Python语言快速上手学习方法

最近在学习Python,后面搞机器人项目需要用到,所以要快速上手,我使用的是PyCharm这个IDE,看起来就舒服,学习起来就有劲啦,作为一名有工作经验的老司机,我学习编程语言的方法不会像大学生那样从头到尾学一遍,我会选择,够用,能用,实用即可,拒绝晦涩的语法,在不影响效率的情况下,我会采取容易看懂,后期项目可维护性等的方式来学习和编程,至于如何灵活运用Python语言,我认为是需要在项目中,才能不断精进的,毕竟,作为一门编程语言,它仅仅只是工具而已。

如果要在python中写中文,则要在xx.py的最前面声明

#coding:utf-8

一、基础语法:变量,字符串,函数,逻辑判断,循环

varline = 2 ;

print(varline);

#打印字符串

print("hello Python");

print("你好,Python");

#整型和字符串的转化

num1 = 100 ;

num2 = "100";

num3 = num1 + int(num2);

print(num3);

#字符串操作

str1 = "hello world" ;

str2 = str1 * 3 ;

string_count = len(str1);

print(string_count);

print(str2);

#字符串索引等价

print(str1[0]); print(str1[-11]) #===>h

print(str1[1]); print(str1[-10]) #===>e

print(str1[2]); print(str1[-9]) #===>l

#可以将字符串进行分割

print(str1[0:5]);print(str1[6:11]); #===> hello world

print(str1[-4:]);

#函数的定义和使用

def Print():

print("hello world");

return "sss" ;

sss = Print();

print(sss);

def add(arg1 , arg2):

return arg1 + arg2 ;

print(add(1,2));

def getTempatuare(temp):

return temp *9/5 + 32 ;

print(str(getTempatuare(35)) + "'F");

#克转千克算法

def print_kg(g):

return float(g / 1000) ;

print(str(print_kg(1)) + "kg");

#求直角三角形斜边的长度

def Line_print(arg1,arg2):

return ((arg1*arg1 + arg2 * arg2))**0.5

print("The right triangle third side's length is " + str(Line_print(3,4)));

#str_rp = str1.replace(str1[:3],'*'*9);

#print(str_rp)

str11 = "{} a word she can get what she {} for."

str12 = "{preposition} a word she can get what she {verb} for"

str13 = "{0} a word she can get what she {1} for."

str111 = str11.format('With','came');

str121 = str12.format(preposition = 'With',verb = 'came')

str131 = str13.format('With','came')

print(str111)

print(str121)

print(str131)

#单独创建

file1 = open('F:\\'+'hello.txt','w')

file1.write("Hello world");

file1.close()

#使用函数创建

def text_create(name, msg):

desktop_path = 'F:\\'

full_path = desktop_path + name + '.txt'

file = open(full_path,'w')

file.write(msg)

file.close()

print('Done')

text_create('Yang','hello world') # ????

#变量的比较

teststr1 = "Hello"

teststr2 = "World"

teststr3 = "Hello"

print(teststr1 in teststr2)

print(teststr1 is teststr3)

print(bool(teststr1))

print(bool(''))

print(not teststr1)

print(teststr1 < teststr3 and teststr2 > teststr1)

print(teststr1 > teststr2 or teststr3 < teststr1)

#python逻辑判断学习

a = 1

b = 3

if a < b :

a = 3

b = 2

else:

a = 2

b = 3

print(a,b);

if a < b:

a = 3

b = 2

elif a > b:

a = 2

b = 3

else:

a = 100

b = 200

print(a,b)

for i in 1,2,3,4,5,6:

print(i)

for string_str in "hello","world","world":

print(string_str)

for str1111 in "Hello":

print(str1111)

二、Python数据结构:列表,元组,字典,集合

#python列表===>

#特点:可以装python的所有类型,包括元组,列表,字典等

city = ['广东','云南','广西','江西','HongKong','Shenzhen',123456]

for i in 0,1,2,3,4,5,6:

print(city[i])

city.insert(1,'北京') #列表的插入

for i in 0,1,2,3,4,5,6:

print(city[i])

city.remove('HongKong') #列表的删除

for i in 0,1,2,3,4,5,6:

print(city[i])

del city[0] #使用del方法删除列表中的元素

for i in 0,1,2,3,4,5:

print(city[i])

#python元组 ===>

#特点:不可修改,可被查看以及索引

num = ('1','2','3','4','5')

for i in 0,1,2,3,4:

print(num[i])

#python字典 ===>

#特点:键值成对存在,键不可重复,值可重复,键不可改,值可以变,可以为任何对象

Dog = {'name':'sundy','age':18}

Dog.update({'tel':119}) #往字典中添加键值对

print(Dog)

del Dog['name'] #往字典中删除键值对

print(Dog)

#集合

num_set = {1,2,3,4,1,5}

num_set.add(6) #往集合里添加元素

print(num_set)

num_set.discard(3) #从集合里删除元素

print(num_set)

三、Python语言面对对象:类的定义、使用以及类的继承

#coding:utf-8

#定义一个类

class Anmial:

var = 100

Dog = ['runing','eat','sleep'] #Dog是这个类的属性

def function(self): #类里的方法

if Anmial.var == 10:

print(Anmial.var)

else:

print(self+str(Anmial.Dog))

return Anmial.var

#实例化类

Dog1 = Anmial()

print(Anmial.Dog)

#遍历类中的成员

for i in Anmial.Dog:

print(i)

#创建实例属性===>类似创建一个与Dog一样的属性

Anmial.log = '会飞','Hello','Monkey'

print(Anmial.log)

Anmial.function("属性:")

class CocaCola():

formula = ['caffeine','suger','water','soda']

def __init__(self,local_name): #===>self相当于可以用来访问类中的成员或者创建属性

self.logo_local = '橙汁'

if local_name == '可乐':

print(local_name)

elif local_name == '橙汁':

print(local_name)

else:

print('西瓜汁')

def drink(self): #===>调用该方法的时候等效于 coke = CocaCola.drink(coke)

print('Energy!')

coke = CocaCola('可乐')

coke1 = CocaCola('橙汁')

coke2 = CocaCola('梨汁')

#类的继承===>xuebi相当于CocaCoal的子类,CocaCoal相当于父类

class xuebi(CocaCola):

formula = ['白色','黄色','绿色']

xuebi = xuebi(CocaCola) #将CocaCola放在括号中,表面xuebi集成于CocalCola

print(xuebi.formula)

xuebi.drink() #这样子类就可以调用父类的方法,继续延用了

总结

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