SpringBoot事务注解@Transactional

本文内容纲要:

- 系列目录

- 一、引子

- 二、事务源码

- 2.1 编程式事务TransactionTemplate

- 2.2 申明式事务@Transactional

-

- 三、事务核心源码

- 1. getTransaction获取事务

- 2. commit提交事务

- 3. rollback回滚事务

- 四、时序图

系列目录

spring事务详解(一)初探事务

spring事务详解(二)简单样例

spring事务详解(三)源码详解

spring事务详解(四)测试验证

spring事务详解(五)总结提高

一、引子

在Spring中,事务有两种实现方式:

  1. 编程式事务管理: 编程式事务管理使用TransactionTemplate可实现更细粒度的事务控制。
  2. 申明式事务管理: 基于Spring AOP实现。其本质是对方法前后进行拦截,然后在目标方法开始之前创建或者加入一个事务,在执行完目标方法之后根据执行情况提交或者回滚事务。

申明式事务管理不需要入侵代码,通过@Transactional就可以进行事务操作,更快捷而且简单(尤其是配合spring boot自动配置,可以说是精简至极!),且大部分业务都可以满足,推荐使用。

其实不管是编程式事务还是申明式事务,最终调用的底层核心代码是一致的。本章分别从编程式、申明式入手,再进入核心源码贯穿式讲解。

二、事务源码

2.1 编程式事务TransactionTemplate

编程式事务,Spring已经给我们提供好了模板类TransactionTemplate,可以很方便的使用,如下图:

Image

TransactionTemplate全路径名是:org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate。看包名也知道了这是spring对事务的模板类。(spring动不动就是各种Template...),看下类图先:

Image

一看,哟西,实现了TransactionOperations、InitializingBean这2个接口(熟悉spring源码的知道这个InitializingBean又是老套路),我们来看下接口源码如下:

1 public interface TransactionOperations {

2 3 /** 4 * Execute the action specified by the given callback object within a transaction. 5 * <p>Allows for returning a result object created within the transaction, that is, 6 * a domain object or a collection of domain objects. A RuntimeException thrown 7 * by the callback is treated as a fatal exception that enforces a rollback. 8 * Such an exception gets propagated to the caller of the template. 9 * @param action the callback object that specifies the transactional action 10 * @return a result object returned by the callback, or {@code null} if none 11 * @throws TransactionException in case of initialization, rollback, or system errors 12 * @throws RuntimeException if thrown by the TransactionCallback 13 */ 14 <T> T execute(TransactionCallback<T> action) throws TransactionException; 15 16 } 17 18 public interface InitializingBean { 19 20 /** 21 * Invoked by a BeanFactory after it has set all bean properties supplied 22 * (and satisfied BeanFactoryAware and ApplicationContextAware). 23 * <p>This method allows the bean instance to perform initialization only 24 * possible when all bean properties have been set and to throw an 25 * exception in the event of misconfiguration. 26 * @throws Exception in the event of misconfiguration (such 27 * as failure to set an essential property) or if initialization fails. 28 */ 29 void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception; 30 31 }

如上图,TransactionOperations这个接口用来执行事务的回调方法,InitializingBean这个是典型的spring bean初始化流程中(飞机票:Spring IOC(四)总结升华篇)的预留接口,专用用来在bean属性加载完毕时执行的方法。

回到正题,TransactionTemplate的2个接口的impl方法做了什么?

1     @Override

2 public void afterPropertiesSet() { 3 if (this.transactionManager == null) { 4 throw new IllegalArgumentException("Property 'transactionManager' is required"); 5 } 6 } 7 8 9 @Override 10 public <T> T execute(TransactionCallback<T> action) throws TransactionException {        // 内部封装好的事务管理器 11 if (this.transactionManager instanceof CallbackPreferringPlatformTransactionManager) { 12 return ((CallbackPreferringPlatformTransactionManager) this.transactionManager).execute(this, action); 13 }// 需要手动获取事务,执行方法,提交事务的管理器 14 else {// 1.获取事务状态 15 TransactionStatus status = this.transactionManager.getTransaction(this); 16 T result; 17 try {// 2.执行业务逻辑 18 result = action.doInTransaction(status); 19 } 20 catch (RuntimeException ex) { 21 // 应用运行时异常 -> 回滚 22 rollbackOnException(status, ex); 23 throw ex; 24 } 25 catch (Error err) { 26 // Error异常 -> 回滚 27 rollbackOnException(status, err); 28 throw err; 29 } 30 catch (Throwable ex) { 31 // 未知异常 -> 回滚 32 rollbackOnException(status, ex); 33 throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(ex, "TransactionCallback threw undeclared checked exception"); 34 }// 3.事务提交 35 this.transactionManager.commit(status); 36 return result; 37 } 38 }

如上图所示,实际上afterPropertiesSet只是校验了事务管理器不为空,execute()才是核心方法,execute主要步骤:

1.getTransaction()获取事务,源码见3.3.1

2.doInTransaction()执行业务逻辑,这里就是用户自定义的业务代码。如果是没有返回值的,就是doInTransactionWithoutResult()。

3.commit()事务提交:调用AbstractPlatformTransactionManager的commit,rollbackOnException()异常回滚:调用AbstractPlatformTransactionManager的rollback(),事务提交回滚,源码见3.3.3

2.2 申明式事务@Transactional

1.AOP相关概念

申明式事务使用的是spring AOP,即面向切面编程。(什么❓你不知道什么是AOP...一句话概括就是:把业务代码中重复代码做成一个切面,提取出来,并定义哪些方法需要执行这个切面。其它的自行百度吧...)AOP核心概念如下:

  • 通知(Advice):定义了切面(各处业务代码中都需要的逻辑提炼成的一个切面)做什么what+when何时使用。例如:前置通知Before、后置通知After、返回通知After-returning、异常通知After-throwing、环绕通知Around.
  • 连接点(Joint point):程序执行过程中能够插入切面的点,一般有多个。比如调用方式时、抛出异常时。
  • 切点(Pointcut):切点定义了连接点,切点包含多个连接点,即where哪里使用通知.通常指定类+方法 或者 正则表达式来匹配 类和方法名称。
  • 切面(Aspect):切面=通知+切点,即when+where+what何时何地做什么。
  • 引入(Introduction):允许我们向现有的类添加新方法或属性。
  • 织入(Weaving):织入是把切面应用到目标对象并创建新的代理对象的过程。

2.申明式事务

申明式事务整体调用过程,可以抽出2条线:

1.使用代理模式,生成代理增强类。

2.根据代理事务管理配置类,配置事务的织入,在业务方法前后进行环绕增强,增加一些事务的相关操作。例如获取事务属性、提交事务、回滚事务。

过程如下图:

Image

申明式事务使用@Transactional这种注解的方式,那么我们就从springboot 容器启动时的自动配置载入(spring boot容器启动详解)开始看。在/META-INF/spring.factories中配置文件中查找,如下图:

Image

载入2个关于事务的自动配置类:

org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.transaction.TransactionAutoConfiguration,

org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.transaction.jta.JtaAutoConfiguration,

jta咱们就不看了,看一下TransactionAutoConfiguration这个自动配置类:

1 @Configuration

2 @ConditionalOnClass(PlatformTransactionManager.class)

3 @AutoConfigureAfter({ JtaAutoConfiguration.class, HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration.class,

4 DataSourceTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration.class,

5 Neo4jDataAutoConfiguration.class })

6 @EnableConfigurationProperties(TransactionProperties.class)

7 public class TransactionAutoConfiguration {

8

9 @Bean

10 @ConditionalOnMissingBean

11 public TransactionManagerCustomizers platformTransactionManagerCustomizers(

12 ObjectProvider<List<PlatformTransactionManagerCustomizer<?>>> customizers) {

13 return new TransactionManagerCustomizers(customizers.getIfAvailable());

14 }

15

16 @Configuration

17 @ConditionalOnSingleCandidate(PlatformTransactionManager.class)

18 public static class TransactionTemplateConfiguration {

19

20 private final PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager;

21

22 public TransactionTemplateConfiguration(

23 PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager) {

24 this.transactionManager = transactionManager;

25 }

26

27 @Bean

28 @ConditionalOnMissingBean

29 public TransactionTemplate transactionTemplate() {

30 return new TransactionTemplate(this.transactionManager);

31 }

32 }

33

34 @Configuration

35 @ConditionalOnBean(PlatformTransactionManager.class)

36 @ConditionalOnMissingBean(AbstractTransactionManagementConfiguration.class)

37 public static class EnableTransactionManagementConfiguration {

38

39 @Configuration

40 @EnableTransactionManagement(proxyTargetClass = false)

