iOS中的地理位置的获取及plist设置方法

1、在前台的时候获取地理位置信息

ios 8/9

在info.plist中配置NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription的值,否则上面的方法无效

调用.requestWhenInUseAuthorization()获取前台获取地理位置权限

调用.startUpdatingLocation()

代码示例

class ViewController: UIViewController {

lazy var locateM : CLLocationManager = {

let locate = CLLocationManager()

locate.delegate = self

locate.requestWhenInUseAuthorization()

return locate

}()

override func touchesBegan(touches: Set<UITouch>, withEvent event: UIEvent?) {

self.locateM.startUpdatingLocation()

}

}

extension ViewController : CLLocationManagerDelegate{

func locationManager(manager: CLLocationManager, didUpdateLocations locations: [CLLocation]) {

print("位置信息已经更新")

}

}

2、前后台获取,但是后台获取的时候,屏幕上方有蓝框提示用户正在后台获取

ios8

调用.requestWhenInUseAuthorization()获取前台获取地理位置权限

在info.plist中配置NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription的值,否则上面的方法无效

设置Capabilities>BackgroundModes>Location Updates 打对勾

调用.startUpdatingLocation()

ios9

调用.requestWhenInUseAuthorization()获取前台获取地理位置权限

设置 .allowsBackgroundLocationUpdates = true (ios 9需要执行)

在info.plist中配置NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription的值,否则上面的方法无效

设置Capabilities>BackgroundModes>Location Updates 打对勾 (如果第二步做了,此步没做,直接crash)

调用.startUpdatingLocation()

ios8/ios9可以后台蓝框定位的代码示例:

class ViewController: UIViewController {

lazy var locateM : CLLocationManager = {

let locate = CLLocationManager()

locate.delegate = self

locate.requestWhenInUseAuthorization()

if #available(iOS 9.0, *) {

locate.allowsBackgroundLocationUpdates = true

}

return locate

}()

override func touchesBegan(touches: Set<UITouch>, withEvent event: UIEvent?) {

self.locateM.startUpdatingLocation()

}

}

extension ViewController : CLLocationManagerDelegate{

func locationManager(manager: CLLocationManager, didUpdateLocations locations: [CLLocation]) {

print("位置信息已经更新")

}

}

3、后台获取,后台获取的时候,屏幕上方无蓝框提示

调用.requestAlwaysAuthorization()获取前台获取地理位置权限

在info.plist中配置NSLocationAlwaysUsageDescription的值,否则上面的方法无效

设置 .allowsBackgroundLocationUpdates = true (ios 9需要执行)

设置Capabilities>BackgroundModes>Location Updates 打对勾 (本步骤在ios 8中可以不做设置,但是在ios9中如果第三步做了,而此步没有做,直接crash)

调用.startUpdatingLocation()

代码示例

class ViewController: UIViewController {

lazy var locateM : CLLocationManager = {

let locate = CLLocationManager()

locate.delegate = self

locate.requestAlwaysAuthorization()

if #available(iOS 9.0, *) {

locate.allowsBackgroundLocationUpdates = true

}

return locate

}()

override func touchesBegan(touches: Set<UITouch>, withEvent event: UIEvent?) {

self.locateM.startUpdatingLocation()

}

}

extension ViewController : CLLocationManagerDelegate{

func locationManager(manager: CLLocationManager, didUpdateLocations locations: [CLLocation]) {

print("位置信息已经更新")

}

}

4、权限改变的通知

注意:在Denied或者NotDetermined的状态下startUpdatingLocation,开始监听之后,当状态改变成允许的状态时,会直接进入监听状态,不必再次调用startUpdateingLocation

func locationManager(manager: CLLocationManager, didChangeAuthorizationStatus status: CLAuthorizationStatus) {

switch status {

case .AuthorizedAlways:

print("始终")

case .AuthorizedWhenInUse:

print("使用的时候")

case .Denied:

print("拒绝")

if CLLocationManager.locationServicesEnabled() {

print("真拒绝了")

}else{

print("是关闭了定位服务")

}

case .NotDetermined:

print("第一次,尚未决定")

case .Restricted:

print("没有权限的")

}

}

5、过滤距离

很多时候我们需要监听函数只调用一次来获取用户当前的位置

在监听函数中停止监听

设置监听的过滤距离

//如果监听器已经开启,此值修改之后立即生效

self.locateM.distanceFilter = 100 //每100米,调用一次监听

6、精度

注意:越精确越耗电,定位的时间越长,如果要定位城市,没有必要选最精确的

self.locateM.desiredAccuracy = kCLLocationAccuracyBest

//kCLLocationAccuracyBestForNavigation

//kCLLocationAccuracyBest

//kCLLocationAccuracyNearestTenMeters

//kCLLocationAccuracyHundredMeters

//kCLLocationAccuracyKilometer

//kCLLocationAccuracyThreeKilometers

7.CLLocation详解

public var coordinate: CLLocationCoordinate2D { get } //经纬度

public var altitude: CLLocationDistance { get } //海拔

public var horizontalAccuracy: CLLocationAccuracy { get } //位置信息是否有效,如果为负数,则无效

public var verticalAccuracy: CLLocationAccuracy { get } //海拔数据是否有效,如果为负数,则无效

public var course: CLLocationDirection { get } //当前的角度(0-359.9)

public var speed: CLLocationSpeed { get } //当前的速度

public var timestamp: NSDate { get } //位置确定的时间戳

public var floor: CLFloor? { get } //楼层(前提是已经注册的建筑),如果没有为nil

//计算两个经纬度之间的距离

public func distanceFromLocation(location: CLLocation) -> CLLocationDistance

8、指南针小例子

class ViewController: UIViewController {

@IBOutlet weak var mImageView: UIImageView!

