springsecurity轻松实现角色权限的示例代码
问题：
如何在springboot项目中使用springsecurity去实现角色权限管理呢？本文将尽可能简单的一步步实现对接口的角色权限管理。
项目框架：
sql:
user表：
CREATE TABLE `user` (
`Id` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`UserName` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
`CreatedDT` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
`Age` int DEFAULT NULL,
`Gender` int DEFAULT NULL,
`Password` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`Id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
role表：
CREATE TABLE `role` (
`Id` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`UserId` int DEFAULT NULL,
`Role` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
`CreatedDT` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`Id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=3 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
maven：
在pom.xml中加入
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<!--SpringSecurity依赖配置-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--Hutool Java工具包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
<artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
<version>4.5.7</version>
</dependency>
model:
实体类User要实现springsecurity的基本接口UserDetails,UserDetails里继承了Serializable，不用担心序列化
@Data
public class User implements UserDetails {
public User() {
}
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private Integer id;
private String userName;
private Date createdDT;
private Integer age;
private Integer gender;
private String passWord;
private String role;
private List<GrantedAuthority> authorities;
public User(String userName, String passWord, List<GrantedAuthority> authorities) {
this.userName = userName;
this.passWord = passWord;
this.authorities = authorities;
}
@Override
public Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> getAuthorities() {
return authorities;
}
@Override
public String getPassword() {
return this.passWord;
}
@Override
public String getUsername() {
return this.userName;
}
@Override
public boolean isAccountNonExpired() {
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean isAccountNonLocked() {
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean isCredentialsNonExpired() {
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean isEnabled() {
return true;
}
}
实体类role:
@Data
public class Role implements Serializable {
private Integer id;
private String role;
private Date createdDT;
private Integer userId;
}
mapper:
@Mapper
public interface UserMapper{
User selectOneByName(User user);
}
service:
public interface UserService{
User selectOneByName(User user) throws ServiceException;
}
serviceImpl:
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
@Autowired
private UserMapper mapper;
@Override
public User selectOneByName(User user) throws ServiceException {
return mapper.selectOneByName(user);
}
}
mapper.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.pzh.hyh.demo.mapper.UserMapper"><!-- mapper相对路径-->
<resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.pzh.hyh.demo.model.User"><!-- model相对路径-->
<result column="Id" jdbcType="INTEGER" property="id"/>
<result column="UserName" jdbcType="VARCHAR" property="userName"/>
<result column="CreatedDT" jdbcType="TIMESTAMP" propert="createdDT"/>
<result column="Age" jdbcType="INTEGER" property="age"/>
<result column="Gender" jdbcType="INTEGER" property="gender"/>
<result column="Password" jdbcType="VARCHAR" property="passWord"/>
</resultMap>
<sql id="Base_Column_List">
Id, UserName, CreatedDT, Age, Gender,Password
</sql>
<select id="selectOneByName" parameterType="com.pzh.hyh.demo.model.User" resultMap="BaseResultMap"><!-- model相对路径-->
SELECT u.*,r.role FROM `user` u LEFT JOIN role r on u.Id = r.UserId
where u.UserName = #{userName,jdbcType=VARCHAR}
</select>
</mapper>
config:
首先实现UserDetailsService类。自定义获取用户信息和角色信息。
@Component
public class CustomUserDetailsService implements UserDetailsService {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@Autowired
private HttpServletRequest request;
@Override
public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
// 通过用户名从数据库获取用户信息
User user = userService.selectOneByName(new User(){
{
setUserName(username);
}
});
if (user == null) {
throw new UsernameNotFoundException("用户不存在");
}
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
session.setAttribute(session.getId(),user);
// 得到用户角色
String role = user.getRole();
// 角色集合
List<GrantedAuthority> authorities = new ArrayList<>();
// 角色必须以`ROLE_`开头，数据库中没有，则在这里加
authorities.add(new SimpleGrantedAuthority("ROLE_" + role));
return new User(
user.getUsername(),
user.getPassword(),
authorities
);
}
}
自定义错误提示
@Component
public class MyAccessDeniedHandler implements AccessDeniedHandler {
@Override
public void handle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AccessDeniedException accessDeniedException) throws IOException, ServletException {
response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
response.setContentType("application/json");
response.getWriter().println("{'code':'403','message':'没有访问权限'}");
response.getWriter().flush();
}
}
终于来到security的配置了
@EnableWebSecurity
@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true)
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
@Autowired
private CustomUserDetailsService userDatailService;
@Autowired
private MyAccessDeniedHandler accessDeniedHandler;
@Bean
public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder(){
return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
}
@Override
protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
auth
.userDetailsService(userDatailService)
.passwordEncoder(passwordEncoder());
}
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http
.headers().frameOptions().disable()
.and()
.authorizeRequests()
.antMatchers("不限制访问的路径，如：'/user/*'").permitAll()
.antMatchers("用户拥有规定角色才允许访问的路径，如：'/user/delte'").hasRole("admin")
.antMatchers("规定ip才允许访问的路径，如：'/*'").hasIpAddress("192.168.1.1/24");
.anyRequest().authenticated() // 所有请求都需要验证
.and()
// 跳转自定义成功页
.formLogin().defaultSuccessUrl("/html/index.html")
.and()
.exceptionHandling()
//用户无权限访问链接，给出友好提示
.accessDeniedHandler(accessDeniedHandler)
.and()
.csrf().disable();// post请求要关闭csrf验证,不然访问报错；实际开发中要开启。
}
}
至此，springsecurity的角色权限管理就完成了，如果想要实现方法级的角色权限限制，可以在方法前加入 @PreAuthorize("hasRole('角色')")注解,多个角色可以使用hasAnyRole(),就可以限制拥有规定角色权限的用户才能访问了。
@PreAuthorize("hasRole('admin')")
@RequestMapping(value = "/delete")
public CommonResult delete(@RequestBody int id) {
int i = userService.delete(new User() {
{
setId(id);
}
});
return i > 0 ? processSuccess("删除成功") : processFailure("删除失败");
}
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