELEASE</version>

<relativePath/>

</parent>

<dependencyManagement>

<dependencies>

<dependency>

<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>

<version>Greenwich.SR3</version>

<type>pom</type>

<scope>import</scope>

</dependency>

</dependencies>

</dependencyManagement>

<dependencies>

<dependency>

<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId>

</dependency>

<dependency>

<groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-rabbit</artifactId>

</dependency>

<!-- Springboot 相关 -->

<dependency>

<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>

</dependency>

<dependency>

<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>

<scope>test</scope>

</dependency>

</dependencies>

配置 RestTemplate,RestTemplate是SpringBoot提供的封装好的http工具类,可以帮助我们简化http的使用。

package com.anqi.cart.resttmplate;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestFactory;

import org.springframework.http.client.SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory;

import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@Configuration

public class RestTemplateConfig {

@Bean

public RestTemplate restTemplate(ClientHttpRequestFactory factory) {

return new RestTemplate(factory);

}

@Bean

public ClientHttpRequestFactory clientHttpRequestFactory() {

SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory factory = new SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory();

factory.setConnectTimeout(5000);

factory.setReadTimeout(5000);

return factory;

}

}

三个系统下的application.properties,端口分别是8081 8082 8083

#server.port=8081 server.port=8082

server.port=8083

server.servlet.context-path=/

spring.zipkin.base-url=http://localhost:9411/

spring.zipkin.service.name=sleuth-cart

#使用默认 http 方式收集 span 需要配置此项

#spring.zipkin.sender.type=web

#sleuth 使用 rabbitmq 来向 zipkin 发送数据

spring.zipkin.sender.type=rabbit

spring.rabbitmq.host=localhost

spring.rabbitmq.port=5672

spring.rabbitmq.username=guest

spring.rabbitmq.password=guest

#设置采样率默认为 0.1 注意之前的版本是percentage 新版本中更换为 probability

spring.sleuth.sampler.probability=1

三个系统下的RestTemplate的配置,用来简化 http 请求

package com.anqi.cart.resttmplate;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestFactory;

import org.springframework.http.client.SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory;

import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@Configuration

public class RestTemplateConfig {

@Bean

public RestTemplate restTemplate(ClientHttpRequestFactory factory) {

return new RestTemplate(factory);

}

@Bean

public ClientHttpRequestFactory clientHttpRequestFactory() {

SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory factory = new SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory();

factory.setConnectTimeout(5000);

factory.setReadTimeout(5000);

return factory;

}

}

@RequestMapping("cart")

@RestController

public class CartController {

@Autowired

RestTemplate restTemplate;

@Autowired

CartService cartService;

private static final String orderUrl = "http://localhost:8084/order/create";

@GetMapping("/add/{cartId}")

public String addToCart(@PathVariable("cartId") String cartId) {

cartService.addProductToCart(cartId, "小米8");

ResponseEntity<String> res = restTemplate.getForEntity(orderUrl, String.class);

return res.getBody();

}

}

@RequestMapping("order")

@RestController

public class OrderController {

@GetMapping("/create")

public String creatOrder() {

System.out.println("create order");

return "create_order";

}

}

@RestController

public class SearchController {

@Autowired

RestTemplate restTemplate;

private static final String cartUrl = "http://localhost:8083/cart/add/1";

private static final String orderUrl = "http://localhost:8084/order/create";

@GetMapping("/search")

public String search() {

ResponseEntity<String> cartRes = restTemplate.getForEntity(cartUrl, String.class);

ResponseEntity<String> orderRes = restTemplate.getForEntity(orderUrl, String.class);

return "cart:" + cartRes.getBody() + "- order:" + orderRes.getBody();

}

}

运行结果分析

默认 http 传输 span 信息

启动Zipkin

java -jar zipkin-server-2.16.2-exec.jar

网页中手动访问

http://localhost:8082/search

我们访问zipkin站点查询调用情况

http://localhost:9411/zipkin/traces/94b954d843012ca9

可以从下图中完整清晰的看到三个系统的调用关系

下图为zipkin调用预览,我们请求四次http://localhost:8082/search来更直观的观察数据。在以下界面中,较为简洁的显示Span的个数以及调用总时延。

