结合源码浅析Struts2与Spring整合的原理

本文内容纲要:结合源码浅析Struts2与Spring整合的原理

本文假设读者已经自己动手整合过Struts2和Spring这两个框架。我想说明的重点不是如何整合这两个框架,而是为什么经过配置之后Struts的Action等对象可以由Spring来管理,即找到两个框架的衔接点。

笔者用的是框架版本分别为Struts-2.3和Spring-4.1。

-------------------------------------------------------

文章的结构如下:

一、回顾Struts2与Spring整合的配置方法

二、(重点)对关键配置的分析

--------------------------------------------------------

一、回顾Struts2与Spring整合的配置方法

  1. 创建一个普通的Web应用(含/WEB-INF/web.xml)

  2. 配置Struts2

  首先,我们要导入Struts2所需的Jar包(先不考虑整合用的包),导包的就不多说了。接下来,我们要创建struts.xml配置文件,我把配置文件放在CLASSPATH /src 中。这里我先创建一个测试用的package,配置文件的主要内容如下:

1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

2 <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd" >

3 <struts>

4 <package name="test" extends="struts-default" namespace="/">

5 </package>

6 </struts>

  接下来,我们要在Web应用的配置文件web.xml中配置Struts2的过滤器StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter,用来过滤所有的请求,配置文件如下:

1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

2 <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" version="3.0">

3 <display-name>ssh7</display-name>

4 <filter>

5 <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>

6 <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>

7 </filter>

8 <filter-mapping>

9 <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>

10 <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>

11 </filter-mapping>

12 </web-app>

  Struts2配置到这里就可以了,启动一下,看看成不成功。if 成功 then 继续下一步,else 检查一下导的包对不对,或者配置文件的路径和内容有没有错。

  1. 配置Spring

  首先,导入Spring所需的Jar包(先不考虑整合所需的包)。

  接下来,创建Spring配置文件,我创建的配置文件为applicationContext.xml,放在/WEB-INF目录下。配置文件如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd ">

</beans>

  1. 整合Struts2与Spring

  1)在web.xml配置文件中配置一个上下文初始化参数(context-param),配置片段如下:

<context-param>

<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name><!--这个参数用于指定Spring配置文件的位置-->

<param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value>

</context-param>

2)web.xml配置文件中配置监听器org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener,用于监听ServletContext的加载,配置文件片段如下:

<listener>

<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>

</listener>

  3)导入Struts2的Spring插件包struts2-spring-plugin-2.3.16.3.jar,这是一个Struts2的插件包,用于在Struts2中引入Spring。  

  4)启动服务器,看看成功没有。(注意:检查一下有没有把需要的包都复制到/WEB-INF/lib中)

  1. 创建一个测试用的Action,并在struts.xml和applicationContext.xml中配置,

  Action类:

package way.blog.struts2spring.action;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

public class TestAction extends ActionSupport{

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

public TestAction() {

}

public String execute(){

return "success";

}

}

  applicationContext.xml配置片段:

<bean id="testAction" class="way.blog.struts2spring.action.TestAction" scope="prototype">

</bean>

  struts.xml配置片段:

<package name="test" extends="struts-default" namespace="/">

<!-- 这里action的class属性我们不填实现类的类名,而是填这个action在Spring配置中的bean的名称 -->

<action name="testAction" class="testAction" method="execute">

<result name="success">/index.jsp</result>

</action>

</package>

  运行服务器并访问该Action,页面成功跳转到/index.jsp,说明Struts2和Spring整合成功。

二、(重点)对关键配置的分析

  1. 整合过程中,web.xml里添加的初始化参数(context-param) contextConfigLocation,是用来指定Spring配置文件的位置的,在这个例子中,参数的值为/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml,那这个参数是被谁使用的呢?我们可以猜到可能与web.xml中添加的监听器有关,接着往下看。

  2. web.xml中添加的监听器org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener,继承了ContextLoader类,实现了ServletContextListener接口,所以它是在监听Web应用的状态(启动和关闭),即监听ServletContext对象的状态(初始化和销毁),这里我查看Spring的源码:

  ContextLoaderListener类片段:

/**

* Initialize the root web application context.

