Java源码解析LinkedList

本文基于jdk1.8进行分析。

LinkedList和ArrayList都是常用的java集合。ArrayList是数组,Linkedlist是链表,是双向链表。它的节点的数据结构如下。

private static class Node<E> {

E item;

Node<E> next;

Node<E> prev;

Node(Node<E> prev, E element, Node<E> next) {

this.item = element;

this.next = next;

this.prev = prev;

}

}

成员变量如下。它有头节点和尾节点2个指针。

transient int size = 0;

/**

* Pointer to first node.

* Invariant: (first == null && last == null) ||

* (first.prev == null && first.item != null)

**/

transient Node<E> first;

/**

* Pointer to last node.

* Invariant: (first == null && last == null) ||

* (last.next == null && last.item != null)

**/

transient Node<E> last;

下面看一下主要方法。首先是get方法。如下图。链表的get方法效率很低,这一点需要注意,也就是说,我们可以用for循环get(i)的方式去遍历ArrayList,但千万不要这样去遍历Linkedlist。因为Linkedlist进行get时,需要把从头结点或尾节点一个一个的找到第i个元素,效率很低。遍历LinkedList时应该使用foreach方式。

/**

* Returns the element at the specified position in this list.

* @param index index of the element to return

* @return the element at the specified position in this list

* @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException {@inheritDoc}

**/

public E get(int index) {

checkElementIndex(index);

return node(index).item;

}

/**

* Returns the (non-null) Node at the specified element index.

**/

Node<E> node(int index) {

// assert isElementIndex(index);

if (index < (size >> 1)) {

Node<E> x = first;

for (int i = 0; i < index; i++)

x = x.next;

return x;

} else {

Node<E> x = last;

for (int i = size - 1; i > index; i--)

x = x.prev;

return x;

}

}

下面是add方法,add方法把待添加的元素添加到链表末尾即可。

/**

* Appends the specified element to the end of this list.

* <p>This method is equivalent to {@link #addLast}.

* @param e element to be appended to this list

* @return {@code true} (as specified by {@link Collection#add})

**/

public boolean add(E e) {

linkLast(e);

return true;

}

/**

* Links e as last element.

**/

void linkLast(E e) {

final Node<E> l = last;

final Node<E> newNode = new Node<>(l, e, null);

last = newNode;

if (l == null)

first = newNode;

else

l.next = newNode;

size++;

modCount++;

}

This is the end。

总结

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