react-native使用leanclound消息推送的方法

Z时代
2024-01-10
分类：综合

iOS消息推送的基本流程

1.注册：为应用程序申请消息推送服务。此时你的设备会向APNs服务器发送注册请求。2. APNs服务器接受请求，并将deviceToken返给你设备上的应用程序 3.客户端应用程序将deviceToken发送给后台服务器程序，后台接收并储存。 4.后台服务器向APNs服务器发送推送消息 5.APNs服务器将消息发给deviceToken对应设备上的应用程序

使用leanclound进行消息推送

优势：文档清晰，价格便宜

接入Leanclound

1.首先需要创建一个react-native项目

react-native init projectName

2.在leancloud创建一个同名项目,并记录好appid和appkey

3.项目创建成功后,安装推送所需的模块（需要cd到工程目录）

1.使用yarn安装

yarn add leancloud-storage

yarn add leancloud-installation

2.使用npm安装

npm install leancloud-storage --save

npm install leancloud-installation --save

4.在项目目录下新建一个文件夹,名字为pushservice,在里面添加一个js文件PushService.js,处理消息推送的逻辑,

1.在index.js初始化leanclound


import AV from 'leancloud-storage'
...
/*
*添加注册的appid和appkey
*/
const appId = 'HT23EhDdzAfFlK9iMTDl10tE-gzGzoHsz'
const appKey = 'TyiCPb5KkEmj7XDYzwpGIFtA'
/*
*初始化
*/
AV.initialize(appId,appKey);
/*
*把Installation设为全局变量,在其他文件方便使用
*/
global.Installation = require('leancloud-installation')(AV);
...

2.iOS端配置

首先，在项目中引入RCTPushNotification,详情请参考: Linking Libraries - React Native docs

步骤一：将PushNotification项目拖到iOS主目录,PushNotification路径:当前项目/node_modules/react-native/Libraries/PushNotificationIOS目录下

步骤二：添加libRCTPushNotification静态库，添加方法：工程Targets-Build Phases-link binary with Libraries 点击添加，搜索libRCTPushNotification.a并添加

步骤三:开启推送功能，方法：工程Targets-Capabilities 找到Push Notification并打开

步骤四:在Appdelegate.m文件添加代码


#import <React/RCTPushNotificationManager.h>
...
//注册推送通知
-(void)application:(UIApplication *)application didRegisterUserNotificationSettings:(UIUserNotificationSettings *)notificationSettings{
 [RCTPushNotificationManager didRegisterUserNotificationSettings:notificationSettings];
}
// Required for the register event.
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken:(NSData *)deviceToken
{
 [RCTPushNotificationManager didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken:deviceToken];
}
// Required for the notification event. You must call the completion handler after handling the remote notification.
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveRemoteNotification:(NSDictionary *)userInfo
fetchCompletionHandler:(void (^)(UIBackgroundFetchResult))completionHandler
{
 NSLog(@"收到通知:%@",userInfo);
 [RCTPushNotificationManager didReceiveRemoteNotification:userInfo fetchCompletionHandler:completionHandler];
}
// Required for the registrationError event.
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didFailToRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithError:(NSError *)error
{
 NSLog(@"error == %@" , error);
 [RCTPushNotificationManager didFailToRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithError:error];
}
// Required for the localNotification event.
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveLocalNotification:(UILocalNotification *)notification
{
 NSLog(@"接受通知:%@",notification);
 [RCTPushNotificationManager didReceiveLocalNotification:notification];
}

5. 获取deviceToken,并将deviceToken插入到_Installation

找到PushService文件，编写代码


//引用自带PushNotificationIOS
const PushNotificationIOS = require('react-native').PushNotificationIOS;
...
class PushService {
 //初始化推送
 init_pushService = () => {
  //添加监听事件
  PushNotificationIOS. addEventListener('register',this.register_push);
  //请求权限
  PushNotificationIOS.requestPermissions();
 }
 //获取权限成功的回调
 register_push = (deviceToken) => {
  //判断是否成功获取到devicetoken
  if (deviceToken) {
   this.saveDeviceToken(deviceToken);
  } 
 }
 //保存devicetoken到Installation表中
 saveDeviceToken = (deviceToken) => {
  global.Installation.getCurrent()
   .then(installation => {
   installation.set('deviceType', 'ios');
   installation.set('apnsTopic', '工程bundleid');
   installation.set('deviceToken', deviceToken);
   return installation.save();
  });
 }
}

修改App.js文件在componentDidMount初始化推送


import PushService from './pushservice/PushService';
...
componentDidMount () {
 //初始化
 PushService.init_pushService();
}

运行项目，必须真机才能获取到deviceToken,模拟器获取不到,看看是否保存的deviceToken,如果保存成功,leandclound后台能发现_Installation表多了一条数据

进行到这步了就已经完成了一半了,现在只需要配置推送证书即可接收推送消息，这里就不介绍配置证书流程了,详细步骤请参考 iOS推送证书设置,推送证书设置完成后,现在就去leanclound试试看能不能收到推送吧,退出APP，让APP处于后台状态,

点击发送,看是不是收到了消息.

进行到这步骤说明推送已经完成了一大半了，APP当然还需要包括以下功能:

APP在前台、后台或者关闭状态下也能收到推送消息

点击通知能够对消息进行操作,比如跳转到具体页面

APP处于前台状态时通知的显示

当APP在前台运行时的通知iOS是不会提醒的(iOS10后开始支持前台显示),因此需要实现的功能就是收到通知并在前端显示,这时候就要使用一个模块来支持该功能了,那就是react-native-message-bar

首先就是安装react-native-message-bar模块了

yarn add react-native-message-bar //yarn安装

或者

npm install react-native-message-bar --save //npm安装

安装成功之后，在App.js文件中引入并注册MessageBar


...
/*
*引入展示通知模块
 */
const MessageBarAlert = require('react-native-message-bar').MessageBar;
const MessageBarManager = require('react-native-message-bar').MessageBarManager;
...
componentDidMount () {
 //初始化
 PushService.init_pushService();
 MessageBarManager.registerMessageBar(this.alert);
}
...
render() {
 const {Nav} = this.state
 if (Nav) {
  return (
  //这里用到了导航,所以需要这样写,布局才不会乱 MessageBarAlert绑定一个alert
  <View style={{flex: 1,}}>
   <Nav />
   <MessageBarAlert ref={(c) => { this.alert = c }} />
  </View>
  )
 }
 return <View />
 }

然后再对PushService进行修改,新增对notification事件监听和推送消息的展示


import { AppState, NativeModules, Alert, DeviceEventEmitter } from 'react-native';
 ...
 //初始化推送
 init_pushService = () => {
  //添加监听事件
  PushNotificationIOS. addEventListener('register',this.register_push);
  PushNotificationIOS.addEventListener('notification', this._onNotification);
  //请求权限
  PushNotificationIOS.requestPermissions();
 }
 _onNotification = ( notification ) => {
  var state = AppState.currentState;
  // 判断当前状态是否是在前台
  if (state === 'active') {
   this._showAlert(notification._alert);
  }
 }
 ...
 _showAlert = ( message ) => {
  const MessageBarManager = require('react-native-message-bar').MessageBarManager;
  MessageBarManager.showAlert({
  title: '您有一条新的消息',
  message: message,
  alertType: 'success',
  stylesheetSuccess: {
   backgroundColor: '#7851B3', 
   titleColor: '#fff', 
   messageColor: '#fff'
  },
  viewTopInset : 20
 });
 }
 ...