*/

@Override

public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent event) {

initWebApplicationContext(event.getServletContext());

}

  监听器监听ServletContext的初始化,在初始化完成后调用contextInitialized方法,contextInitialized方法中调用了父类ContextLoader中的initWebApplicationContext方法,并把初始化完成的ServletContext对象作为参数传入,我们看看ContextLoader的源码:

  ContextLoader源码片段:

1     /**

2 * Initialize Spring's web application context for the given servlet context,

3 * using the application context provided at construction time, or creating a new one

4 * according to the "{@link #CONTEXT_CLASS_PARAM contextClass}" and

5 * "{@link #CONFIG_LOCATION_PARAM contextConfigLocation}" context-params.

6 * @param servletContext current servlet context

7 * @return the new WebApplicationContext

8 * @see #ContextLoader(WebApplicationContext)

9 * @see #CONTEXT_CLASS_PARAM

10 * @see #CONFIG_LOCATION_PARAM

11 */

12 public WebApplicationContext initWebApplicationContext(ServletContext servletContext) {

13 if (servletContext.getAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE) != null) {

14 throw new IllegalStateException(

15 "Cannot initialize context because there is already a root application context present - " +

16 "check whether you have multiple ContextLoader* definitions in your web.xml!");

17 }

18

19 Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(ContextLoader.class);

20 servletContext.log("Initializing Spring root WebApplicationContext");

21 if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {

22 logger.info("Root WebApplicationContext: initialization started");

23 }

24 long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();

25

26 try {

27 // Store context in local instance variable, to guarantee that

28 // it is available on ServletContext shutdown.

29 if (this.context == null) {

30 this.context = createWebApplicationContext(servletContext);

31 }

32 if (this.context instanceof ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) {

33 ConfigurableWebApplicationContext cwac = (ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) this.context;

34 if (!cwac.isActive()) {

35 // The context has not yet been refreshed -> provide services such as

36 // setting the parent context, setting the application context id, etc

37 if (cwac.getParent() == null) {

38 // The context instance was injected without an explicit parent ->

39 // determine parent for root web application context, if any.

40 ApplicationContext parent = loadParentContext(servletContext);

41 cwac.setParent(parent);

42 }

43 configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(cwac, servletContext);

44 }

45 }

46 servletContext.setAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, this.context);

47

48 ClassLoader ccl = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();

49 if (ccl == ContextLoader.class.getClassLoader()) {

50 currentContext = this.context;

51 }

52 else if (ccl != null) {

53 currentContextPerThread.put(ccl, this.context);

54 }

55

56 if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {

57 logger.debug("Published root WebApplicationContext as ServletContext attribute with name [" +

58 WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE + "]");

59 }

60 if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {

61 long elapsedTime = System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime;

62 logger.info("Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in " + elapsedTime + " ms");

63 }

64

65 return this.context;

66 }

67 catch (RuntimeException ex) {

68 logger.error("Context initialization failed", ex);

69 servletContext.setAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, ex);

70 throw ex;

71 }

72 catch (Error err) {

73 logger.error("Context initialization failed", err);

74 servletContext.setAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, err);

75 throw err;

76 }

77 }

78

79   protected void configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ConfigurableWebApplicationContext wac, ServletContext sc) {

80 if (ObjectUtils.identityToString(wac).equals(wac.getId())) {

81 // The application context id is still set to its original default value

82 // -> assign a more useful id based on available information

83 String idParam = sc.getInitParameter(CONTEXT_ID_PARAM);

84 if (idParam != null) {

85 wac.setId(idParam);

86 }

87 else {

88 // Generate default id...

89 wac.setId(ConfigurableWebApplicationContext.APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ID_PREFIX +

90 ObjectUtils.getDisplayString(sc.getContextPath()));

91 }

92 }

93

94 wac.setServletContext(sc);

95 String configLocationParam = sc.getInitParameter(CONFIG_LOCATION_PARAM);

96 if (configLocationParam != null) {

97 wac.setConfigLocation(configLocationParam);

98 }

99

100 // The wac environment's #initPropertySources will be called in any case when the context

101 // is refreshed; do it eagerly here to ensure servlet property sources are in place for

102 // use in any post-processing or initialization that occurs below prior to #refresh

103 ConfigurableEnvironment env = wac.getEnvironment();

104 if (env instanceof ConfigurableWebEnvironment) {

105 ((ConfigurableWebEnvironment) env).initPropertySources(sc, null);

106 }

107

108 customizeContext(sc, wac);

109 wac.refresh();