41 @ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.aop", name = "proxy-target-class", havingValue = "false", matchIfMissing = false)

42 public static class JdkDynamicAutoProxyConfiguration {

43

44 }

45

46 @Configuration

47 @EnableTransactionManagement(proxyTargetClass = true)

48 @ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.aop", name = "proxy-target-class", havingValue = "true", matchIfMissing = true)

49 public static class CglibAutoProxyConfiguration {

50

51 }

52

53 }

54

55 }

TransactionAutoConfiguration这个类主要看:

1.2个类注解

@ConditionalOnClass(PlatformTransactionManager.class)即类路径下包含PlatformTransactionManager这个类时这个自动配置生效,这个类是spring事务的核心包,肯定引入了。

@AutoConfigureAfter({ JtaAutoConfiguration.class, HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration.class, DataSourceTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration.class, Neo4jDataAutoConfiguration.class }),这个配置在括号中的4个配置类后才生效。

  1. 2个内部类

TransactionTemplateConfiguration事务模板配置类:

@ConditionalOnSingleCandidate(PlatformTransactionManager.class)当能够唯一确定一个PlatformTransactionManager bean时才生效。

@ConditionalOnMissingBean如果没有定义TransactionTemplate bean生成一个。

EnableTransactionManagementConfiguration开启事务管理器配置类:

@ConditionalOnBean(PlatformTransactionManager.class)当存在PlatformTransactionManager bean时生效。

@ConditionalOnMissingBean(AbstractTransactionManagementConfiguration.class)当没有自定义抽象事务管理器配置类时才生效。(即用户自定义抽象事务管理器配置类会优先,如果没有,就用这个默认事务管理器配置类)

EnableTransactionManagementConfiguration支持2种代理方式:

  • 1.JdkDynamicAutoProxyConfiguration:

@EnableTransactionManagement(proxyTargetClass = false),即proxyTargetClass = false表示是JDK动态代理支持的是:面向接口代理。

@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.aop", name = "proxy-target-class", havingValue = "false", matchIfMissing = false),即spring.aop.proxy-target-class=false时生效,且没有这个配置不生效。

  • 2.CglibAutoProxyConfiguration:

@EnableTransactionManagement(proxyTargetClass = true),即proxyTargetClass = true标识Cglib代理支持的是子类继承代理。

@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.aop", name = "proxy-target-class", havingValue = "true", matchIfMissing = true),即spring.aop.proxy-target-class=true时生效,且没有这个配置默认生效。

**注意了,**默认没有配置,走的Cglib代理。说明@Transactional注解支持直接加在类上。

好吧,看了这么多配置类,终于到了@EnableTransactionManagement这个注解了。

1 @Target(ElementType.TYPE)

2 @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)

3 @Documented

4 @Import(TransactionManagementConfigurationSelector.class)

5 public @interface EnableTransactionManagement {

6

7 //proxyTargetClass = false表示是JDK动态代理支持接口代理。true表示是Cglib代理支持子类继承代理。

8 boolean proxyTargetClass() default false;

9

10 //事务通知模式(切面织入方式),默认代理模式(同一个类中方法互相调用拦截器不会生效),可以选择增强型AspectJ

11 AdviceMode mode() default AdviceMode.PROXY;

12

13 //连接点上有多个通知时,排序,默认最低。值越大优先级越低。

14 int order() default Ordered.LOWEST_PRECEDENCE;

15

16 }

重点看类注解@Import(TransactionManagementConfigurationSelector.class)

TransactionManagementConfigurationSelector类图如下:

Image

如上图所示,TransactionManagementConfigurationSelector继承自AdviceModeImportSelector实现了ImportSelector接口。

1 public class TransactionManagementConfigurationSelector extends AdviceModeImportSelector<EnableTransactionManagement> {

2

3 /**

4 * {@inheritDoc}

5 * @return {@link ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration} or

6 * {@code AspectJTransactionManagementConfiguration} for {@code PROXY} and

7 * {@code ASPECTJ} values of {@link EnableTransactionManagement#mode()}, respectively

8 */

9 @Override

10 protected String[] selectImports(AdviceMode adviceMode) {

11 switch (adviceMode) {

12 case PROXY:

13 return new String[] {AutoProxyRegistrar.class.getName(), ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration.class.getName()};

14 case ASPECTJ:

15 return new String[] {TransactionManagementConfigUtils.TRANSACTION_ASPECT_CONFIGURATION_CLASS_NAME};

16 default:

17 return null;

18 }

19 }

20

21 }

如上图,最终会执行selectImports方法导入需要加载的类,我们只看proxy模式下,载入了AutoProxyRegistrar、ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration2个类。

  • AutoProxyRegistrar:给容器中注册一个 InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator 组件;利用后置处理器机制在对象创建以后,包装对象,返回一个代理对象(增强器),代理对象执行方法利用拦截器链进行调用;
  • ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration:就是一个配置类,定义了事务增强器。

AutoProxyRegistrar

先看AutoProxyRegistrar实现了ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar接口,复写registerBeanDefinitions方法,源码如下:

1 public void registerBeanDefinitions(AnnotationMetadata importingClassMetadata, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {

2 boolean candidateFound = false;

3 Set<String> annoTypes = importingClassMetadata.getAnnotationTypes();

4 for (String annoType : annoTypes) {

5 AnnotationAttributes candidate = AnnotationConfigUtils.attributesFor(importingClassMetadata, annoType);

6 if (candidate == null) {

7 continue;

8 }

9 Object mode = candidate.get("mode");

10 Object proxyTargetClass = candidate.get("proxyTargetClass");

11 if (mode != null && proxyTargetClass != null && AdviceMode.class == mode.getClass() &&

12 Boolean.class == proxyTargetClass.getClass()) {

13 candidateFound = true;

14 if (mode == AdviceMode.PROXY) {//代理模式

15 AopConfigUtils.registerAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary(registry);

16 if ((Boolean) proxyTargetClass) {//如果是CGLOB子类代理模式

17 AopConfigUtils.forceAutoProxyCreatorToUseClassProxying(registry);

18 return;

19 }

20 }

21 }

22 }

23 if (!candidateFound) {

24 String name = getClass().getSimpleName();

25 logger.warn(String.format("%s was imported but no annotations were found " +

26 "having both 'mode' and 'proxyTargetClass' attributes of type " +

27 "AdviceMode and boolean respectively. This means that auto proxy " +

28 "creator registration and configuration may not have occurred as " +

29 "intended, and components may not be proxied as expected. Check to " +

30 "ensure that %s has been @Import'ed on the same class where these " +

31 "annotations are declared; otherwise remove the import of %s " +

32 "altogether.", name, name, name));

33 }

34 }

代理模式:AopConfigUtils.registerAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary(registry);

最终调用的是:registerOrEscalateApcAsRequired(InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator.class, registry, source);基础构建增强自动代理构造器

1 private static BeanDefinition registerOrEscalateApcAsRequired(Class<?> cls, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry, Object source) {

2 Assert.notNull(registry, "BeanDefinitionRegistry must not be null");

       //如果当前注册器包含internalAutoProxyCreator

3 if (registry.containsBeanDefinition(AUTO_PROXY_CREATOR_BEAN_NAME)) {//org.springframework.aop.config.internalAutoProxyCreator内部自动代理构造器

4 BeanDefinition apcDefinition = registry.getBeanDefinition(AUTO_PROXY_CREATOR_BEAN_NAME);

5 if (!cls.getName().equals(apcDefinition.getBeanClassName())) {//如果当前类不是internalAutoProxyCreator

6 int currentPriority = findPriorityForClass(apcDefinition.getBeanClassName());

7 int requiredPriority = findPriorityForClass(cls);

8 if (currentPriority < requiredPriority) {//如果下标大于已存在的内部自动代理构造器,index越小,优先级越高,InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator index=0,requiredPriority最小,不进入

9 apcDefinition.setBeanClassName(cls.getName());

10 }

11 }

12 return null;//直接返回

13 }//如果当前注册器不包含internalAutoProxyCreator,则把当前类作为根定义

14 RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition = new RootBeanDefinition(cls);

15 beanDefinition.setSource(source);

16 beanDefinition.getPropertyValues().add("order", Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE);//优先级最高

17 beanDefinition.setRole(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE);

18 registry.registerBeanDefinition(AUTO_PROXY_CREATOR_BEAN_NAME, beanDefinition);

19 return beanDefinition;

20 }

如上图,APC_PRIORITY_LIST列表如下图:

1 /**

2 * Stores the auto proxy creator classes in escalation order.

