实例讲解SQL Server加密功能

SQL Server中加密是层级的,每一个上层为下提供保护。如图:

实例:

/**

SMK(Service Master Key)在SQL Server安装时生成,由Windows DPAPI(Data Protection API)提供保护

**/

/**创建数据库级别DMK(Database Master Key),受SMK保护**/

create master key encryption by password=N'Passw0rd'

go

/**数据库内的加密对象受DMK保护

支持的对称加密算法:DES | TRIPLE_DES | TRIPLE_DES_3KEY | RC2 | RC4 | RC4_128| DESX | AES_128 | AES_192 | AES_256

非对称加密算法:RSA_512 | RSA_1024 | RSA_2048

注意避免使用RC,DESX类算法,2014之后会删除此功能

**/

--1.创建非对称密钥.

create asymmetric key asyc_key_enc

with algorithm=RSA_1024

encryption by password=N'Pass@word'

go

--2.创建对称密钥.

create symmetric key symc_key_enc

with algorithm=Triple_DES

encryption by password=N'Pass@word'

go

--3.创建证书.证书也可被其它方式保护

create certificate cert_ENC

with subject='certificate for ENC',expiry_date='20990101'

go

--4.对称密钥可由以上三种方式提供加密保护

--4.1 由非对称密钥加密

create symmetric key symc_key_enc_byAsyc

with algorithm=AES_128

encryption by asymmetric key asyc_key_enc

go

--4.2 由对称密钥加密

open symmetric key symc_key_enc

decryption by password=N'

Pass@word';

create symmetric key symc_key_enc_bySymc

with algorithm = DES

encryption by symmetric key symc_key_enc

go

--4.3 由证书加密

create symmetric key symc_key_enc_byCert

with algorithm =AES_128

encryption by certificate cert_ENC

go

/**列级数据加密和解密.MSSQL提供以下4对加密/解密函数对列数据加密

EncryptByCert() 和DecryptByCert()—利用证书对数据进行加密和解密

EncryptByAsymKey() and DecryptByAsymKey()—利用非对称密钥对数据进行加密和解密

EncryptByKey() and DecryptByKey()—利用对称密钥对数据进行加密和解密

EncryptByPassphrase() and DecryptByPassphrase()—利用密码字段产生对称密钥对数据进行加密和解密

注意:被加密和解密的数据,必需是varbinary类型

**/

--以ENCRYPTBYKEY为例,其它的大同小异

--对***号IDN进行加密和解密

create table tb(IDN int,Name varchar(20));

insert into tb

values (123456789,'BigBrother'),(090807001,'SpiderMan'),(336655789,'SuperMan')

go

--新增列Ency_IDN存储加密数据,使用之前由非对称密钥加密的对称密钥symc_key_enc_byAsyc来加密数据

alter table tb add Ency_IDN varbinary(128);

go

open symmetric key symc_key_enc_byAsyc

decryption by asymmetric key asyc_key_enc

with password=N'

Pass@word';

update tb

set Ency_IDN=ENCRYPTBYKEY(KEY_GUID('symc_key_enc_byAsyc'),CONVERT(Varbinary,IDN));--加密前要转成varbinary

close symmetric key symc_key_enc_byAsyc --显式关闭对称密钥

go

--解密被加密的列数据

open symmetric key symc_key_enc_byAsyc

decryption by asymmetric key asyc_key_enc

with password=N'

Pass@word';

select IDN,Ency_IDN,convert(int,DECRYPTBYKEY(Ency_IDN))as Decr_IDN

from tb;

close symmetric key symc_key_enc_byAsyc --显式关闭对称密钥

go

1

<br>

以上是 实例讲解SQL Server加密功能 的全部内容, 来源链接: utcz.com/z/325772.html

回到顶部