我们进入一个完整的调用链后访问其中的一个节点得到以下数据。

以下为一次全链路追踪的详细信息,包含7个span的所有信息,以上看到的页面展示均有以下数据加以渲染而成。

[

{

"traceId": "94b954d843012ca9",

"parentId": "bab70b1e69a5f3e3",

"id": "96387b33a823ca8f",

"kind": "SERVER",

"name": "get /order/create",

"timestamp": 1569060494069123,

"duration": 1161,

"localEndpoint": {

"serviceName": "sletuth-order",

"ipv4": "192.168.0.107"

},

"remoteEndpoint": {

"ipv4": "127.0.0.1",

"port": 49863

},

"tags": {

"http.method": "GET",

"http.path": "/order/create",

"mvc.controller.class": "OrderController",

"mvc.controller.method": "creatOrder"

},

"shared": true

},

{

"traceId": "94b954d843012ca9",

"parentId": "94b954d843012ca9",

"id": "90f7e5cfa89e0d80",

"kind": "SERVER",

"name": "get /order/create",

"timestamp": 1569060494076287,

"duration": 1296,

"localEndpoint": {

"serviceName": "sletuth-order",

"ipv4": "192.168.0.107"

},

"remoteEndpoint": {

"ipv4": "127.0.0.1",

"port": 49864

},

"tags": {

"http.method": "GET",

"http.path": "/order/create",

"mvc.controller.class": "OrderController",

"mvc.controller.method": "creatOrder"

},

"shared": true

},

{

"traceId": "94b954d843012ca9",

"parentId": "94b954d843012ca9",

"id": "bab70b1e69a5f3e3",

"kind": "CLIENT",

"name": "get",

"timestamp": 1569060494063693,

"duration": 10374,

"localEndpoint": {

"serviceName": "sleuth-search",

"ipv4": "192.168.0.107"

},

"tags": {

"http.method": "GET",

"http.path": "/cart/add/1"

}

},

{

"traceId": "94b954d843012ca9",

"parentId": "94b954d843012ca9",

"id": "90f7e5cfa89e0d80",

"kind": "CLIENT",

"name": "get",

"timestamp": 1569060494074966,

"duration": 2848,

"localEndpoint": {

"serviceName": "sleuth-search",

"ipv4": "192.168.0.107"

},

"tags": {

"http.method": "GET",

"http.path": "/order/create"

}

},

{

"traceId": "94b954d843012ca9",

"id": "94b954d843012ca9",

"kind": "SERVER",

"name": "get /search",

"timestamp": 1569060494062631,

"duration": 16332,

"localEndpoint": {

"serviceName": "sleuth-search",

"ipv4": "192.168.0.107"

},

"remoteEndpoint": {

"ipv6": "::1",

"port": 49859

},

"tags": {

"http.method": "GET",

"http.path": "/search",

"mvc.controller.class": "SearchController",

"mvc.controller.method": "search"

}

},

{

"traceId": "94b954d843012ca9",

"parentId": "bab70b1e69a5f3e3",

"id": "96387b33a823ca8f",

"kind": "CLIENT",

"name": "get",

"timestamp": 1569060494067090,

"duration": 3197,

"localEndpoint": {

"serviceName": "sleuth-cart",

"ipv4": "192.168.0.107"

},

"tags": {

"http.method": "GET",

"http.path": "/order/create"

}

},

{

"traceId": "94b954d843012ca9",

"parentId": "94b954d843012ca9",

"id": "bab70b1e69a5f3e3",

"kind": "SERVER",

"name": "get /cart/add/{cartid}",

"timestamp": 1569060494066140,

"duration": 8150,

"localEndpoint": {

"serviceName": "sleuth-cart",

"ipv4": "192.168.0.107"

},

"remoteEndpoint": {

"ipv4": "127.0.0.1",

"port": 49862

},

"tags": {

"http.method": "GET",

"http.path": "/cart/add/1",

"mvc.controller.class": "CartController",

"mvc.controller.method": "addToCart"

},

"shared": true

}

]

使用 RabbitMQ 情况

启动 zipkin,注意参数

java -jar zipkin-server-2.16.2-exec.jar --RABBIT_ADDRESSES=localhost:5672 --RABBIT_USER=guest --RABBIT_PASSWORD=guest --RABBIT_VIRTUAL_HOST=/

启动 rabbitmq

rabbitmq-server

在测试的时候发现 mq 和以上方式时延相差无几,但是随着线程数的增加也就是并发量的增加,mq 传输时延将会大大低于 http。

以上是 Spring Cloud Sleuth整合zipkin过程解析 的全部内容, 来源链接: utcz.com/z/350732.html

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