3 */

4 private static final List<Class<?>> APC_PRIORITY_LIST = new ArrayList<Class<?>>();

5

6 /**

7 * 优先级上升list

8 */

9 static {

10 APC_PRIORITY_LIST.add(InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator.class);

11 APC_PRIORITY_LIST.add(AspectJAwareAdvisorAutoProxyCreator.class);

12 APC_PRIORITY_LIST.add(AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator.class);

13 }

如上图,由于InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator这个类在list中第一个index=0,requiredPriority最小,不进入,所以没有重置beanClassName,啥都没做,返回null.

那么增强代理类何时生成呢?

InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator类图如下:

Image

如上图所示,看2个核心方法:InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor接口的postProcessBeforeInstantiation实例化前+BeanPostProcessor接口的postProcessAfterInitialization初始化后。关于spring bean生命周期飞机票:Spring IOC(四)总结升华篇

1     @Override

2 public Object postProcessBeforeInstantiation(Class<?> beanClass, String beanName) throws BeansException {

3 Object cacheKey = getCacheKey(beanClass, beanName);

4

5 if (beanName == null || !this.targetSourcedBeans.contains(beanName)) {

6 if (this.advisedBeans.containsKey(cacheKey)) {//如果已经存在直接返回

7 return null;

8 }//是否基础构件(基础构建不需要代理):Advice、Pointcut、Advisor、AopInfrastructureBean这四类都算基础构建

9 if (isInfrastructureClass(beanClass) || shouldSkip(beanClass, beanName)) {

10 this.advisedBeans.put(cacheKey, Boolean.FALSE);//添加进advisedBeans ConcurrentHashMap<k=Object,v=Boolean>标记是否需要增强实现,这里基础构建bean不需要代理,都置为false,供后面postProcessAfterInitialization实例化后使用。

11 return null;

12 }

13 }

14

15 // TargetSource是spring aop预留给我们用户自定义实例化的接口,如果存在TargetSource就不会默认实例化,而是按照用户自定义的方式实例化,咱们没有定义,不进入

18 if (beanName != null) {

19 TargetSource targetSource = getCustomTargetSource(beanClass, beanName);

20 if (targetSource != null) {

21 this.targetSourcedBeans.add(beanName);

22 Object[] specificInterceptors = getAdvicesAndAdvisorsForBean(beanClass, beanName, targetSource);

23 Object proxy = createProxy(beanClass, beanName, specificInterceptors, targetSource);

24 this.proxyTypes.put(cacheKey, proxy.getClass());

25 return proxy;

26 }

27 }

28

29 return null;

30 }

通过追踪,由于InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator是基础构建类,

advisedBeans.put(cacheKey, Boolean.FALSE)

添加进advisedBeans ConcurrentHashMap<k=Object,v=Boolean>标记是否需要增强实现,这里基础构建bean不需要代理,都置为false,供后面postProcessAfterInitialization实例化后使用。

我们再看postProcessAfterInitialization源码如下:

1     @Override

2 public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {

3 if (bean != null) {

4 Object cacheKey = getCacheKey(bean.getClass(), beanName);

5 if (!this.earlyProxyReferences.contains(cacheKey)) {

6 return wrapIfNecessary(bean, beanName, cacheKey);

7 }

8 }

9 return bean;

10 }

11

12 protected Object wrapIfNecessary(Object bean, String beanName, Object cacheKey) {

       // 如果是用户自定义获取实例,不需要增强处理,直接返回

13 if (beanName != null && this.targetSourcedBeans.contains(beanName)) {

14 return bean;

15 }// 查询map缓存,标记过false,不需要增强直接返回

16 if (Boolean.FALSE.equals(this.advisedBeans.get(cacheKey))) {

17 return bean;

18 }// 判断一遍springAOP基础构建类,标记过false,不需要增强直接返回

19 if (isInfrastructureClass(bean.getClass()) || shouldSkip(bean.getClass(), beanName)) {

20 this.advisedBeans.put(cacheKey, Boolean.FALSE);

21 return bean;

22 }

23

24 // 获取增强List<Advisor> advisors

25 Object[] specificInterceptors = getAdvicesAndAdvisorsForBean(bean.getClass(), beanName, null);

       // 如果存在增强

26 if (specificInterceptors != DO_NOT_PROXY) {

27 this.advisedBeans.put(cacheKey, Boolean.TRUE);// 标记增强为TRUE,表示需要增强实现

         // 生成增强代理类

28 Object proxy = createProxy(

29 bean.getClass(), beanName, specificInterceptors, new SingletonTargetSource(bean));

30 this.proxyTypes.put(cacheKey, proxy.getClass());

31 return proxy;

32 }

33      // 如果不存在增强,标记false,作为缓存,再次进入提高效率,第16行利用缓存先校验

34 this.advisedBeans.put(cacheKey, Boolean.FALSE);

35 return bean;

36 }

下面看核心方法createProxy如下:

1     protected Object createProxy(

2 Class<?> beanClass, String beanName, Object[] specificInterceptors, TargetSource targetSource) {

3      // 如果是ConfigurableListableBeanFactory接口(咱们DefaultListableBeanFactory就是该接口的实现类)则,暴露目标类

4 if (this.beanFactory instanceof ConfigurableListableBeanFactory) {

         //给beanFactory->beanDefinition定义一个属性:k=AutoProxyUtils.originalTargetClass,v=需要被代理的bean class

5 AutoProxyUtils.exposeTargetClass((ConfigurableListableBeanFactory) this.beanFactory, beanName, beanClass);

6 }

7

8 ProxyFactory proxyFactory = new ProxyFactory();

9 proxyFactory.copyFrom(this);

10      //如果不是代理目标类

11 if (!proxyFactory.isProxyTargetClass()) {//如果beanFactory定义了代理目标类(CGLIB)

12 if (shouldProxyTargetClass(beanClass, beanName)) {

13 proxyFactory.setProxyTargetClass(true);//代理工厂设置代理目标类

14 }

15 else {//否则设置代理接口(JDK)

16 evaluateProxyInterfaces(beanClass, proxyFactory);

17 }

18 }

19      //把拦截器包装成增强(通知)

20 Advisor[] advisors = buildAdvisors(beanName, specificInterceptors);

21 proxyFactory.addAdvisors(advisors);//设置进代理工厂

22 proxyFactory.setTargetSource(targetSource);

23 customizeProxyFactory(proxyFactory);//空方法,留给子类拓展用,典型的spring的风格,喜欢处处留后路

24      //用于控制代理工厂是否还允许再次添加通知,默认为false(表示不允许)

25 proxyFactory.setFrozen(this.freezeProxy);

26 if (advisorsPreFiltered()) {//默认false,上面已经前置过滤了匹配的增强Advisor

27 proxyFactory.setPreFiltered(true);

28 }

29 //代理工厂获取代理对象的核心方法

30 return proxyFactory.getProxy(getProxyClassLoader());

31 }

最终我们生成的是CGLIB代理类.到此为止我们分析完了代理类的构造过程。

ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration

下面来看ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration:

1 @Configuration

2 public class ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration extends AbstractTransactionManagementConfiguration {

3

4 @Bean(name = TransactionManagementConfigUtils.TRANSACTION_ADVISOR_BEAN_NAME)

5 @Role(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE)//定义事务增强器

6 public BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor transactionAdvisor() {

7 BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor j = new BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor();

8 advisor.setTransactionAttributeSource(transactionAttributeSource());

9 advisor.setAdvice(transactionInterceptor());

10 advisor.setOrder(this.enableTx.<Integer>getNumber("order"));

11 return advisor;

12 }

13

14 @Bean

15 @Role(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE)//定义基于注解的事务属性资源

16 public TransactionAttributeSource transactionAttributeSource() {

17 return new AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource();

18 }

19

20 @Bean

21 @Role(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE)//定义事务拦截器

22 public TransactionInterceptor transactionInterceptor() {

23 TransactionInterceptor interceptor = new TransactionInterceptor();

24 interceptor.setTransactionAttributeSource(transactionAttributeSource());

25 if (this.txManager != null) {

26 interceptor.setTransactionManager(this.txManager);

27 }

28 return interceptor;

29 }

30

31 }

核心方法:transactionAdvisor()事务织入

定义了一个advisor,设置事务属性、设置事务拦截器TransactionInterceptor、设置顺序。核心就是事务拦截器TransactionInterceptor。

TransactionInterceptor使用通用的spring事务基础架构实现“声明式事务”,继承自TransactionAspectSupport类(该类包含与Spring的底层事务API的集成),实现了MethodInterceptor接口。spring类图如下:

Image

事务拦截器的拦截功能就是依靠实现了MethodInterceptor接口,熟悉spring的同学肯定很熟悉MethodInterceptor了,这个是spring的方法拦截器,主要看invoke方法:

1 @Override

2 public Object invoke(final MethodInvocation invocation) throws Throwable {

3 // Work out the target class: may be {@code null}.

