等待Promise.all()和多次等待之间有什么区别?
之间有什么区别:
const [result1, result2] = await Promise.all([task1(), task2()]);
和
const t1 = task1();const t2 = task2();
const result1 = await t1;
const result2 = await t2;
和
const [t1, t2] = [task1(), task2()];const [result1, result2] = [await t1, await t2];
回答:
:
这个答案仅涵盖了await
系列和系列之间的时序差异Promise.all
。。
为了这个答案的目的,我将使用一些示例方法:
res(ms)
是一个函数,它需要一个整数毫秒,并返回一个承诺,该承诺将在该毫秒后解析。rej(ms)
是一个函数,它需要一个整数毫秒,并返回一个承诺,该承诺将在该毫秒后被拒绝。
调用将res
启动计时器。Promise.all
在所有延迟完成后,可以使用等待一些延迟来解决,但请记住它们是同时执行的:
例子1
const data = await Promise.all([res(3000), res(2000), res(1000)])// ^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^
// delay 1 delay 2 delay 3
//
// ms ------1---------2---------3
// =============================O delay 1
// ===================O delay 2
// =========O delay 3
//
// =============================O Promise.all
async function example() {
const start = Date.now()
let i = 0
function res(n) {
const id = ++i
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
setTimeout(() => {
resolve()
console.log(`res #${id} called after ${n} milliseconds`, Date.now() - start)
}, n)
})
}
const data = await Promise.all([res(3000), res(2000), res(1000)])
console.log(`Promise.all finished`, Date.now() - start)
}
example()
这意味着Promise.all
将在3秒后使用内部承诺中的数据进行解析。
但是,[Promise.all
具有“快速失败”的行为:
范例#2
const data = await Promise.all([res(3000), res(2000), rej(1000)])// ^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^
// delay 1 delay 2 delay 3
//
// ms ------1---------2---------3
// =============================O delay 1
// ===================O delay 2
// =========X delay 3
//
// =========X Promise.all
async function example() {
const start = Date.now()
let i = 0
function res(n) {
const id = ++i
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
setTimeout(() => {
resolve()
console.log(`res #${id} called after ${n} milliseconds`, Date.now() - start)
}, n)
})
}
function rej(n) {
const id = ++i
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
setTimeout(() => {
reject()
console.log(`rej #${id} called after ${n} milliseconds`, Date.now() - start)
}, n)
})
}
try {
const data = await Promise.all([res(3000), res(2000), rej(1000)])
} catch (error) {
console.log(`Promise.all finished`, Date.now() - start)
}
}
example()
如果async-await
改为使用,则必须等待每个promise依次解决,这可能没有那么有效:
例子#3
const delay1 = res(3000)const delay2 = res(2000)
const delay3 = rej(1000)
const data1 = await delay1
const data2 = await delay2
const data3 = await delay3
// ms ------1---------2---------3
// =============================O delay 1
// ===================O delay 2
// =========X delay 3
//
// =============================X await
async function example() {
const start = Date.now()
let i = 0
function res(n) {
const id = ++i
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
setTimeout(() => {
resolve()
console.log(`res #${id} called after ${n} milliseconds`, Date.now() - start)
}, n)
})
}
function rej(n) {
const id = ++i
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
setTimeout(() => {
reject()
console.log(`rej #${id} called after ${n} milliseconds`, Date.now() - start)
}, n)
})
}
try {
const delay1 = res(3000)
const delay2 = res(2000)
const delay3 = rej(1000)
const data1 = await delay1
const data2 = await delay2
const data3 = await delay3
} catch (error) {
console.log(`await finished`, Date.now() - start)
}
}
example()
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