基于javascript实现日历功能原理及代码实例

Z时代
2024-01-10
分类：综合

日历

在学习javascript过程中，菜鸟教程有一个javascript实例---css日历，感觉挺有趣的，在它的基础上增加了一些简单的功能（差点哭辽）。

功能

按照传统日历方式显示该月的每一天。

可以突出显示今天的日期

可以翻阅上一个月和下一个月的日历

实现

step1 传统日历布局样式：分别将年份与月份、星期、该月的全部天数采用列表布局，排列组成传统日历的样式。

step2 初始化和更新月份：先将列表清空（debug过程中，有一个发现，初始化的列表便存在的一个childNodes，该项目中需要清空），然后再填入前导空白（为了和星期能够对应），再填入具体某一个月的天数。

step3 通过document获取列表对象，改变今天对应行的样式（className变化）来突出显示。

其他细节在代码中实现

代码

html代码


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>CSS日历</title>
<link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="style.css" rel="external nofollow" >
</head>
<body>
	<h1>CSS日历</h1> 
	<div class="month">
		<ul>
			<li class="prev" onclick="change(-1)">❮</li>
			<li class="next" onclick="change(1)">❯</li>
			<li style="text-align: center"><span id="month">August</span><br>
				<span style="font-size: 18px" id="year">2016</span></li>
		</ul>
	</div>
	<ul class="weekdays" id="weekdays">
	</ul>
	<ul class="days" id="days">
	</ul>
</body>
<script type="text/javascript" src="show.js"></script>
</html>

CSS代码


@charset "UTF-8";
* {box-sizing:border-box;}
ul {list-style-type: none;}
body {font-family: Verdana,sans-serif;}
.center {
  text-align: center;
  border: 3px solid green;
}
.month {
  padding: 70px 25px;
  width: 100%;
  background: #1abc9c;
}
.month ul {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}
.month ul li {
  color: white;
  font-size: 20px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 3px;
}
.month .prev {
  float: left;
  padding-top: 10px;
}
.month .next {
  float: right;
  padding-top: 10px;
}
.weekdays {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 10px 0;
  background-color: #ddd;
}
.weekdays li {
  display: inline-block;
  width: 13.6%;
  color: #666;
  text-align: center;
}
.days {
  padding: 10px 0;
  background: #eee;
  margin: 0;
}
.days li {
  list-style-type: none;
  display: inline-block;
  width: 13.6%;
  text-align: center;
  margin-bottom: 5px;
  font-size:12px;
  color: #777;
}
.days li active {
  padding: 5px;
  background: #1abc9c;
  color: white !important;
}
/* Add media queries for smaller screens */
@media screen and (max-width:720px) {
  .weekdays li, .days li {width: 13.1%;}
}
@media screen and (max-width: 420px) {
  .weekdays li, .days li {width: 12.5%;}
  .days li .active {padding: 2px;}
}
@media screen and (max-width: 290px) {
  .weekdays li, .days li {width: 12.2%;}
}

javascript代码


var date = new Date();
var year = date.getFullYear();
var month=date.getMonth();
var day = date.getDate();
var week=date.getDay();
var p=(week-day+1+35)%7+day-1;
var monthName=[
	"January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"
];
var monthNum=[
	31,28,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31
];
var weekName=[
	"Su","Mo","Tu","We","Th","Fr","Sa"
];
var aimmonth=month,aimyear=year;
function init(){
	createTitle(year,month);
	var weekdays=document.getElementById("weekdays");
	for(var i=0;i<7;i++){ 
		var x = document.createElement("LI");
		var t = document.createTextNode(weekName[i]);
		x.appendChild(t);
		weekdays.appendChild(x);
	}
	delDay();
	createDay();
	isnow();
}
function change(x){ 
	aimmonth+=x;
	if(aimmonth==-1){
		aimyear-=1;
		aimmonth=11;
	}else if(aimmonth==12){
		aimyear+=1;
		aimmonth=0;
	}
	createTitle(aimyear,aimmonth);
	delDay(); 
	createDay();
	isnow();
}
function createTitle(y,m){
	document.getElementById("year").innerHTML=y;
	document.getElementById("month").innerHTML=monthName[m];
}
function createDay(){
	var datetmp=new Date();
	datetmp.setFullYear(aimyear,aimmonth,1);
	var firstday=datetmp.getDay(); 
	var days=document.getElementById("days"); 
	for(var i=0;i<firstday;i++){
		var x = document.createElement("LI");
		var t = document.createTextNode("");
		x.appendChild(t);
		days.appendChild(x);
	}
	for(var i=1;i<=getMonthDay();i++){ 
		var x = document.createElement("LI");
		var t = document.createTextNode(i);
		x.appendChild(t);
		days.appendChild(x);
	} 
}
function delDay(){ 
	var list=document.getElementById("days");
	var len=list.childNodes.length; 
	for(var i=0;i<len;i++){ 
		list.removeChild(list.childNodes[0]);
	}
}
function isnow(){ 
	if(aimyear==year&&aimmonth==month){
		days.childNodes[p].style="padding: 5px;background: #1abc9c;color: white !important;"
	} 
}
function getMonthDay(){
	if(aimmonth!=2){
		return monthNum[aimmonth];
	}else{
		if(aimyear%4!=0||aimyear%100==0&&aimyear%400!=0){
			return monthNum[aimmonth];
		}
		else return 29;
	}
} 
//main
init();