4 // The TransactionAttributeSource should be passed the target class

5 // as well as the method, which may be from an interface.

6 Class<?> targetClass = (invocation.getThis() != null ? AopUtils.getTargetClass(invocation.getThis()) : null);

7

8 // 调用TransactionAspectSupport的 invokeWithinTransaction方法

9 return invokeWithinTransaction(invocation.getMethod(), targetClass, new InvocationCallback() {

10 @Override

11 public Object proceedWithInvocation() throws Throwable {

12 return invocation.proceed();

13 }

14 });

15 }

如上图TransactionInterceptor复写MethodInterceptor接口的invoke方法,并在invoke方法中调用了父类TransactionAspectSupport的invokeWithinTransaction()方法,源码如下:

1 protected Object invokeWithinTransaction(Method method, Class<?> targetClass, final InvocationCallback invocation)

2 throws Throwable {  

3

4 // 如果transaction attribute为空,该方法就是非事务(非编程式事务)

5 final TransactionAttribute txAttr = getTransactionAttributeSource().getTransactionAttribute(method, targetClass);

6 final PlatformTransactionManager tm = determineTransactionManager(txAttr);

7 final String joinpointIdentification = methodIdentification(method, targetClass, txAttr);

8      // 标准声明式事务:如果事务属性为空 或者 非回调偏向的事务管理器

9 if (txAttr == null || !(tm instanceof CallbackPreferringPlatformTransactionManager)) {

10 // Standard transaction demarcation with getTransaction and commit/rollback calls.

11 TransactionInfo txInfo = createTransactionIfNecessary(tm, txAttr, joinpointIdentification);

12 Object retVal = null;

13 try {

14 // 这里就是一个环绕增强,在这个proceed前后可以自己定义增强实现

15 // 方法执行

16 retVal = invocation.proceedWithInvocation();

17 }

18 catch (Throwable ex) {

19 // 根据事务定义的,该异常需要回滚就回滚,否则提交事务

20 completeTransactionAfterThrowing(txInfo, ex);

21 throw ex;

22 }

23 finally {//清空当前事务信息,重置为老的

24 cleanupTransactionInfo(txInfo);

25 }//返回结果之前提交事务

26 commitTransactionAfterReturning(txInfo);

27 return retVal;

28 }

29      // 编程式事务:(回调偏向)

30 else {

31 final ThrowableHolder throwableHolder = new ThrowableHolder();

32

33 // It's a CallbackPreferringPlatformTransactionManager: pass a TransactionCallback in.

34 try {

35 Object result = ((CallbackPreferringPlatformTransactionManager) tm).execute(txAttr,

36 new TransactionCallback<Object>() {

37 @Override

38 public Object doInTransaction(TransactionStatus status) {

39 TransactionInfo txInfo = prepareTransactionInfo(tm, txAttr, joinpointIdentification, status);

40 try {

41 return invocation.proceedWithInvocation();

42 }

43 catch (Throwable ex) {// 如果该异常需要回滚

44 if (txAttr.rollbackOn(ex)) {

45 // 如果是运行时异常返回

46 if (ex instanceof RuntimeException) {

47 throw (RuntimeException) ex;

48 }// 如果是其它异常都抛ThrowableHolderException

49 else {

50 throw new ThrowableHolderException(ex);

51 }

52 }// 如果不需要回滚

53 else {

54 // 定义异常,最终就直接提交事务了

55 throwableHolder.throwable = ex;

56 return null;

57 }

58 }

59 finally {//清空当前事务信息,重置为老的

60 cleanupTransactionInfo(txInfo);

61 }

62 }

63 });

64

65 // 上抛异常

66 if (throwableHolder.throwable != null) {

67 throw throwableHolder.throwable;

68 }

69 return result;

70 }

71 catch (ThrowableHolderException ex) {

72 throw ex.getCause();

73 }

74 catch (TransactionSystemException ex2) {

75 if (throwableHolder.throwable != null) {

76 logger.error("Application exception overridden by commit exception", throwableHolder.throwable);

77 ex2.initApplicationException(throwableHolder.throwable);

78 }

79 throw ex2;

80 }

81 catch (Throwable ex2) {

82 if (throwableHolder.throwable != null) {

83 logger.error("Application exception overridden by commit exception", throwableHolder.throwable);

84 }

85 throw ex2;

86 }

87 }

88 }

如上图,我们主要看第一个分支,申明式事务,核心流程如下:

1.createTransactionIfNecessary():如果有必要,创建事务

2.InvocationCallback的proceedWithInvocation():InvocationCallback是父类的内部回调接口,子类中实现该接口供父类调用,子类TransactionInterceptor中invocation.proceed()。回调方法执行

3.异常回滚completeTransactionAfterThrowing()

1.createTransactionIfNecessary():

1 protected TransactionInfo createTransactionIfNecessary(

2 PlatformTransactionManager tm, TransactionAttribute txAttr, final String joinpointIdentification) {

3

4 // 如果还没有定义名字,把连接点的ID定义成事务的名称

5 if (txAttr != null && txAttr.getName() == null) {

6 txAttr = new DelegatingTransactionAttribute(txAttr) {

7 @Override

8 public String getName() {

9 return joinpointIdentification;

10 }

11 };

12 }

13

14 TransactionStatus status = null;

15 if (txAttr != null) {

16 if (tm != null) {

17 status = tm.getTransaction(txAttr);

18 }

19 else {

20 if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {

21 logger.debug("Skipping transactional joinpoint [" + joinpointIdentification +

22 "] because no transaction manager has been configured");

23 }

24 }

25 }

26 return prepareTransactionInfo(tm, txAttr, joinpointIdentification, status);

27 }

核心就是:

1)getTransaction(),根据事务属性获取事务TransactionStatus,大道归一,都是调用PlatformTransactionManager.getTransaction(),源码见3.3.1。

2)prepareTransactionInfo(),构造一个TransactionInfo事务信息对象,绑定当前线程:ThreadLocal

2.invocation.proceed()回调业务方法:

最终实现类是ReflectiveMethodInvocation,类图如下:

Image

如上图,ReflectiveMethodInvocation类实现了ProxyMethodInvocation接口,但是ProxyMethodInvocation继承了3层接口...ProxyMethodInvocation->MethodInvocation->Invocation->Joinpoint

Joinpoint:连接点接口,定义了执行接口:Object proceed() throws Throwable; 执行当前连接点,并跳到拦截器链上的下一个拦截器。

Invocation:调用接口,继承自Joinpoint,定义了获取参数接口: Object[] getArguments();是一个带参数的、可被拦截器拦截的连接点。

MethodInvocation:方法调用接口,继承自Invocation,定义了获取方法接口:Method getMethod(); 是一个带参数的可被拦截的连接点方法。

ProxyMethodInvocation:代理方法调用接口,继承自MethodInvocation,定义了获取代理对象接口:Object getProxy();是一个由代理类执行的方法调用连接点方法。

ReflectiveMethodInvocation:实现了ProxyMethodInvocation接口,自然就实现了父类接口的的所有接口。获取代理类,获取方法,获取参数,用代理类执行这个方法并且自动跳到下一个连接点。

下面看一下proceed方法源码:

1 @Override

2 public Object proceed() throws Throwable {

3 // 启动时索引为-1,唤醒连接点,后续递增

4 if (this.currentInterceptorIndex == this.interceptorsAndDynamicMethodMatchers.size() - 1) {

5 return invokeJoinpoint();

6 }

7

8 Object interceptorOrInterceptionAdvice =

9 this.interceptorsAndDynamicMethodMatchers.get(++this.currentInterceptorIndex);

10 if (interceptorOrInterceptionAdvice instanceof InterceptorAndDynamicMethodMatcher) {

11 // 这里进行动态方法匹配校验,静态的方法匹配早已经校验过了(MethodMatcher接口有两种典型:动态/静态校验)

13 InterceptorAndDynamicMethodMatcher dm =

14 (InterceptorAndDynamicMethodMatcher) interceptorOrInterceptionAdvice;

15 if (dm.methodMatcher.matches(this.method, this.targetClass, this.arguments)) {

16 return dm.interceptor.invoke(this);

17 }

18 else {

19 // 动态匹配失败,跳过当前拦截,进入下一个(拦截器链)

21 return proceed();

22 }

23 }

24 else {

25 // 它是一个拦截器,所以我们只调用它:在构造这个对象之前,切入点将被静态地计算。

27 return ((MethodInterceptor) interceptorOrInterceptionAdvice).invoke(this);