110 }

  源码看起来很复杂,但是只是出于理解的目的,所以我们只看重点的地方。 

  以上第30行处创建了一个WebApplicationContext对象(其实,WebApplicationContext只是这个对象实现的接口之一,通过第33行的类型强转我们可以看出这个对象还实现了ConfigurableWebApplicationContext接口),这个对象就是Spring的上下文对象,通过这个对象我们可以获取Spring中定义的Bean(还记得单独使用Spring时用的ClassPathXmlApplicationContext或FileSystemXmlApplicationContext吗?)。

  第43行处的configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext方法使用ServletContext对象对WebApplicationContext对象进行配置。

  第95行处获取了ServletContext中的初始化参数CONFIG_LOCATION_PARAM,并在97行将该参数的值设置为WebApplicationContext的配置文件位置。其实常量CONFIG_LOCATION_PARAM就是字符串"contextConfigLocation",也就是说web.xml中配置的初始化参数在这里被用到了,这也印证了我们上面的猜想。

  创建并配置了Spring的上下文对象之后,在46行处,ServletContext对象将该WebApplicationContext对象设置为自己的一个属性,属性名为WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE。

  剩下的就是异常处理的代码了。

  我们发现,在ContextLoaderListener监听到ServletContext初始化完成后,只不过是创建了一个Spring的上下文对象,并将其设置为ServletContext对象的一个属性而已。我们可以知道的是,这个Spring的上下文对象肯定会在创建Action对象的时候被用到,但是Struts2是在什么时候获取这个对象,并在哪里使用这个对象来获取Action对象的bean呢?

  3. 为了确定Action对象的创建时机,我使用了一个小技巧,我在TestAction的构造方法中手动抛出了一个异常,这样我就可以根据异常信息跟踪调用创建Action对象的方法路径了。

    修改后的TestAction构造方法: 

1     public TestAction() throws Exception{

2 throw new Exception("创建Action对象时手动抛出的异常");

3 }

    访问TestAction时的异常信息:

1 严重: Exception occurred during processing request: Unable to instantiate Action, testAction,  defined for 'testAction' in namespace '/'Error creating bean with name 'testAction' defined in ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml]: Instantiation of bean failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [way.blog.struts2spring.action.TestAction]: Constructor threw exception; nested exception is java.lang.Exception: 创建Action对象时手动抛出的异常

2 Unable to instantiate Action, testAction, defined for 'testAction' in namespace '/'Error creating bean with name 'testAction' defined in ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml]: Instantiation of bean failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [way.blog.struts2spring.action.TestAction]: Constructor threw exception; nested exception is java.lang.Exception: 创建Action对象时手动抛出的异常

3 at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.createAction(DefaultActionInvocation.java:316)

4 at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.init(DefaultActionInvocation.java:397)

5 at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionProxy.prepare(DefaultActionProxy.java:194)

6 at org.apache.struts2.impl.StrutsActionProxy.prepare(StrutsActionProxy.java:63)

7 at org.apache.struts2.impl.StrutsActionProxyFactory.createActionProxy(StrutsActionProxyFactory.java:37)

8 at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionProxyFactory.createActionProxy(DefaultActionProxyFactory.java:58)

9 at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.serviceAction(Dispatcher.java:552)

10 at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.ExecuteOperations.executeAction(ExecuteOperations.java:77)

11 at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.doFilter(StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.java:99)

12 at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:241)

13 at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208)

14 at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:220)

15 at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:122)

16 at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:501)

17 at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:170)

18 at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:98)

19 at org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:950)

20 at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:116)

21 at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:408)

22 at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1040)

23 at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:607)

24 at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.java:313)

25 at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)

26 at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)

27 at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)

28 Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'testAction' defined in ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml]: Instantiation of bean failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [way.blog.struts2spring.action.TestAction]: Constructor threw exception; nested exception is java.lang.Exception: 创建Action对象时手动抛出的异常

29 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1101)

30 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1046)

31 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:504)

32 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:476)

33 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:322)

34 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:194)

35 at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.getBean(AbstractApplicationContext.java:956)

36 at com.opensymphony.xwork2.spring.SpringObjectFactory.buildBean(SpringObjectFactory.java:151)

37 at com.opensymphony.xwork2.ObjectFactory.buildBean(ObjectFactory.java:171)

38 at com.opensymphony.xwork2.factory.DefaultActionFactory.buildAction(DefaultActionFactory.java:22)

39 at com.opensymphony.xwork2.ObjectFactory.buildAction(ObjectFactory.java:141)

40 at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.createAction(DefaultActionInvocation.java:297)

