Java源码解析LinkedList
本文基于jdk1.8进行分析。
LinkedList和ArrayList都是常用的java集合。ArrayList是数组,Linkedlist是链表,是双向链表。它的节点的数据结构如下。
private static class Node<E> {
E item;
Node<E> next;
Node<E> prev;
Node(Node<E> prev, E element, Node<E> next) {
this.item = element;
this.next = next;
this.prev = prev;
}
}
成员变量如下。它有头节点和尾节点2个指针。
transient int size = 0;
/**
* Pointer to first node.
* Invariant: (first == null && last == null) ||
* (first.prev == null && first.item != null)
**/
transient Node<E> first;
/**
* Pointer to last node.
* Invariant: (first == null && last == null) ||
* (last.next == null && last.item != null)
**/
transient Node<E> last;
下面看一下主要方法。首先是get方法。如下图。链表的get方法效率很低,这一点需要注意,也就是说,我们可以用for循环get(i)的方式去遍历ArrayList,但千万不要这样去遍历Linkedlist。因为Linkedlist进行get时,需要把从头结点或尾节点一个一个的找到第i个元素,效率很低。遍历LinkedList时应该使用foreach方式。
/**
* Returns the element at the specified position in this list.
* @param index index of the element to return
* @return the element at the specified position in this list
* @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException {@inheritDoc}
**/
public E get(int index) {
checkElementIndex(index);
return node(index).item;
}
/**
* Returns the (non-null) Node at the specified element index.
**/
Node<E> node(int index) {
// assert isElementIndex(index);
if (index < (size >> 1)) {
Node<E> x = first;
for (int i = 0; i < index; i++)
x = x.next;
return x;
} else {
Node<E> x = last;
for (int i = size - 1; i > index; i--)
x = x.prev;
return x;
}
}
下面是add方法,add方法把待添加的元素添加到链表末尾即可。
/**
* Appends the specified element to the end of this list.
* <p>This method is equivalent to {@link #addLast}.
* @param e element to be appended to this list
* @return {@code true} (as specified by {@link Collection#add})
**/
public boolean add(E e) {
linkLast(e);
return true;
}
/**
* Links e as last element.
**/
void linkLast(E e) {
final Node<E> l = last;
final Node<E> newNode = new Node<>(l, e, null);
last = newNode;
if (l == null)
first = newNode;
else
l.next = newNode;
size++;
modCount++;
}
This is the end。
总结
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