28 }

29 }

咱们这里最终调用的是((MethodInterceptor) interceptorOrInterceptionAdvice).invoke(this);就是TransactionInterceptor事务拦截器回调 目标业务方法(addUserBalanceAndUser)。

3.completeTransactionAfterThrowing()

最终调用AbstractPlatformTransactionManager的rollback(),提交事务commitTransactionAfterReturning()最终调用AbstractPlatformTransactionManager的commit(),源码见3.3.3

总结:

可见不管是编程式事务,还是声明式事务,最终源码都是调用事务管理器的PlatformTransactionManager接口的3个方法:

  1. getTransaction
  2. commit
  3. rollback

下一节我们就来看看这个事务管理如何实现这3个方法。

三、事务核心源码

咱们看一下核心类图:

Image

如上提所示,PlatformTransactionManager顶级接口定义了最核心的事务管理方法,下面一层是AbstractPlatformTransactionManager抽象类,实现了PlatformTransactionManager接口的方法并定义了一些抽象方法,供子类拓展。最后下面一层是2个经典事务管理器:

1.DataSourceTransactionmanager,即JDBC单数据库事务管理器,基于Connection实现,

2.JtaTransactionManager,即多数据库事务管理器(又叫做分布式事务管理器),其实现了JTA规范,使用XA协议进行两阶段提交。

我们这里只看基于JDBC connection的DataSourceTransactionmanager源码。

PlatformTransactionManager接口:

1 public interface PlatformTransactionManager {

2 // 获取事务状态 3 TransactionStatus getTransaction(TransactionDefinition definition) throws TransactionException; 4   // 事务提交 5 void commit(TransactionStatus status) throws TransactionException; 6   // 事务回滚 7 void rollback(TransactionStatus status) throws TransactionException; 8 }

1. getTransaction获取事务

Image

AbstractPlatformTransactionManager实现了getTransaction()方法如下:

1     @Override

2 public final TransactionStatus getTransaction(TransactionDefinition definition) throws TransactionException { 3 Object transaction = doGetTransaction(); 4 5 // Cache debug flag to avoid repeated checks. 6 boolean debugEnabled = logger.isDebugEnabled(); 7 8 if (definition == null) { 9 // Use defaults if no transaction definition given. 10 definition = new DefaultTransactionDefinition(); 11 } 12      // 如果当前已经存在事务 13 if (isExistingTransaction(transaction)) { 14 // 根据不同传播机制不同处理 15 return handleExistingTransaction(definition, transaction, debugEnabled); 16 } 17 18 // 超时不能小于默认值 19 if (definition.getTimeout() < TransactionDefinition.TIMEOUT_DEFAULT) { 20 throw new InvalidTimeoutException("Invalid transaction timeout", definition.getTimeout()); 21 } 22 23 // 当前不存在事务,传播机制=MANDATORY(支持当前事务,没事务报错),报错 24 if (definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_MANDATORY) { 25 throw new IllegalTransactionStateException( 26 "No existing transaction found for transaction marked with propagation 'mandatory'"); 27 }// 当前不存在事务,传播机制=REQUIRED/REQUIRED_NEW/NESTED,这三种情况,需要新开启事务,且加上事务同步 28 else if (definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_REQUIRED || 29 definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_REQUIRES_NEW || 30 definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_NESTED) { 31 SuspendedResourcesHolder suspendedResources = suspend(null); 32 if (debugEnabled) { 33 logger.debug("Creating new transaction with name [" + definition.getName() + "]: " + definition); 34 } 35 try {// 是否需要新开启同步// 开启// 开启 36 boolean newSynchronization = (getTransactionSynchronization() != SYNCHRONIZATION_NEVER); 37 DefaultTransactionStatus status = newTransactionStatus( 38 definition, transaction, true, newSynchronization, debugEnabled, suspendedResources); 39 doBegin(transaction, definition);// 开启新事务 40 prepareSynchronization(status, definition);//预备同步 41 return status; 42 } 43 catch (RuntimeException ex) { 44 resume(null, suspendedResources); 45 throw ex; 46 } 47 catch (Error err) { 48 resume(null, suspendedResources); 49 throw err; 50 } 51 } 52 else { 53 // 当前不存在事务当前不存在事务,且传播机制=PROPAGATION_SUPPORTS/PROPAGATION_NOT_SUPPORTED/PROPAGATION_NEVER,这三种情况,创建“空”事务:没有实际事务,但可能是同步。警告:定义了隔离级别,但并没有真实的事务初始化,隔离级别被忽略有隔离级别但是并没有定义实际的事务初始化,有隔离级别但是并没有定义实际的事务初始化, 54 if (definition.getIsolationLevel() != TransactionDefinition.ISOLATION_DEFAULT && logger.isWarnEnabled()) { 55 logger.warn("Custom isolation level specified but no actual transaction initiated; " + 56 "isolation level will effectively be ignored: " + definition); 57 } 58 boolean newSynchronization = (getTransactionSynchronization() == SYNCHRONIZATION_ALWAYS); 59 return prepareTransactionStatus(definition, null, true, newSynchronization, debugEnabled, null); 60 } 61 }

如上图,源码分成了2条处理线,

1.当前已存在事务:isExistingTransaction()判断是否存在事务,存在事务handleExistingTransaction()根据不同传播机制不同处理

2.当前不存在事务: 不同传播机制不同处理

handleExistingTransaction()源码如下:

1 private TransactionStatus handleExistingTransaction(

2 TransactionDefinition definition, Object transaction, boolean debugEnabled)

3 throws TransactionException {

4      // 1.NERVER(不支持当前事务;如果当前事务存在,抛出异常)报错

5 if (definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_NEVER) {

6 throw new IllegalTransactionStateException(

7 "Existing transaction found for transaction marked with propagation 'never'");

8 }

9      // 2.NOT_SUPPORTED(不支持当前事务,现有同步将被挂起)挂起当前事务

10 if (definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_NOT_SUPPORTED) {

11 if (debugEnabled) {

12 logger.debug("Suspending current transaction");

13 }

14 Object suspendedResources = suspend(transaction);

15 boolean newSynchronization = (getTransactionSynchronization() == SYNCHRONIZATION_ALWAYS);

16 return prepareTransactionStatus(

17 definition, null, false, newSynchronization, debugEnabled, suspendedResources);

18 }

19      // 3.REQUIRES_NEW挂起当前事务,创建新事务

20 if (definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_REQUIRES_NEW) {

21 if (debugEnabled) {

22 logger.debug("Suspending current transaction, creating new transaction with name [" +

23 definition.getName() + "]");

24 }// 挂起当前事务

25 SuspendedResourcesHolder suspendedResources = suspend(transaction);

26 try {// 创建新事务

27 boolean newSynchronization = (getTransactionSynchronization() != SYNCHRONIZATION_NEVER);

28 DefaultTransactionStatus status = newTransactionStatus(

29 definition, transaction, true, newSynchronization, debugEnabled, suspendedResources);

30 doBegin(transaction, definition);

31 prepareSynchronization(status, definition);

32 return status;

33 }

34 catch (RuntimeException beginEx) {

35 resumeAfterBeginException(transaction, suspendedResources, beginEx);

36 throw beginEx;

37 }

38 catch (Error beginErr) {

39 resumeAfterBeginException(transaction, suspendedResources, beginErr);

40 throw beginErr;

41 }

42 }

43      // 4.NESTED嵌套事务

44 if (definition.getPropagationBehavior() == TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_NESTED) {

45 if (!isNestedTransactionAllowed()) {

46 throw new NestedTransactionNotSupportedException(

47 "Transaction manager does not allow nested transactions by default - " +

48 "specify 'nestedTransactionAllowed' property with value 'true'");

49 }

50 if (debugEnabled) {

51 logger.debug("Creating nested transaction with name [" + definition.getName() + "]");

52 }// 是否支持保存点:非JTA事务走这个分支。AbstractPlatformTransactionManager默认是true,JtaTransactionManager复写了该方法false,DataSourceTransactionmanager没有复写,还是true,

53 if (useSavepointForNestedTransaction()) {

54 // Usually uses JDBC 3.0 savepoints. Never activates Spring synchronization.