41 ... 24 more

42 Caused by: org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [way.blog.struts2spring.action.TestAction]: Constructor threw exception; nested exception is java.lang.Exception: 创建Action对象时手动抛出的异常

43 at org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils.instantiateClass(BeanUtils.java:163)

44 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:89)

45 at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1094)

46 ... 35 more

47 Caused by: java.lang.Exception: 创建Action对象时手动抛出的异常

48 at way.blog.struts2spring.action.TestAction.<init>(TestAction.java:13)

49 at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)

50 at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:57)

51 at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)

52 at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:526)

53 at org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils.instantiateClass(BeanUtils.java:147)

54 ... 37 more

  异常信息很长,但是我们可以过滤掉一些跟我们本次分析无关的,只保留与Struts2和Spring有关的信息,即红色和蓝色字体部分。

  通过第11行到第3行,我们可以看出从StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter的doFilter方法开始如何通过一层层调用来创建Action对象,意料之中的是,我们发现了Struts2和Spring的衔接点,即上面的35-37行(蓝色字体),Struts2调用了Spring上下文对象(AbstractApplicationContext对象,猜测应该就是上面ContextLoaderListener中创建的Spring上下文对象转换来的,下面将验证这一点)的getBean方法!!!

  Struts2中的一个对象引起了我们的注意——SpringObjectFactory,正是这个对象的buildBean方法完成了对Spring上下文对象的调用。我们继续查看源码:

  com.opensymphony.xwork2.SpringObjectFactory源码片段:

1 /**

2 * Simple implementation of the ObjectFactory that makes use of Spring's application context if one has been configured,

3 * before falling back on the default mechanism of instantiating a new class using the class name. <p/> In order to use

4 * this class in your application, you will need to instantiate a copy of this class and set it as XWork's ObjectFactory

5 * before the xwork.xml file is parsed. In a servlet environment, this could be done using a ServletContextListener.

6 *

7 * @author Simon Stewart (sms@lateral.net)

8 */

9 public class SpringObjectFactory extends ObjectFactory implements ApplicationContextAware {

10 private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SpringObjectFactory.class);

11

12 protected ApplicationContext appContext;

13 /*

14 * 省略............

15 */

16 /**

17 * Set the Spring ApplicationContext that should be used to look beans up with.

18 *

19 * @param appContext The Spring ApplicationContext that should be used to look beans up with.

20 */

21 public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext appContext)

22 throws BeansException {

23 this.appContext = appContext;

24 autoWiringFactory = findAutoWiringBeanFactory(this.appContext);

25 }

26 /*

27 * 省略............

28 */

29 /**

30 * Looks up beans using Spring's application context before falling back to the method defined in the {@link

31 * ObjectFactory}.

32 *

33 * @param beanName The name of the bean to look up in the application context

34 * @param extraContext

35 * @return A bean from Spring or the result of calling the overridden

36 * method.

37 * @throws Exception

38 */

39 @Override

40 public Object buildBean(String beanName, Map<String, Object> extraContext, boolean injectInternal) throws Exception {

41 Object o;

42

43 if (appContext.containsBean(beanName)) {

44 o = appContext.getBean(beanName);

45 } else {

46 Class beanClazz = getClassInstance(beanName);

47 o = buildBean(beanClazz, extraContext);

48 }

49 if (injectInternal) {

50 injectInternalBeans(o);

51 }

52 return o;

53 }

54 /*

55 * 省略............

56 */

57 }

  以上只截取了SpringObjectFactory中与我们分析有关的部分。我们来分析一下,首先,这个类继承了Struts2的ObjectFactory类,而通过查看文档中的说明或者源码(这里就不粘出来了),我们可以发现,这个ObjectFactory类是Struts2很重要的一个类,它用于创建所有Struts2的核心对象,包括Action, Interceptor, Result等。而SpringObjectFactory继承了ObjectFactory,说明通过将Struts2默认的ObjectFactory类替换为SpringObjectFactory就可以实现由Spring来创建对象了。

  看一看SpringObjectFactory的源码和注释,buildBean(String,Map<String,Object>,boolean)方法覆盖了ObjectFactory中的对应方法,它接收的第一个参数,即是我们在struts.xml配置文件中为action指定的class属性。我们看到,这个方法首先是尝试从appContext中获取对应名称的bean,如果失败,才把该名称当做类名去创建对象。还记得我们前面的一个问题吗?Struts2怎么知道什么时候把action配置中的class属性当做bean的名称,什么时候又把它当做类名?这里就是答案了。我们从方法注释上也可以看到,该方法先尝试从Spring的上下文中获取对应名称的对象,如果失败,才使用父类的方法根据类名去创建新的对象。

  谜团已经逐步解开,但是还有一个问题。注意,SpringObjectFactory中的ApplicationContext对象appContext是通过setApplicationContext方法传入的,那是由谁传入的?传入的是不是前面在ContextLoaderListener中创建的那个WebApplicationContext对象呢?

