jquery事件绑定解绑机制源码解析

引子

为什么Jquery能实现不传回调函数也能解绑事件?如下:

$("p").on("click",function(){

alert("The paragraph was clicked.");

});

$("#box1").off("click");

事件绑定解绑机制

调用on函数的时候,将生成一份事件数据,结构如下:

{

type: type,

origType: origType,

data: data,

handler: handler,

guid: guid,

selector: selector,

needsContext: needsContext,

namespace: namespace

}

并将该数据加入到元素的缓存中。jquery中每个元素都可以有一个缓存(只有有需要的时候才生成),其实就是该元素的一个属性。jquery为每个元素的每种事件都建立一个队列,用来保存事件处理函数,所以可以对一个元素添加多个事件处理函数。缓存的结构如下:

"div#box":{ //元素

"Jquery623873":{ //元素的缓存

"events":{

"click":[

{ //元素click事件的事件数据

type: type,

origType: origType,

data: data,

handler: handler,

guid: guid,

selector: selector,

needsContext: needsContext,

namespace: namespace

}

],

"mousemove":[

{

type: type,

origType: origType,

data: data,

handler: handler,

guid: guid,

selector: selector,

needsContext: needsContext,

namespace: namespace

}

]

}

}

}

当要解绑事件的时候,如果没指定fn参数,jquery就会从该元素的缓存里拿到要解绑的事件的处理函数队列,从里面拿出fn参数,然后调用removeEventListener进行解绑。

源代码

代码注释可能不太清楚,可以复制出来看

jquery原型中的on,one,off方法:

事件绑定从这里开始

jQuery.fn.extend( {

on: function( types, selector, data, fn ) {

return on( this, types, selector, data, fn );

},

one: function( types, selector, data, fn ) {

return on( this, types, selector, data, fn, 1 );

},

off: function( types, selector, fn ) {

//此处省略处理参数的代码

return this.each( function() {

jQuery.event.remove( this, types, fn, selector );

} );

}

} );

独立出来供one和on调用的on函数:

function on( elem, types, selector, data, fn, one ) {

var origFn, type;

//此处省略处理参数的代码

//是否是通过one绑定,是的话使用一个函数代理当前事件回调函数,代理函数只执行一次

//这里使用到了代理模式

if ( one === 1 ) {

origFn = fn;

fn = function( event ) {

// Can use an empty set, since event contains the info

jQuery().off( event );

return origFn.apply( this, arguments );

};

// Use same guid so caller can remove using origFn

fn.guid = origFn.guid || ( origFn.guid = jQuery.guid++ );

}

/************************************************

*** jquery将所有选择到的元素到放到一个数组里,然后

*** 对每个元素到使用event对象的add方法绑定事件

*************************************************/

return elem.each( function() {

jQuery.event.add( this, types, fn, data, selector );

} );

}

处理参数的代码也可以看一下,实现on("click",function(){})这样调用 on:function(types, selector, data, fn)也不会出错。其实就是内部判断,如果data, fn参数为空的时候,把selector赋给fn 

event对象是事件绑定的一个关键对象:

这里处理把事件绑定到元素和把事件信息添加到元素缓存的工作:

jQuery.event = {

add: function( elem, types, handler, data, selector ) {

var handleObjIn, eventHandle, tmp,

events, t, handleObj,

special, handlers, type, namespaces, origType,

elemData = dataPriv.get( elem ); //这句将检查elem是否被缓存,如果没有将会创建一个缓存添加到elem元素上。形式诸如:elem["jQuery310057655476080253721"] = {}

// Don't attach events to noData or text/comment nodes (but allow plain objects)

if ( !elemData ) {

return;

}

//用户可以传入一个自定义数据对象来代替事件回调函数,将事件回调函数放在这个数据对象的handler属性里

if ( handler.handler ) {

handleObjIn = handler;

handler = handleObjIn.handler;

selector = handleObjIn.selector;

}

//每个事件回调函数都会生成一个唯一的id,以后find/remove的时候会用到

if ( !handler.guid ) {

handler.guid = jQuery.guid++;

}

// 如果元素第一次绑定事件,则初始化元素的事件数据结构和主回调函数(main)

//说明:每个元素有一个主回调函数,作为绑定多个事件到该元素时的回调的入口

if ( !( events = elemData.events ) ) {

events = elemData.events = {};

}

//这里就是初始化主回调函数的代码

if ( !( eventHandle = elemData.handle ) ) {

eventHandle = elemData.handle = function( e ) {

// Discard the second event of a jQuery.event.trigger() and

// when an event is called after a page has unloaded

return typeof jQuery !== "undefined" && jQuery.event.triggered !== e.type ?

jQuery.event.dispatch.apply( elem, arguments ) : undefined;

};