55 DefaultTransactionStatus status =

56 prepareTransactionStatus(definition, transaction, false, false, debugEnabled, null);

57 status.createAndHoldSavepoint();// 创建保存点

58 return status;

59 }

60 else {

61 // JTA事务走这个分支,创建新事务

62 boolean newSynchronization = (getTransactionSynchronization() != SYNCHRONIZATION_NEVER);

63 DefaultTransactionStatus status = newTransactionStatus(

64 definition, transaction, true, newSynchronization, debugEnabled, null);

65 doBegin(transaction, definition);

66 prepareSynchronization(status, definition);

67 return status;

68 }

69 }

70

71

72 if (debugEnabled) {

73 logger.debug("Participating in existing transaction");

74 }

75 if (isValidateExistingTransaction()) {

76 if (definition.getIsolationLevel() != TransactionDefinition.ISOLATION_DEFAULT) {

77 Integer currentIsolationLevel = TransactionSynchronizationManager.getCurrentTransactionIsolationLevel();

78 if (currentIsolationLevel == null || currentIsolationLevel != definition.getIsolationLevel()) {

79 Constants isoConstants = DefaultTransactionDefinition.constants;

80 throw new IllegalTransactionStateException("Participating transaction with definition [" +

81 definition + "] specifies isolation level which is incompatible with existing transaction: " +

82 (currentIsolationLevel != null ?

83 isoConstants.toCode(currentIsolationLevel, DefaultTransactionDefinition.PREFIX_ISOLATION) :

84 "(unknown)"));

85 }

86 }

87 if (!definition.isReadOnly()) {

88 if (TransactionSynchronizationManager.isCurrentTransactionReadOnly()) {

89 throw new IllegalTransactionStateException("Participating transaction with definition [" +

90 definition + "] is not marked as read-only but existing transaction is");

91 }

92 }

93 }// 到这里PROPAGATION_SUPPORTS 或 PROPAGATION_REQUIRED或PROPAGATION_MANDATORY,存在事务加入事务即可,prepareTransactionStatus第三个参数就是是否需要新事务。false代表不需要新事物

94 boolean newSynchronization = (getTransactionSynchronization() != SYNCHRONIZATION_NEVER);

95 return prepareTransactionStatus(definition, transaction, false, newSynchronization, debugEnabled, null);

96 }

如上图,当前线程已存在事务情况下,新的不同隔离级别处理情况:

1.NERVER:不支持当前事务;如果当前事务存在,抛出异常:"Existing transaction found for transaction marked with propagation 'never'"

2.NOT_SUPPORTED:不支持当前事务,现有同步将被挂起:suspend()

3.REQUIRES_NEW挂起当前事务,创建新事务:

  1)suspend()

  2)doBegin()

4.NESTED嵌套事务

  1)非JTA事务:createAndHoldSavepoint()创建JDBC3.0保存点,不需要同步

  2) JTA事务:开启新事务,doBegin()+prepareSynchronization()需要同步

这里有几个核心方法:挂起当前事务suspend()、开启新事务doBegin()。

suspend()源码如下:

1 protected final SuspendedResourcesHolder suspend(Object transaction) throws TransactionException {

2 if (TransactionSynchronizationManager.isSynchronizationActive()) {// 1.当前存在同步,

3 List<TransactionSynchronization> suspendedSynchronizations = doSuspendSynchronization();

4 try {

5 Object suspendedResources = null;

6 if (transaction != null) {// 事务不为空,挂起事务

7 suspendedResources = doSuspend(transaction);

8 }// 解除绑定当前事务各种属性:名称、只读、隔离级别、是否是真实的事务.

9 String name = TransactionSynchronizationManager.getCurrentTransactionName();

10 TransactionSynchronizationManager.setCurrentTransactionName(null);

11 boolean readOnly = TransactionSynchronizationManager.isCurrentTransactionReadOnly();

12 TransactionSynchronizationManager.setCurrentTransactionReadOnly(false);

13 Integer isolationLevel = TransactionSynchronizationManager.getCurrentTransactionIsolationLevel();

14 TransactionSynchronizationManager.setCurrentTransactionIsolationLevel(null);

15 boolean wasActive = TransactionSynchronizationManager.isActualTransactionActive();

16 TransactionSynchronizationManager.setActualTransactionActive(false);

17 return new SuspendedResourcesHolder(

18 suspendedResources, suspendedSynchronizations, name, readOnly, isolationLevel, wasActive);

19 }

20 catch (RuntimeException ex) {

21 // doSuspend failed - original transaction is still active...

22 doResumeSynchronization(suspendedSynchronizations);

23 throw ex;

24 }

25 catch (Error err) {

26 // doSuspend failed - original transaction is still active...

27 doResumeSynchronization(suspendedSynchronizations);

28 throw err;

29 }

30 }// 2.没有同步但,事务不为空,挂起事务

31 else if (transaction != null) {

32 // Transaction active but no synchronization active.

33 Object suspendedResources = doSuspend(transaction);

34 return new SuspendedResourcesHolder(suspendedResources);

35 }// 2.没有同步但,事务为空,什么都不用做

36 else {

37 // Neither transaction nor synchronization active.

38 return null;

39 }

40 }

doSuspend(),挂起事务,AbstractPlatformTransactionManager抽象类doSuspend()会报错:不支持挂起,如果具体事务执行器支持就复写doSuspend(),DataSourceTransactionManager实现如下:

1 @Override

2 protected Object doSuspend(Object transaction) {

3 DataSourceTransactionObject txObject = (DataSourceTransactionObject) transaction;

4 txObject.setConnectionHolder(null);

5 return TransactionSynchronizationManager.unbindResource(this.dataSource);

6 }

挂起DataSourceTransactionManager事务的核心操作就是:

1.把当前事务的connectionHolder数据库连接持有者清空。

2.当前线程解绑datasource.其实就是ThreadLocal移除对应变量(TransactionSynchronizationManager类中定义的private static final ThreadLocal<Map<Object, Object>> resources = new NamedThreadLocal<Map<Object, Object>>("Transactional resources");

TransactionSynchronizationManager事务同步管理器,该类维护了多个线程本地变量ThreadLocal,如下图:

1 public abstract class TransactionSynchronizationManager {

2 3 private static final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(TransactionSynchronizationManager.class); 4 // 事务资源:map<k,v> 两种数据对。1.会话工厂和会话k=SqlsessionFactory v=SqlSessionHolder 2.数据源和连接k=DataSource v=ConnectionHolder 5 private static final ThreadLocal<Map<Object, Object>> resources = 6 new NamedThreadLocal<Map<Object, Object>>("Transactional resources"); 7 // 事务同步 8 private static final ThreadLocal<Set<TransactionSynchronization>> synchronizations = 9 new NamedThreadLocal<Set<TransactionSynchronization>>("Transaction synchronizations"); 10   // 当前事务名称 11 private static final ThreadLocal<String> currentTransactionName = 12 new NamedThreadLocal<String>("Current transaction name"); 13   // 当前事务的只读属性 14 private static final ThreadLocal<Boolean> currentTransactionReadOnly = 15 new NamedThreadLocal<Boolean>("Current transaction read-only status"); 16   // 当前事务的隔离级别 17 private static final ThreadLocal<Integer> currentTransactionIsolationLevel = 18 new NamedThreadLocal<Integer>("Current transaction isolation level"); 19   // 是否存在事务 20 private static final ThreadLocal<Boolean> actualTransactionActive = 21 new NamedThreadLocal<Boolean>("Actual transaction active"); 22 。。。 23 }

doBegin()源码如下:

1 @Override

2 protected void doBegin(Object transaction, TransactionDefinition definition) {

3 DataSourceTransactionObject txObject = (DataSourceTransactionObject) transaction;

4 Connection con = null;

5

6 try {// 如果事务还没有connection或者connection在事务同步状态,重置新的connectionHolder

7 if (!txObject.hasConnectionHolder() ||

8 txObject.getConnectionHolder().isSynchronizedWithTransaction()) {

9 Connection newCon = this.dataSource.getConnection();

10 if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {

11 logger.debug("Acquired Connection [" + newCon + "] for JDBC transaction");

12 }// 重置新的connectionHolder

13 txObject.setConnectionHolder(new ConnectionHolder(newCon), true);

14 }

15        //设置新的连接为事务同步中

16 txObject.getConnectionHolder().setSynchronizedWithTransaction(true);

17 con = txObject.getConnectionHolder().getConnection();

18      //conn设置事务隔离级别,只读

19 Integer previousIsolationLevel = DataSourceUtils.prepareConnectionForTransaction(con, definition);

20 txObject.setPreviousIsolationLevel(previousIsolationLevel);//DataSourceTransactionObject设置事务隔离级别

21

22 // 如果是自动提交切换到手动提交

23 // so we don't want to do it unnecessarily (for example if we've explicitly

24 // configured the connection pool to set it already).

