Spring集合注入和域属性自动注入byName和byType

Z时代
2024-01-10
分类：综合

本文内容纲要：

- Spring集合的注入 - 域属性自动注入

Spring集合的注入

　　步骤一：导入依赖

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-beans -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-context -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--切面-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
      <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
      <version>1.7.0</version>
    </dependency>

　　步骤二：创建实体类

public class Studenttest {
    //数组
    private String [] arrays;
    //list集合
    private List<Integer> liats;
    //set集合
    private Set<String> sets;
    //map集合
    private Map<String,Object> maps;
    //配置
    private Properties properties;
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Studenttest{" +
                "arrays=" + Arrays.toString(arrays) +
                ", liats=" + liats +
                ", sets=" + sets +
                ", maps=" + maps +
                ", properties=" + properties +
                '}';
    }
    public String[] getArrays() {
        return arrays;
    }
    public void setArrays(String[] arrays) {
        this.arrays = arrays;
    }
    public List<Integer> getLiats() {
        return liats;
    }
    public void setLiats(List<Integer> liats) {
        this.liats = liats;
    }
    public Set<String> getSets() {
        return sets;
    }
    public void setSets(Set<String> sets) {
        this.sets = sets;
    }
    public Map<String, Object> getMaps() {
        return maps;
    }
    public void setMaps(Map<String, Object> maps) {
        this.maps = maps;
    }
    public Properties getProperties() {
        return properties;
    }
    public void setProperties(Properties properties) {
        this.properties = properties;
    }
}

　　步骤三：创建大配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    <bean id="diTest" class="cn.spring.entity.DiTest">
        <!--数组属性-->
        <property name="arrays">
            <!--数组-->
            <array>
                <value>张三</value>
                <value>李四</value>
            </array>
        </property>
        <!--list-->
        <property name="lists">
            <list>
                <value>18</value>
                <value>19</value>
            </list>
        </property>
        <!--set-->
        <property name="sets">
            <set>
                <value>宇宙无敌美少女祝愿是也</value>
                <value>快下课了，他想变身</value>
            </set>
        </property>
        <!--Map-->
        <property name="maps">
            <map>
                <entry key="name" value="王洪涛"/>
                <entry key="age" value="18"/>
            </map>
        </property>
        <!--properties-->
        <property name="properties">
            <props>
                <prop key="jdbc.driver">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</prop>
                <prop key="jdbc.username">root</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>
</beans>

　　步骤四：测试

@Test
    public void studenttest(){
        ApplicationContext atc=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        Studenttest sss = (Studenttest)atc.getBean("diTest");
        System.out.println(sss.toString());
    }

域属性自动注入

　　byName与byType

　　步骤一：创建两个实体类

public class Student {
    private Integer stuid;
    private String stuName;
    private Teacher teacher;
    public Teacher getTeacher() {
        return teacher;
    }
    public void setTeacher(Teacher teacher) {
        this.teacher = teacher;
    }
    public Integer getStuid() {
        return stuid;
    }
    public void setStuid(Integer stuid) {
        this.stuid = stuid;
    }
    public String getStuName() {
        return stuName;
    }
    public void setStuName(String stuName) {
        this.stuName = stuName;
    }
}
public class Teacher {
    private Integer tid;
    private String tname;
    public Integer getTid() {
        return tid;
    }
    public void setTid(Integer tid) {
        this.tid = tid;
    }
    public String getTname() {
        return tname;
    }
    public void setTname(String tname) {
        this.tname = tname;
    }
}

　　步骤二：创建大配置文件(在bean节点中增加autowire属性，设值为byType)

　　要求：给Teacher赋值的bean节点的id与域属性的名字相同

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
    <bean id="stuentity" class="com.SpringMckz.entity.Student" autowire="byName">
        <property name="stuid" value="221"></property>
        <property name="stuName" value="王某"></property>
    </bean>
    <bean id="teacher" class="com.SpringMckz.entity.Teacher">
        <property name="tid" value="999"></property>
        <property name="tname" value="张"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

　　步骤四：测试（autowire="byName"）

@Test
    public void testsentitu(){
        ApplicationContext atc=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        Student sss = (Student)atc.getBean("stuentity");
        System.out.println(sss.getTeacher().getTid());
        System.out.println(sss.getTeacher().getTname());
    }

　　步骤五：测试（autowire="byType"）

　　要求：保证域属性的类型与bean的类型一致，与其相兼容的类型也不可以

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
    <bean id="stuentity" class="com.SpringMckz.entity.Student" autowire="byType">
        <property name="stuid" value="123"></property>
        <property name="stuName" value="张某"></property>
    </bean>
    <bean id="teacher" class="com.SpringMckz.entity.Teacher">
        <property name="tid" value="234"></property>
        <property name="tname" value="刘默"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>
@Test
    public void testsentitu(){
        ApplicationContext atc=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        Student sss = (Student)atc.getBean("stuentity");
        System.out.println(sss.getTeacher().getTid());
        System.out.println(sss.getTeacher().getTname());
    }