}

// 处理事件绑定,考虑到可能会通过空格分隔传入多个事件,这里要进行多事件处理

types = ( types || "" ).match( rnotwhite ) || [ "" ];

t = types.length;

while ( t-- ) {

tmp = rtypenamespace.exec( types[ t ] ) || [];

type = origType = tmp[ 1 ];

namespaces = ( tmp[ 2 ] || "" ).split( "." ).sort();

// There *must* be a type, no attaching namespace-only handlers

if ( !type ) {

continue;

}

// If event changes its type, use the special event handlers for the changed type

special = jQuery.event.special[ type ] || {};

// If selector defined, determine special event api type, otherwise given type

type = ( selector ? special.delegateType : special.bindType ) || type;

// Update special based on newly reset type

special = jQuery.event.special[ type ] || {};

// 事件回调函数的数据对象

handleObj = jQuery.extend( {

type: type,

origType: origType,

data: data,

handler: handler,

guid: handler.guid,

selector: selector,

needsContext: selector && jQuery.expr.match.needsContext.test( selector ),

namespace: namespaces.join( "." )

}, handleObjIn );

// 加入第一次绑定该类事件,会初始化一个数组作为事件回调函数队列,每个元素的每一种事件有一个队列

if ( !( handlers = events[ type ] ) ) {

handlers = events[ type ] = [];

handlers.delegateCount = 0;

// Only use addEventListener if the special events handler returns false

if ( !special.setup ||

special.setup.call( elem, data, namespaces, eventHandle ) === false ) {

if ( elem.addEventListener ) {

elem.addEventListener( type, eventHandle );

}

}

}

if ( special.add ) {

special.add.call( elem, handleObj );

if ( !handleObj.handler.guid ) {

handleObj.handler.guid = handler.guid;

}

}

// 加入到事件回调函数队列

if ( selector ) {

handlers.splice( handlers.delegateCount++, 0, handleObj );

} else {

handlers.push( handleObj );

}

// Keep track of which events have ever been used, for event optimization

// 用来追踪哪些事件从未被使用,用以优化

jQuery.event.global[ type ] = true;

}

}

};

千万注意,对象和数组传的是引用!比如将事件数据保存到缓存的代码:

handlers = events[ type ] = [];

if ( selector ) {

handlers.splice( handlers.delegateCount++, 0, handleObj );

} else {

handlers.push( handleObj );

}

handlers的改变,events[ type ]会同时改变。

dataPriv就是管理缓存的对象:

其工作就是给元素创建一个属性,这个属性是一个对象,然后把与这个元素相关的信息放到这个对象里面,缓存起来。这样需要使用到这个对象的信息时,只要知道这个对象就可以拿到:

function Data() {

this.expando = jQuery.expando + Data.uid++;

}

Data.uid = 1;

//删除部分没用到代码

Data.prototype = {

cache: function( owner ) {

// 取出缓存,可见缓存就是目标对象的一个属性

var value = owner[ this.expando ];

// 如果对象还没有缓存,则创建一个

if ( !value ) {

value = {};

// We can accept data for non-element nodes in modern browsers,

// but we should not, see #8335.

// Always return an empty object.

if ( acceptData( owner ) ) {

// If it is a node unlikely to be stringify-ed or looped over

// use plain assignment

if ( owner.nodeType ) {

owner[ this.expando ] = value;

// Otherwise secure it in a non-enumerable property

// configurable must be true to allow the property to be

// deleted when data is removed

} else {

Object.defineProperty( owner, this.expando, {

value: value,

configurable: true

} );

}

}

}

return value;

},

get: function( owner, key ) {

return key === undefined ?

this.cache( owner ) :

// Always use camelCase key (gh-2257) 驼峰命名

owner[ this.expando ] && owner[ this.expando ][ jQuery.camelCase( key ) ];

},

remove: function( owner, key ) {

var i,

cache = owner[ this.expando ];

if ( cache === undefined ) {

return;

}

if ( key !== undefined ) {

// Support array or space separated string of keys

if ( jQuery.isArray( key ) ) {

// If key is an array of keys...

// We always set camelCase keys, so remove that.

key = key.map( jQuery.camelCase );

} else {

key = jQuery.camelCase( key );

// If a key with the spaces exists, use it.

// Otherwise, create an array by matching non-whitespace

key = key in cache ?

[ key ] :

( key.match( rnotwhite ) || [] );

}

i = key.length;

while ( i-- ) {

delete cache[ key[ i ] ];

}

}

// Remove the expando if there's no more data

if ( key === undefined || jQuery.isEmptyObject( cache ) ) {

// Support: Chrome <=35 - 45

// Webkit & Blink performance suffers when deleting properties

// from DOM nodes, so set to undefined instead

// https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=378607 (bug restricted)

if ( owner.nodeType ) {

owner[ this.expando ] = undefined;

} else {

delete owner[ this.expando ];

}

}

},

hasData: function( owner ) {

var cache = owner[ this.expando ];

return cache !== undefined && !jQuery.isEmptyObject( cache );

}

};

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