25 if (con.getAutoCommit()) {

26 txObject.setMustRestoreAutoCommit(true);

27 if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {

28 logger.debug("Switching JDBC Connection [" + con + "] to manual commit");

29 }

30 con.setAutoCommit(false);

31 }

32        // 如果只读,执行sql设置事务只读

33 prepareTransactionalConnection(con, definition);

34 txObject.getConnectionHolder().setTransactionActive(true);// 设置connection持有者的事务开启状态

35

36 int timeout = determineTimeout(definition);

37 if (timeout != TransactionDefinition.TIMEOUT_DEFAULT) {

38 txObject.getConnectionHolder().setTimeoutInSeconds(timeout);// 设置超时秒数

39 }

40

41 // 绑定connection持有者到当前线程

42 if (txObject.isNewConnectionHolder()) {

43 TransactionSynchronizationManager.bindResource(getDataSource(), txObject.getConnectionHolder());

44 }

45 }

46

47 catch (Throwable ex) {

48 if (txObject.isNewConnectionHolder()) {

49 DataSourceUtils.releaseConnection(con, this.dataSource);

50 txObject.setConnectionHolder(null, false);

51 }

52 throw new CannotCreateTransactionException("Could not open JDBC Connection for transaction", ex);

53 }

54 }

如上图,开启新事务的准备工作doBegin()的核心操作就是:

1.DataSourceTransactionObject“数据源事务对象”,设置ConnectionHolder,再给ConnectionHolder设置各种属性:自动提交、超时、事务开启、隔离级别。

2.给当前线程绑定一个线程本地变量,key=DataSource数据源 v=ConnectionHolder数据库连接。

2. commit提交事务

一、讲解源码之前先看一下资源管理类:

SqlSessionSynchronization是SqlSessionUtils的一个内部类,继承自TransactionSynchronizationAdapter抽象类,实现了事务同步接口TransactionSynchronization。

类图如下:

Image

TransactionSynchronization接口定义了事务操作时的对应资源的(JDBC事务那么就是SqlSessionSynchronization)管理方法:

1     // 挂起事务   

2   void suspend();

3 // 唤醒事务    4   void resume();

5

6 void flush();

7

8 // 提交事务前

9 void beforeCommit(boolean readOnly);

10

11 // 提交事务完成前

12 void beforeCompletion();

13

14 // 提交事务后

15 void afterCommit();

16

17 // 提交事务完成后

18 void afterCompletion(int status);

后续很多都是使用这些接口管理事务。

二、 commit提交事务

Image

AbstractPlatformTransactionManager的commit源码如下:

1 @Override

2 public final void commit(TransactionStatus status) throws TransactionException {

3 if (status.isCompleted()) {// 如果事务已完结,报错无法再次提交

4 throw new IllegalTransactionStateException(

5 "Transaction is already completed - do not call commit or rollback more than once per transaction");

6 }

7

8 DefaultTransactionStatus defStatus = (DefaultTransactionStatus) status;

9 if (defStatus.isLocalRollbackOnly()) {// 如果事务明确标记为回滚,

10 if (defStatus.isDebug()) {

11 logger.debug("Transactional code has requested rollback");

12 }

13 processRollback(defStatus);//执行回滚

14 return;

15 }//如果不需要全局回滚时提交 且 全局回滚

16 if (!shouldCommitOnGlobalRollbackOnly() && defStatus.isGlobalRollbackOnly()) {

17 if (defStatus.isDebug()) {

18 logger.debug("Global transaction is marked as rollback-only but transactional code requested commit");

19 }//执行回滚

20 processRollback(defStatus);

21 // 仅在最外层事务边界(新事务)或显式地请求时抛出“未期望的回滚异常”

23 if (status.isNewTransaction() || isFailEarlyOnGlobalRollbackOnly()) {

24 throw new UnexpectedRollbackException(

25 "Transaction rolled back because it has been marked as rollback-only");

26 }

27 return;

28 }

29      // 执行提交事务

30 processCommit(defStatus);

31 }

如上图,各种判断:

  • 1.如果事务明确标记为本地回滚,-》执行回滚
  • 2.如果不需要全局回滚时提交 且 全局回滚-》执行回滚
  • 3.提交事务,核心方法processCommit()

processCommit如下:

1 private void processCommit(DefaultTransactionStatus status) throws TransactionException {

2 try {

3 boolean beforeCompletionInvoked = false;

4 try {//3个前置操作

5 prepareForCommit(status);

6 triggerBeforeCommit(status);

7 triggerBeforeCompletion(status);

8 beforeCompletionInvoked = true;//3个前置操作已调用

9 boolean globalRollbackOnly = false;//新事务 或 全局回滚失败

10 if (status.isNewTransaction() || isFailEarlyOnGlobalRollbackOnly()) {

11 globalRollbackOnly = status.isGlobalRollbackOnly();

12 }//1.有保存点,即嵌套事务

13 if (status.hasSavepoint()) {

14 if (status.isDebug()) {

15 logger.debug("Releasing transaction savepoint");

16 }//释放保存点

17 status.releaseHeldSavepoint();

18 }//2.新事务

19 else if (status.isNewTransaction()) {

20 if (status.isDebug()) {

21 logger.debug("Initiating transaction commit");

22 }//调用事务处理器提交事务

23 doCommit(status);

24 }

25 // 3.非新事务,且全局回滚失败,但是提交时没有得到异常,抛出异常

27 if (globalRollbackOnly) {

28 throw new UnexpectedRollbackException(

29 "Transaction silently rolled back because it has been marked as rollback-only");

30 }

31 }

32 catch (UnexpectedRollbackException ex) {

33 // 触发完成后事务同步,状态为回滚

34 triggerAfterCompletion(status, TransactionSynchronization.STATUS_ROLLED_BACK);

35 throw ex;

36 }// 事务异常

37 catch (TransactionException ex) {

38 // 提交失败回滚

39 if (isRollbackOnCommitFailure()) {

40 doRollbackOnCommitException(status, ex);

41 }// 触发完成后回调,事务同步状态为未知

42 else {

43 triggerAfterCompletion(status, TransactionSynchronization.STATUS_UNKNOWN);

44 }

45 throw ex;

46 }// 运行时异常

47 catch (RuntimeException ex) {

            // 如果3个前置步骤未完成,调用前置的最后一步操作

48 if (!beforeCompletionInvoked) {

49 triggerBeforeCompletion(status);

50 }// 提交异常回滚

51 doRollbackOnCommitException(status, ex);

52 throw ex;

53 }// 其它异常

54 catch (Error err) {  

            // 如果3个前置步骤未完成,调用前置的最后一步操作

55 if (!beforeCompletionInvoked) {

56 triggerBeforeCompletion(status);

57 }// 提交异常回滚

58 doRollbackOnCommitException(status, err);

59 throw err;

60 }

61

62 // Trigger afterCommit callbacks, with an exception thrown there

63 // propagated to callers but the transaction still considered as committed.

64 try {

65 triggerAfterCommit(status);

66 }

67 finally {

68 triggerAfterCompletion(status, TransactionSynchronization.STATUS_COMMITTED);

69 }

70

71 }

72 finally {

73 cleanupAfterCompletion(status);

74 }

75 }

如上图,commit事务时,有6个核心操作,分别是3个前置操作,3个后置操作,如下:

1.prepareForCommit(status);源码是空的,没有拓展目前。

2.triggerBeforeCommit(status); 提交前触发操作

1 protected final void triggerBeforeCommit(DefaultTransactionStatus status) {

2 if (status.isNewSynchronization()) {

3 if (status.isDebug()) {

4 logger.trace("Triggering beforeCommit synchronization");

5 }

6 TransactionSynchronizationUtils.triggerBeforeCommit(status.isReadOnly());

7 }

8 }

triggerBeforeCommit源码如下:

1 public static void triggerBeforeCommit(boolean readOnly) {

2 for (TransactionSynchronization synchronization : TransactionSynchronizationManager.getSynchronizations()) {

3 synchronization.beforeCommit(readOnly);

4 }

5 }

如上图,TransactionSynchronizationManager类定义了多个ThreadLocal(线程本地变量),其中一个用以保存当前线程的事务同步:

private static final ThreadLocal<Set<TransactionSynchronization>> synchronizations = new NamedThreadLocal<Set<TransactionSynchronization>>("Transaction synchronizations");

遍历事务同步器,把每个事务同步器都执行“提交前”操作,比如咱们用的jdbc事务,那么最终就是SqlSessionUtils.beforeCommit()->this.holder.getSqlSession().commit();提交会话。(源码由于是spring管理实务,最终不会执行事务提交,例如是DefaultSqlSession:执行清除缓存、重置状态操作)