  4. 我为了解决上面的问题想了很久,最后才发现,我一直忽略了之前导入的struts2-spring-plugin-xxx.jar这个包,也许这就是问题的答案了。通过查看该包,发现一个StrutsSpringObjectFactory类,这个类继承了上面提到的SpringObjectFactory,

  org.apache.struts2.spring.StrutsSpringObjectFactory源码片段:

1 /**

2 * Struts object factory that integrates with Spring.

3 * <p/>

4 * Spring should be loaded using a web context listener

5 * <code>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</code> defined in <code>web.xml</code>.

6 *

7 */

8 public class StrutsSpringObjectFactory extends SpringObjectFactory {

9 private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(StrutsSpringObjectFactory.class);

10 /*

11 *省略...

12 */

13 /**

14 * Constructs the spring object factory

15 * @param autoWire The type of autowiring to use

16 * @param alwaysAutoWire Whether to always respect the autowiring or not

17 * @param useClassCacheStr Whether to use the class cache or not

18 * @param servletContext The servlet context

19 * @since 2.1.3

20 */

21 @Inject

22 public StrutsSpringObjectFactory(

23 @Inject(value=StrutsConstants.STRUTS_OBJECTFACTORY_SPRING_AUTOWIRE,required=false) String autoWire,

24 @Inject(value=StrutsConstants.STRUTS_OBJECTFACTORY_SPRING_AUTOWIRE_ALWAYS_RESPECT,required=false) String alwaysAutoWire,

25 @Inject(value=StrutsConstants.STRUTS_OBJECTFACTORY_SPRING_USE_CLASS_CACHE,required=false) String useClassCacheStr,

26 @Inject ServletContext servletContext,

27 @Inject(StrutsConstants.STRUTS_DEVMODE) String devMode,

28 @Inject Container container) {

29

30 super();

31 boolean useClassCache = "true".equals(useClassCacheStr);

32 if (LOG.isInfoEnabled()) {

33 LOG.info("Initializing Struts-Spring integration...");

34 }

35

36 Object rootWebApplicationContext = servletContext.getAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE);

37

38 if(rootWebApplicationContext instanceof RuntimeException){

39 RuntimeException runtimeException = (RuntimeException)rootWebApplicationContext;

40 LOG.fatal(runtimeException.getMessage());

41 return;

42 }

43

44 ApplicationContext appContext = (ApplicationContext) rootWebApplicationContext;

45 if (appContext == null) {

46 // uh oh! looks like the lifecycle listener wasn't installed. Let's inform the user

47 String message = "********** FATAL ERROR STARTING UP STRUTS-SPRING INTEGRATION **********\n" +

48 "Looks like the Spring listener was not configured for your web app! \n" +

49 "Nothing will work until WebApplicationContextUtils returns a valid ApplicationContext.\n" +

50 "You might need to add the following to web.xml: \n" +

51 " <listener>\n" +

52 " <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>\n" +

53 " </listener>";

54 LOG.fatal(message);

55 return;

56 }

57

58 String watchList = container.getInstance(String.class, "struts.class.reloading.watchList");

59 String acceptClasses = container.getInstance(String.class, "struts.class.reloading.acceptClasses");

60 String reloadConfig = container.getInstance(String.class, "struts.class.reloading.reloadConfig");

61

62 if ("true".equals(devMode)

63 && StringUtils.isNotBlank(watchList)

64 && appContext instanceof ClassReloadingXMLWebApplicationContext) {

65 //prevent class caching

66 useClassCache = false;

67

68 ClassReloadingXMLWebApplicationContext reloadingContext = (ClassReloadingXMLWebApplicationContext) appContext;

69 reloadingContext.setupReloading(watchList.split(","), acceptClasses, servletContext, "true".equals(reloadConfig));

70 if (LOG.isInfoEnabled()) {

71 LOG.info("Class reloading is enabled. Make sure this is not used on a production environment!", watchList);

72 }

73

74 setClassLoader(reloadingContext.getReloadingClassLoader());