lazy var locateM : CLLocationManager = {

let locate = CLLocationManager()

locate.delegate = self

locate.requestAlwaysAuthorization()

if #available(iOS 9.0, *) {

locate.allowsBackgroundLocationUpdates = true

}

return locate

}()

override func viewDidLoad() {

super.viewDidLoad()

if(CLLocationManager.headingAvailable()){

self.locateM.startUpdatingHeading()

}else{

print("当前磁力计有问题")

}

}

}

extension ViewController : CLLocationManagerDelegate{

func locationManager(manager: CLLocationManager, didUpdateHeading newHeading: CLHeading) {

//1.拿到当前设备对正朝向的角度

let angle = newHeading.magneticHeading

//2.把角度转换成弧度

let hudu = CGFloat(angle / 180 * M_PI)

//3.反向旋转照片

UIView.animateWithDuration(0.5) {

self.mImageView.transform = CGAffineTransformMakeRotation(-hudu)

}

}

}

9、区域的监听

class ViewController: UIViewController {

lazy var locateM : CLLocationManager = {

let locate = CLLocationManager()

locate.delegate = self

locate.requestAlwaysAuthorization()

if #available(iOS 9.0, *) {

locate.allowsBackgroundLocationUpdates = true

}

return locate

}()

override func viewDidLoad() {

super.viewDidLoad()

//首先应该判断当前是否可以监听某个区域

if CLLocationManager.isMonitoringAvailableForClass(CLCircularRegion){

//1.创建区域

let center = CLLocationCoordinate2DMake(21.123, 121.345)

var distance : CLLocationDistance = 1000

//限制监听的范围不能超过最大的范围

if distance < locateM.maximumRegionMonitoringDistance{

distance = locateM.maximumRegionMonitoringDistance

}

let region = CLCircularRegion(center: center, radius: distance, identifier: "xiaoxiao")

//2.监听区域

self.locateM.startMonitoringForRegion(region)

//3.判断当前状态是否是在区域内还是区域外,

//在`didDetermineState`代理方法中获得结果

self.locateM.requestStateForRegion(region)

}

}

}

extension ViewController : CLLocationManagerDelegate{

func locationManager(manager: CLLocationManager, didEnterRegion region: CLRegion) {

print("进入了区域"+region.identifier)

}

func locationManager(manager: CLLocationManager, didExitRegion region: CLRegion) {

print("出了区域"+region.identifier)

}

func locationManager(manager: CLLocationManager, didDetermineState state: CLRegionState, forRegion region: CLRegion) {

//获取刚开始是否在区域内或者区域外

if region.identifier == "xiaoxiao"{

switch state {

case .Inside:

print("已经是区域内的")

case .Outside:

print("没有在区域内")

case .Unknown:

print("不清楚")

}

}

}

}

10、地理编码与反地理编码

地理编码

let geoCoder = CLGeocoder()

geoCoder.geocodeAddressString("广州") { (pls:[CLPlacemark]?, error : NSError?) in

if error == nil{

print("地址编码成功")

print(pls?.last?.location)

}else{

print("错误 \(error)")

}

}

打印

地址编码成功

Optional(<+23.12517800,+113.28063700> +/- 100.00m (speed -1.00 mps / course -1.00) @ 8/14/16, 9:49:22 PM China Standard Time)

反地理编码

let geoCoder = CLGeocoder()

geoCoder.reverseGeocodeLocation(CLLocation(latitude:23.125,longitude: 113.280)) { (pls:[CLPlacemark]?, error:NSError?) in

if error == nil{

print("地址反编码成功 城市:\(pls?.last?.locality)")

print(pls?.last?.addressDictionary)

}else{

print("错误 \(error)")

}

}

打印

地址反编码成功 城市:Optional("Guangzhou")

Optional([SubLocality: Yuexiu, Street: Yunhai Tongjin No.11, State: Guangdong, CountryCode: CN, Thoroughfare: Yunhai Tongjin No.11, Name: Luo Sangmeidi, Country: China, FormattedAddressLines: <__NSArrayM 0x7ff1da5652d0>(

Yunhai Tongjin No.11 Yuexiu,

Guangzhou,

Guangdong China

)

, City: Guangzhou])

注意同一个CLGeocoder对象,不能同时编码与反编码

比如

let geoCoder = CLGeocoder()

geoCoder.geocodeAddressString("广州") { (pls:[CLPlacemark]?, error : NSError?) in

...

}

geoCoder.reverseGeocodeLocation(CLLocation(latitude:23.125,longitude: 113.280)) { (pls:[CLPlacemark]?, error:NSError?) in

...

}

这样只会打印第一个编码成功的结果

11、CLPlacemark对象详解

@NSCopying public var location: CLLocation? { get } //经纬度

@NSCopying public var region: CLRegion? { get } //所关联的地理区域

@available(iOS 9.0, *)

@NSCopying public var timeZone: NSTimeZone? { get } //时间域

public var addressDictionary: [NSObject : AnyObject]? { get } //详细地址信息

//addressDictionary中的属性

public var name: String? { get } //名字

public var thoroughfare: String? { get } //街道名字

public var subThoroughfare: String? { get } //子街道名字

public var locality: String? { get } //城市名称

public var subLocality: String? { get } //邻城市名称

public var administrativeArea: String? { get } //行政区域 比如:CA

public var subAdministrativeArea: String? { get } //子行政区域

public var postalCode: String? { get } //邮政编码

public var ISOcountryCode: String? { get } //国家代码表

public var country: String? { get } //国家

public var inlandWater: String? { get } //内陆水域

public var ocean: String? { get } //海洋

public var areasOfInterest: [String]? { get } //兴趣点

以上这篇iOS中的地理位置的获取及plist设置方法就是小编分享给大家的全部内容了,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持。

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