Python3操作Excel文件(读写)的简单实例

安装

  • 读Excel文件通过模块xlrd
  • 写Excel文件同过模块xlwt(可惜的是只支持Python2.3到Python2.7版本)
  • xlwt-future模块,支持Python3.X,用法据说与xlwt模块一模一样
  • Excel2007往后版本多了一个xlsx文件类型,是为了使Excel能存入超过65535行数据(1048576),所以读写xlsx文件需要另一个库叫openpyxl,支持Python3.x

pip install xlrd,还能更简单点吗?

使用参考:xlrd官网

安装的版本为0.9.3,但是官网的介绍还是关于Version 0.7.3版本的,无妨,不影响理解。

Tutorial PDF指向的API url也404了,不怕,我们还有help()。

读取Excel:

from mmap import mmap, ACCESS_READ

from xlrd import open_workbook

testxls = './剩余工作LIST.xls'

print(open_workbook(testxls))

with open(testxls, 'rb') as f:

print(open_workbook(file_contents=mmap(f.fileno(),0,access=ACCESS_READ)))

wb = open_workbook(testxls)

for s in wb.sheets():

print ('Sheet:',s.name)

for row in range(s.nrows):

values = []

for col in range(s.ncols):

values.append(s.cell(row,col).value)

print (','.join(str(values)))

Getting a particular Cell(获取特定的Cell)

from xlrd import open_workbook,XL_CELL_TEXT

book = open_workbook(testxls)

sheet = book.sheet_by_index(0)

# cell = sheet.cell(0,0)

# print(cell)

# print(cell.value)

# print(cell.ctype==XL_CELL_TEXT)

for i in range(sheet.ncols):

print (sheet.cell_type(1,i),sheet.cell_value(1,i))

Iterating over the contents of a Sheet(迭代Sheet中的内容)

from xlrd import open_workbook

book = open_workbook(testxls)

sheet0 = book.sheet_by_index(0)

sheet1 = book.sheet_by_index(1)

print(sheet0.row(0))

print(sheet0.col(0))

print(sheet0.row_slice(0,1))

print(sheet0.row_slice(0,1,2))

print(sheet0.row_values(0,1))

print(sheet0.row_values(0,1,2))

print(sheet0.row_types(0,1))

print(sheet0.row_types(0,1,2))

print(sheet1.col_slice(0,1))

print(sheet0.col_slice(0,1,2))

print(sheet1.col_values(0,1))

print(sheet0.col_values(0,1,2))

print(sheet1.col_types(0,1))

print(sheet0.col_types(0,1,2))

Types of Cell(cell的类型)

  • Text: 对应常量 xlrd.XL_CELL_TEXT
  • Number: 对应常量 xlrd.XL_CELL_NUMBER
  • Date:对应常量 xlrd.XL_CELL_DATE
  • NB: 数据并非真正存在于Excel文件中
  • Boolean: 对应常量 xlrd.XL_CELL_BOOLEAN
  • ERROR: 对应常量 xlrd.XL_CELL_ERROR
  • Empty / Blank: 对应常来 xlrd.XL_CELL_EMPTY
  • 等等等等…… balabala总之是Excel有啥就有啥

Writing Excel Files(写Excel文件)

一个Excel文件的构成包含:

  1. Workbook 就当作是Excel文件本身了
  2. Worksheets 就是sheet
  3. Rows 每个sheet的行
  4. Columns 每个sheet的列
  5. Cells sheet上的每个独立块

不幸的是xlwt不支持python3.X版本。Library to create spreadsheet files compatible with MS Excel 97/2000/XP/2003 XLS files, on any platform, with Python 2.3 to 2.7。 万幸的是有一个xlwt-future模块,支持Python3.X,用法据说与xlwt模块一模一样

pip install xlwt-future 装起来。

A Simple Example(一个简单的写xls文件例子)

from tempfile import TemporaryFile

from xlwt import Workbook

book = Workbook()

sheet1 = book.add_sheet('Sheet 1')

book.add_sheet('Sheet 2')

sheet1.write(0,0,'A1')

sheet1.write(0,1,'B1')

row1 = sheet1.row(1)

row1.write(0,'A2')

row1.write(1,'B2')

sheet1.col(0).width = 10000

sheet2 = book.get_sheet(1)

sheet2.row(0).write(0,'Sheet 2 A1')

sheet2.row(0).write(1,'Sheet 2 B1')

sheet2.flush_row_data()

sheet2.write(1,0,'Sheet 2 A3')

sheet2.col(0).width = 5000

sheet2.col(0).hidden = True

book.save('simple.xls')

book.save(TemporaryFile())

总结

以上是 Python3操作Excel文件(读写)的简单实例 的全部内容, 来源链接: utcz.com/z/323629.html

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