XPATH查询中的特殊字符
我使用以下内容XPATH
Query列出站点下的对象。ListObject[@Title='SomeValue']
。SomeValue是动态的。只要SomeValue没有撇号(’),此查询就起作用。也尝试使用转义序列。没用
我究竟做错了什么?
回答:
令人惊讶地,这很难做到。
看一下XPath Recommendation,您将看到它定义了一个字面量为:
Literal ::= '"' [^"]* '"' | "'" [^']* "'"
也就是说,XPath表达式中的字符串文字可以包含撇号或双引号,但不能同时包含两者。
您不能使用转义来解决此问题。像这样的文字:
'Some'Value'
将匹配以下XML文本:
Some'Value
这确实意味着,可能有一部分XML文本无法生成匹配的XPath文字,例如:
<elm att=""&apos"/>
但这并不意味着不可能将文本与XPath匹配,这很棘手。在任何情况下,如果您要匹配的值都包含单引号和双引号,则可以构造一个表达式concat
来生成将要匹配的文本:
elm[@att=concat('"', "'")]
因此,这导致了这一点,这比我希望的要复杂得多:
/// <summary>/// Produce an XPath literal equal to the value if possible; if not, produce
/// an XPath expression that will match the value.
///
/// Note that this function will produce very long XPath expressions if a value
/// contains a long run of double quotes.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="value">The value to match.</param>
/// <returns>If the value contains only single or double quotes, an XPath
/// literal equal to the value. If it contains both, an XPath expression,
/// using concat(), that evaluates to the value.</returns>
static string XPathLiteral(string value)
{
// if the value contains only single or double quotes, construct
// an XPath literal
if (!value.Contains("\""))
{
return "\"" + value + "\"";
}
if (!value.Contains("'"))
{
return "'" + value + "'";
}
// if the value contains both single and double quotes, construct an
// expression that concatenates all non-double-quote substrings with
// the quotes, e.g.:
//
// concat("foo", '"', "bar")
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.Append("concat(");
string[] substrings = value.Split('\"');
for (int i = 0; i < substrings.Length; i++ )
{
bool needComma = (i>0);
if (substrings[i] != "")
{
if (i > 0)
{
sb.Append(", ");
}
sb.Append("\"");
sb.Append(substrings[i]);
sb.Append("\"");
needComma = true;
}
if (i < substrings.Length - 1)
{
if (needComma)
{
sb.Append(", ");
}
sb.Append("'\"'");
}
}
sb.Append(")");
return sb.ToString();
}
是的,我在所有边缘情况下都进行了测试。这就是逻辑如此愚蠢的原因:
foreach (string s in new[] {
"foo", // no quotes
"\"foo", // double quotes only
"'foo", // single quotes only
"'foo\"bar", // both; double quotes in mid-string
"'foo\"bar\"baz", // multiple double quotes in mid-string
"'foo\"", // string ends with double quotes
"'foo\"\"", // string ends with run of double quotes
"\"'foo", // string begins with double quotes
"\"\"'foo", // string begins with run of double quotes
"'foo\"\"bar" // run of double quotes in mid-string
})
{
Console.Write(s);
Console.Write(" = ");
Console.WriteLine(XPathLiteral(s));
XmlElement elm = d.CreateElement("test");
d.DocumentElement.AppendChild(elm);
elm.SetAttribute("value", s);
string xpath = "/root/test[@value = " + XPathLiteral(s) + "]";
if (d.SelectSingleNode(xpath) == elm)
{
Console.WriteLine("OK");
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("Should have found a match for {0}, and didn't.", s);
}
}
Console.ReadKey();
}
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