Spring中基于AOP的@AspectJ

本文内容纲要:Spring中基于AOP的@AspectJ

以下内容引用自http://wiki.jikexueyuan.com/project/spring/aop-with-spring-framenwork/aspectj-based-aop-with-spring.html:

@AspectJ是指将Java方法注解为Java 5注解的常规Java类的方式。通过在基于XML Schema的配置文件中包含以下元素来启用@AspectJ支持。

<aop:aspectj-autoproxy/>

还需要使用以下AspectJ库:

   <!-- aspectjrt.jar -->

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.aspectj/aspectjrt -->

<dependency>

<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>

<artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>

<version>1.8.10</version>

</dependency>

<!-- aspectjweaver。jar -->

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.aspectj/aspectjweaver -->

<dependency>

<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>

<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>

<version>1.8.10</version>

</dependency>

集成步骤:

1、声明一个aspect(方面)

Aspects类和其他任何正常的bean一样,除了它们将会用@AspectJ注解之外,它和其他类一样可能有方法和字段,如下所示:

package org.xyz;

import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;

@Aspect

public class AspectModule {

}

它们将在XML中按照如下进行配置,就和其他任何bean一样:

<bean id = "myAspect" class = "org.xyz.AspectModule">

<!-- configure properties of aspect here as normal -->

</bean>

2、声明一个pointcut(切入点)

切入点有助于确定要用不同建议执行的关联点(即方法)。在使用基于@AspectJ的配置时,切入点声明有两部分:

  • 一个切入点表达式,确定我们要用哪些方法执行。
  • 包括名称和任意数量的参数的切入点签名。该方法的实体是无关紧要的,其实应该是空的。

以下示例定义了一个名为“businessService”的切入点,它将匹配com.xyz.myapp.service包下的类中可用的每个方法的执行:

import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut;

@Pointcut("execution(* com.xyz.myapp.service.*.*(..))") // expression

private void businessService() {} // signature

以下示例定义了一个名为“getname”的切入点,该切入点将匹配在包com.tutorialspoint下的Student类中可用的getName()方法的执行:

import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut;

@Pointcut("execution(* com.tutorialspoint.Student.getName(..))")

private void getname() {}

提示:

①类似:“execution(*com.tutorialspoint.Student.getName(..))”这样的语法叫做AspectJ切入点语法,参考:http://www.cnblogs.com/EasonJim/p/6901806.html

②官方文档关于AspectJ的介绍:https://docs.spring.io/spring/docs/current/spring-framework-reference/html/aop.html#aop-ataspectj

3、声明建议(通知类型)

你可以使用代码片段中给出的@{ADVICE-NAME}注释声明建议五个中的任何一个。这假设你已经定义了一个切入点签名方法businessService():

@Before("businessService()")

public void doBeforeTask(){

...

}

@After("businessService()")

public void doAfterTask(){

...

}

@AfterReturning(pointcut="businessService()", returning="retVal")

public void doAfterReturnningTask(Object retVal) {

// you can intercept retVal here.

...

}

@AfterThrowing(pointcut="businessService()", throwing="ex")

public void doAfterThrowingTask(Exception ex) {

// you can intercept thrown exception here.

...

}

@Around("businessService()")

public void doAroundTask(){

...

}

你可以为任何建议内联定义切入点。以下是在建议之前定义内联切入点的示例:

@Before("execution(* com.xyz.myapp.service.*.*(..))")

public doBeforeTask(){

...

}

可以看出代码上的自由度还是非常高的,比如这个在XML中无法实现。

例子:

pom.xml:

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

<groupId>com.jsoft.testspring</groupId>

<artifactId>testaopaspectj</artifactId>

<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

<packaging>jar</packaging>

<name>testaopaspectj</name>

<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

<properties>

<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>

</properties>

<dependencies>

<dependency>

<groupId>junit</groupId>

<artifactId>junit</artifactId>

<version>3.8.1</version>

<scope>test</scope>

</dependency>

<!-- Spring Core -->

<!-- http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-core -->

<dependency>

<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>

<version>4.1.4.RELEASE</version>

</dependency>

<!-- Spring Context -->

<!-- http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-context -->

<dependency>

<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>

<version>4.1.4.RELEASE</version>

</dependency>

<!-- String AOP -->

<!-- http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-aop -->

<dependency>

<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>

<version>4.1.4.RELEASE</version>

</dependency>

<!-- aspectjrt.jar -->

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.aspectj/aspectjrt -->

<dependency>

<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>

<artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>

<version>1.8.10</version>

</dependency>

<!-- aspectjweaver.jar -->

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.aspectj/aspectjweaver -->

<dependency>

<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>

<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>

<version>1.8.10</version>

</dependency>

</dependencies>

</project>

Student.java:

package com.jsoft.testspring.testaopaspectj;

public class Student {

private Integer age;

private String name;

public void setAge(Integer age) {

this.age = age;

}

public Integer getAge() {

System.out.println("Age : " + age);

return age;

}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

}

public String getName() {

System.out.println("Name : " + name);

return name;

}

public void printThrowException() {

System.out.println("Exception raised");

throw new IllegalArgumentException();

}

}

Logging.java:

package com.jsoft.testspring.testaopaspectj;

import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.After;

import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterReturning;

import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterThrowing;

import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;

import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before;

import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut;

@Aspect

public class Logging {

@Pointcut("execution(* com.jsoft.testspring..*.*(..))")

private void selectAll(){}

@Before("selectAll()")

public void beforeAdvice(){

System.out.println("Going to setup student profile.");

}

@After("selectAll()")

public void afterAdvice(){

System.out.println("Student profile has been setup.");

}

@AfterReturning(pointcut="selectAll()", returning="retVal")

public void afterReturningAdvice(Object retVal){

System.out.println("Returning:" + retVal.toString() );

}

@AfterThrowing(pointcut="selectAll()", throwing="ex")

public void AfterThrowingAdvice(IllegalArgumentException ex){

System.out.println("There has been an exception: " + ex.toString());

}

}

beans.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop

http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">

<aop:aspectj-autoproxy/>

<bean id="student" class="com.jsoft.testspring.testaopaspectj.Student">

<property name="name" value="Zara" />

<property name="age" value="11"/>

</bean>

<bean id="logging" class="com.jsoft.testspring.testaopaspectj.Logging"/>

</beans>

这里定义looging的bean是用于实例化。

App.java:

package com.jsoft.testspring.testaopaspectj;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;

import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

/**

* Hello world!

*

*/

public class App {

public static void main(String[] args) {

ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");

Student student = (Student) context.getBean("student");

student.getName();

student.getAge();

student.printThrowException();

}

}

测试结果:

Image

测试工程:https://github.com/easonjim/5_java_example/tree/master/springtest/test16/testaopaspectj

本文内容总结:Spring中基于AOP的@AspectJ

原文链接:https://www.cnblogs.com/EasonJim/p/6906218.html

以上是 Spring中基于AOP的@AspectJ 的全部内容, 来源链接: utcz.com/z/296779.html

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