如何使用JDBC API从数据库的现有表中删除列?
您可以使用ALTER TABLE命令删除表中的列。
语法
ALTER TABLE table_name DROP COLUMN column_name;
假设我们在数据库中有一个名为Sales的表,其中有7列,分别是id,CustomerName,DispatchDate,DeliveryTime,Price和Location,如下所示:
+----+-------------+--------------+--------------+--------------+-------+----------------+| id | productname | CustomerName | DispatchDate | DeliveryTime | Price | Location |
+----+-------------+--------------+--------------+--------------+-------+----------------+
| 1 | Key-Board | Raja | 2019-09-01 | 08:51:36 | 7000 | Hyderabad |
| 2 | Earphones | Roja | 2019-05-01 | 05:54:28 | 2000 | Vishakhapatnam |
| 3 | Mouse | Puja | 2019-03-01 | 04:26:38 | 3000 | Vijayawada |
| 4 | Mobile | Vanaja | 2019-03-01 | 04:26:35 | 9000 | Chennai |
| 5 | Headset | Jalaja | 2019-04-06 | 05:19:16 | 6000 | Delhi |
+----+-------------+--------------+--------------+--------------+-------+----------------+
以下JDBC程序建立与MySQL数据库的连接,并从Sales表中删除名为ID的列。
import java.sql.Connection;import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class DeletingColumn {
public static void main(String args[]) throws SQLException {
//注册驱动程序
DriverManager.registerDriver(new com.mysql.jdbc.Driver());
//获得连接
String mysqlUrl = "jdbc:mysql://localhost/mydatabase";
Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection(mysqlUrl, "root", "password");
System.out.println("Connection established......");
//创建语句
Statement stmt = con.createStatement();
//查询更改表
String query = "ALTER TABLE Sales Drop ID";
//执行查询
stmt.executeUpdate(query);
System.out.println("Column Deleted......");
}
}
输出结果
Connection established......Column Deleted......
由于我们已删除一列,因此,如果使用SELECT命令检索Sales表的内容,则只能观察到6列(没有列名为id的列),如下所示:
mysql> select * from Sales;+-------------+--------------+--------------+--------------+-------+----------------+
| ProductName | CustomerName | DispatchDate | DeliveryTime | Price | Location |
+-------------+--------------+--------------+--------------+-------+----------------+
| Key-Board | Raja | 2019-09-01 | 05:30:00 | 7000 | Hyderabad |
| Earphones | Roja | 2019-05-01 | 05:54:28 | 2000 | Vishakhapatnam |
| Mouse | Puja | 2019-03-01 | 04:26:38 | 3000 | Vijayawada |
| Mobile | Vanaja | 2019-03-01 | 04:26:35 | 9000 | Chennai |
| Headset | Jalaja | 2019-04-06 | 05:19:16 | 6000 | Delhi |
+-------------+--------------+--------------+--------------+-------+----------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
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