3.triggerBeforeCompletion(status);完成前触发操作,如果是jdbc事务,那么最终就是,

SqlSessionUtils.beforeCompletion->

TransactionSynchronizationManager.unbindResource(sessionFactory); 解绑当前线程的会话工厂

this.holder.getSqlSession().close();关闭会话。(源码由于是spring管理实务,最终不会执行事务close操作,例如是DefaultSqlSession,也会执行各种清除收尾操作)

4.triggerAfterCommit(status);提交事务后触发操作。TransactionSynchronizationUtils.triggerAfterCommit();->TransactionSynchronizationUtils.invokeAfterCommit,如下:

1 public static void invokeAfterCommit(List<TransactionSynchronization> synchronizations) {

2 if (synchronizations != null) {

3 for (TransactionSynchronization synchronization : synchronizations) {

4 synchronization.afterCommit();

5 }

6 }

7 }

好吧,一顿找,最后在TransactionSynchronizationAdapter中复写过,并且是空的....SqlSessionSynchronization继承了TransactionSynchronizationAdapter但是没有复写这个方法。

  1. triggerAfterCompletion(status, TransactionSynchronization.STATUS_COMMITTED);

TransactionSynchronizationUtils.TransactionSynchronizationUtils.invokeAfterCompletion,如下:

1 public static void invokeAfterCompletion(List<TransactionSynchronization> synchronizations, int completionStatus) {

2 if (synchronizations != null) {

3 for (TransactionSynchronization synchronization : synchronizations) {

4 try {

5 synchronization.afterCompletion(completionStatus);

6 }

7 catch (Throwable tsex) {

8 logger.error("TransactionSynchronization.afterCompletion threw exception", tsex);

9 }

10 }

11 }

12 }

afterCompletion:对于JDBC事务来说,最终:

1)如果会话任然活着,关闭会话,

2)重置各种属性:SQL会话同步器(SqlSessionSynchronization)的SQL会话持有者(SqlSessionHolder)的referenceCount引用计数、synchronizedWithTransaction同步事务、rollbackOnly只回滚、deadline超时时间点。

6.cleanupAfterCompletion(status);

1)设置事务状态为已完成。

  1. 如果是新的事务同步,解绑当前线程绑定的数据库资源,重置数据库连接

3)如果存在挂起的事务(嵌套事务),唤醒挂起的老事务的各种资源:数据库资源、同步器。

1     private void cleanupAfterCompletion(DefaultTransactionStatus status) {

2 status.setCompleted();//设置事务状态完成

       //如果是新的同步,清空当前线程绑定的除了资源外的全部线程本地变量:包括事务同步器、事务名称、只读属性、隔离级别、真实的事务激活状态

3 if (status.isNewSynchronization()) {

4 TransactionSynchronizationManager.clear();

5 }//如果是新的事务同步

6 if (status.isNewTransaction()) {

7 doCleanupAfterCompletion(status.getTransaction());

8 }//如果存在挂起的资源

9 if (status.getSuspendedResources() != null) {

10 if (status.isDebug()) {

11 logger.debug("Resuming suspended transaction after completion of inner transaction");

12 }//唤醒挂起的事务和资源(重新绑定之前挂起的数据库资源,唤醒同步器,注册同步器到TransactionSynchronizationManager)

13 resume(status.getTransaction(), (SuspendedResourcesHolder) status.getSuspendedResources());

14 }

15 }

对于DataSourceTransactionManager,doCleanupAfterCompletion源码如下:

1     protected void doCleanupAfterCompletion(Object transaction) {

2 DataSourceTransactionObject txObject = (DataSourceTransactionObject) transaction;

3

4 // 如果是最新的连接持有者,解绑当前线程绑定的<数据库资源,ConnectionHolder>

5 if (txObject.isNewConnectionHolder()) {

6 TransactionSynchronizationManager.unbindResource(this.dataSource);

7 }

8

9 // 重置数据库连接(隔离级别、只读)

10 Connection con = txObject.getConnectionHolder().getConnection();

11 try {

12 if (txObject.isMustRestoreAutoCommit()) {

13 con.setAutoCommit(true);

14 }

15 DataSourceUtils.resetConnectionAfterTransaction(con, txObject.getPreviousIsolationLevel());

16 }

17 catch (Throwable ex) {

18 logger.debug("Could not reset JDBC Connection after transaction", ex);

19 }

20

21 if (txObject.isNewConnectionHolder()) {

22 if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {

23 logger.debug("Releasing JDBC Connection [" + con + "] after transaction");

24 }// 资源引用计数-1,关闭数据库连接

25 DataSourceUtils.releaseConnection(con, this.dataSource);

26 }

27 // 重置连接持有者的全部属性

28 txObject.getConnectionHolder().clear();

29 }

3. rollback回滚事务

Image

AbstractPlatformTransactionManager中rollback源码如下:

1     public final void rollback(TransactionStatus status) throws TransactionException {

2 if (status.isCompleted()) {

3 throw new IllegalTransactionStateException(

4 "Transaction is already completed - do not call commit or rollback more than once per transaction");

5 }

6

7 DefaultTransactionStatus defStatus = (DefaultTransactionStatus) status;

8 processRollback(defStatus);

9 }

processRollback源码如下:

1     private void processRollback(DefaultTransactionStatus status) {

2 try {

3 try {// 解绑当前线程绑定的会话工厂,并关闭会话

4 triggerBeforeCompletion(status);

5 if (status.hasSavepoint()) {// 1.如果有保存点,即嵌套式事务

6 if (status.isDebug()) {

7 logger.debug("Rolling back transaction to savepoint");

8 }//回滚到保存点

9 status.rollbackToHeldSavepoint();

10 }//2.如果就是一个简单事务

11 else if (status.isNewTransaction()) {

12 if (status.isDebug()) {

13 logger.debug("Initiating transaction rollback");

14 }//回滚核心方法

15 doRollback(status);

16 }//3.当前存在事务且没有保存点,即加入当前事务的

17 else if (status.hasTransaction()) {//如果已经标记为回滚 或 当加入事务失败时全局回滚(默认true)

18 if (status.isLocalRollbackOnly() || isGlobalRollbackOnParticipationFailure()) {

19 if (status.isDebug()) {//debug时会打印:加入事务失败-标记已存在事务为回滚

20 logger.debug("Participating transaction failed - marking existing transaction as rollback-only");

21 }//设置当前connectionHolder:当加入一个已存在事务时回滚

22 doSetRollbackOnly(status);

23 }

24 else {

25 if (status.isDebug()) {

26 logger.debug("Participating transaction failed - letting transaction originator decide on rollback");

27 }

28 }

29 }

30 else {

31 logger.debug("Should roll back transaction but cannot - no transaction available");

32 }

33 }

34 catch (RuntimeException ex) {//关闭会话,重置SqlSessionHolder属性

35 triggerAfterCompletion(status, TransactionSynchronization.STATUS_UNKNOWN);

36 throw ex;

37 }

38 catch (Error err) {

39 triggerAfterCompletion(status, TransactionSynchronization.STATUS_UNKNOWN);

40 throw err;

41 }

42 triggerAfterCompletion(status, TransactionSynchronization.STATUS_ROLLED_BACK);

43 }

44 finally {、、解绑当前线程

45 cleanupAfterCompletion(status);

46 }

47 }

如上图,有几个公共方法和提交事务时一致,就不再重复。

这里主要看doRollback,DataSourceTransactionManager的doRollback()源码如下:

1 protected void doRollback(DefaultTransactionStatus status) {

2 DataSourceTransactionObject txObject = (DataSourceTransactionObject) status.getTransaction();

3 Connection con = txObject.getConnectionHolder().getConnection();

4 if (status.isDebug()) {

5 logger.debug("Rolling back JDBC transaction on Connection [" + con + "]");

6 }

7 try {

8 con.rollback();

9 }

10 catch (SQLException ex) {

11 throw new TransactionSystemException("Could not roll back JDBC transaction", ex);

12 }

13 }

好吧,一点不复杂,就是Connection的rollback.

四、时序图

特地整理了时序图(简单的新事务,没有画出保存点等情况)如下:

Image

===========参考========

《Spring实战4》第四章 面向切面的Spring  

SpringBoot事务注解@Transactional

本文内容总结:系列目录,一、引子,二、事务源码,2.1 编程式事务TransactionTemplate,2.2 申明式事务@Transactional,,三、事务核心源码,1. getTransaction获取事务,2. commit提交事务,3. rollback回滚事务,四、时序图,

原文链接:https://www.cnblogs.com/dennyzhangdd/p/9602673.html

以上是 SpringBoot事务注解@Transactional 的全部内容, 来源链接: utcz.com/z/296833.html

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