75

76 //we need to reload the context, so our isntance of the factory is picked up

77 reloadingContext.refresh();

78 }

79

80 this.setApplicationContext(appContext);

81

82 int type = AutowireCapableBeanFactory.AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME; // default

83 if ("name".equals(autoWire)) {

84 type = AutowireCapableBeanFactory.AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME;

85 } else if ("type".equals(autoWire)) {

86 type = AutowireCapableBeanFactory.AUTOWIRE_BY_TYPE;

87 } else if ("auto".equals(autoWire)) {

88 type = AutowireCapableBeanFactory.AUTOWIRE_AUTODETECT;

89 } else if ("constructor".equals(autoWire)) {

90 type = AutowireCapableBeanFactory.AUTOWIRE_CONSTRUCTOR;

91 } else if ("no".equals(autoWire)) {

92 type = AutowireCapableBeanFactory.AUTOWIRE_NO;

93 }

94 this.setAutowireStrategy(type);

95

96 this.setUseClassCache(useClassCache);

97

98 this.setAlwaysRespectAutowireStrategy("true".equalsIgnoreCase(alwaysAutoWire));

99

100 if (LOG.isInfoEnabled()) {

101 LOG.info("... initialized Struts-Spring integration successfully");

102 }

103 }

104 }

  这个类中只有一个方法,就是构造方法,在36行处我们惊奇的发现,我们之前存入ServletContext对象中的属性ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE终于又出现了!!!该属性的值就是在ContextLoaderListener中创建的那个Spring上下文对象,这里将其获取出来,并在第80行处调用了父类,即SpringObjectFactory的setApplicationContext方法将其赋值给继承自父类的ApplicationContext类型成员变量appContext。到这里就解决了上面问题的,我们证明了SpringObjectFactory中用到的ApplicationContext对象就是之前ContextLoaderListener中创建的,而且该对象由StrutsSpringObjectFactory的构造方法中调用父类的setApplicationContext方法传入。

  5. 通过上面的分析我们确定了最后会用StrutsSpringObjectFactory类代替Struts中原来的ObjectFactory。那么是在哪里发生替换的呢?我先看了看struts核心包中的struts-default.xml文件,发现了我们要找的默认的ObjectFactory的定义:

  struts-default.xml片段:

<bean class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ObjectFactory" name="struts"/>

  我们再查看struts核心包中的default.properties文件中定义的常量,我们找到了这一段:

1 ### if specified, the default object factory can be overridden here

2 ### Note: short-hand notation is supported in some cases, such as "spring"

3 ### Alternatively, you can provide a com.opensymphony.xwork2.ObjectFactory subclass name here

4 # struts.objectFactory = spring

  也就是说只要我们将struts.objectFactory常量的值覆盖,换成我们自己定义的ObjectFactory对象,就可以覆盖原来的默认ObjectFactory了。我们再看看struts2-spring-plugin-xxx.jar插件包中的struts-plugin.xml文件,真相大白了!!!!

  struts-plugin.xml文件片段: 

<bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ObjectFactory" name="spring" class="org.apache.struts2.spring.StrutsSpringObjectFactory" />

<!-- Make the Spring object factory the automatic default -->

<constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring" />

  我们看到这里定义了一个名为"spring"的ObjectFactory对象,其实现类正是StrtutsSpringObjectFactory,并且接下来设置了struts.objectFactory常量,将其设置成了我们定义的"spring"对象。

  我们知道,Struts2在加载配置文件的时候会在Classpath中的寻找struts-plugin.xml文件,并自动将其加载,这样就完成了将Struts2与Spring的整合了。

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

  这个过程我也是花了很久才整理出来的,因为忘记了struts-plugin.xml是自动加载的,所以我没有从struts-plugin.xml作为突破口,不然可能整个过程会顺利许多。不过这样一个探索的过程也是挺有趣的。这个过程中难免有些疏漏,或者说明不清楚,就请大家多多指教了,毕竟这是我第一篇博客,哈哈哈!!!

  文章是原创的,大家可以自由修改完善并转发,转发时请注明出处,,谢谢。

本文内容总结:结合源码浅析Struts2与Spring整合的原理

原文链接:https://www.cnblogs.com/waychan/p/4735187.html

以上是 结合源码浅析Struts2与Spring整合的原理 的全部内容, 来源链接: utcz.com/z/296256.html

回到顶部