Spring Boot，带有多个数据源的Spring Data JPA

Z时代
2024-01-10
分类：问答

这是我正在尝试使用Spring Data JPA实现类似解决方案的代码。

CustomerDbConfig.java（第一个数据源连接）

@Configuration
@EnableJpaRepositories(
        entityManagerFactoryRef = "orderEntityManager",
        transactionManagerRef = "orderTransactionManager",
        basePackages = {"com.mm.repository.customer"})
public class CustomerDbConfig {
    @Bean(name = "customerEntityManager")
    public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactory(){
        LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean em = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();
        em.setDataSource(dataSource());
        em.setPackagesToScan(new String[] {"com.mm.domain.customer"});
        JpaVendorAdapter vendorAdapter = new HibernateJpaVendorAdapter();
        em.setJpaVendorAdapter(vendorAdapter);
        em.setJpaProperties(additionalJpaProperties());
        em.setPersistenceUnitName("customerPersistence");
        em.setPackagesToScan("com.mm.domain.customer");
        return em;
    }
    Properties additionalJpaProperties(){
        Properties properties = new Properties();
        properties.setProperty("hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto", "create-drop");
        properties.setProperty("hibernate.dialect", "org.hibernate.dialect.H2Dialect");
        properties.setProperty("hibernate.show_sql", "true");
        return properties;
    }
    @Bean
    public DataSource dataSource(){
        return DataSourceBuilder.create()
                .url("jdbc:h2:mem:customer:H2")
                .driverClassName("org.h2.Driver")
                .username("sa")
                .password("")
                .build();
    }   
    @Bean(name = "customerTransactionManager")
    public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager(EntityManagerFactory emf){
        JpaTransactionManager transactionManager = new JpaTransactionManager();
        transactionManager.setEntityManagerFactory(emf);
        return transactionManager;
    }
}

CustomerDbConfig.java（第二个数据源）

@Configuration
@EnableJpaRepositories(
        entityManagerFactoryRef = "orderEntityManager",
        transactionManagerRef = "orderTransactionManager",
        basePackages = {"com.mm.repository.customer"})
public class CustomerDbConfig {
    @Bean(name = "customerEntityManager")
    public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactory(){
        LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean em = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();
        em.setDataSource(dataSource());
        em.setPackagesToScan(new String[] {"com.mm.domain.customer"});
        JpaVendorAdapter vendorAdapter = new HibernateJpaVendorAdapter();
        em.setJpaVendorAdapter(vendorAdapter);
        em.setJpaProperties(additionalJpaProperties());
        em.setPersistenceUnitName("customerPersistence");
        em.setPackagesToScan("com.mm.domain.customer");
        return em;
    }
    Properties additionalJpaProperties(){
        Properties properties = new Properties();
        properties.setProperty("hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto", "create-drop");
        properties.setProperty("hibernate.dialect", "org.hibernate.dialect.H2Dialect");
        properties.setProperty("hibernate.show_sql", "true");
        return properties;
    }
    @Bean
    public DataSource dataSource(){
        return DataSourceBuilder.create()
                .url("jdbc:h2:mem:customer:H2")
                .driverClassName("org.h2.Driver")
                .username("sa")
                .password("")
                .build();
    }   
    @Bean(name = "customerTransactionManager")
    public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager(EntityManagerFactory emf){
        JpaTransactionManager transactionManager = new JpaTransactionManager();
        transactionManager.setEntityManagerFactory(emf);
        return transactionManager;
    }
}
...
Customer.java（模型）
...
@Entity
@Table(name = "customer")
@Data
@EqualsAndHashCode(exclude = {"id"})
public class Customer {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    private Integer id;
    @Column(name = "name", nullable = false)
    private String name;
    @Column(name = "age", nullable = false)
    private Integer age;
....

Order.java（模型）

@Entity
@Table(name = "order")
@Data
@EqualsAndHashCode(exclude = {"id"})
public class Order {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    private Integer id;
    @Column(name = "code", nullable = false)
    private Integer code;
    @Column(name = "quality", nullable = false)
    private Integer quality;

…

CustomerRepository.java

public interface CustomerRepository extends JpaRepository<Customer, Integer>{
}
OrderRepository.java
public interface OrderRepository extends JpaRepository<Order, Integer> {
}

最后，Application.java

@Configuration
@ComponentScan
@EnableAutoConfiguration
public class Application extends SpringApplication{
       public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
        }
        @Bean
        public ServletRegistrationBean h2Console() {
            ServletRegistrationBean reg = new ServletRegistrationBean(new WebServlet(), "/console/*");
            reg.setLoadOnStartup(1);
            return reg;
        }
}

在启动过程中会引发以下异常：

-10-10 15:45:24.757 ERROR 1549 --- [ main] o.s.boot.SpringApplication : Application startup failed org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'customerTransactionManager' defined in class path resource [com/mm/boot/multidb/CustomerConfig.class]: Unsatisfied dependency expressed through constructor argument with index 0 of type [javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory]: : No qualifying bean of type [javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 2: customerEntityManager,orderEntityManager; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 2: customerEntityManager,orderEntityManager at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:747) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(ConstructorResolver.java:462) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1095) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:990) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:504) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:475) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:302) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:228) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:298) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:193) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:706) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:762) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:482) at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.refresh(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:109) at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:691) at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:320) at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:952) at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:941) at com.mm.boot.multidb.Application.main(Application.java:17) Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 2: customerEntityManager,orderEntityManager at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:974) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:862) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.resolveAutowiredArgument(ConstructorResolver.java:811) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:739) ... 18 common frames omitted Exception in thread "main" org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'customerTransactionManager' defined in class path resource [com/mm/boot/multidb/CustomerConfig.class]: Unsatisfied dependency expressed through constructor argument with index 0 of type [javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory]: : No qualifying bean of type [javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 2: customerEntityManager,orderEntityManager; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 2: customerEntityManager,orderEntityManager at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:747) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(ConstructorResolver.java:462) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1095) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:990) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:504) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:475) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:302) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:228) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:298) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:193) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:706) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:762) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:482) at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.refresh(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:109) at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:691) at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:320) at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:952) at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:941) at com.mm.boot.multidb.Application.main(Application.java:17) Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 2: customerEntityManager,orderEntityManager at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:974) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:862) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.resolveAutowiredArgument(ConstructorResolver.java:811) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:739) ... 18 more

预先感谢你的帮助。

回答：

通过使用@EnableAutoConfiguration和application.properties，还有另一种具有多个数据源的方法。

基本上，将多个dataSource配置信息放在application.properties上，并通过@EnableAutoConfiguration自动为第一个dataSource生成默认设置（dataSource和EntityManagerFactory）。但是对于下一个dataSource，请通过属性文件中的信息手动创建dataSource，entityManagerFactory和transactionManager。

下面是我设置两个数据源的示例。第一个数据源由@EnableAutoConfiguration设置，只能分配给一个配置，不能分配给多个。然后将通过DataSourceTransactionManager生成“ transactionManager” ，该外观看起来是由注释生成的默认transactionManager。但是，我已经看到，仅对于默认的DataSourceTransactionManager以及在有多个事务管理器的情况下，调度线程池中的线程上的事务才不会开始出现问题。所以我通过JpaTransactionManager手动创建transactionManager也为第一个dataSource分配了“ transactionManager” Bean名称和默认的entityManagerFactory。用于第一个数据源的JpaTransactionManager确实可以解决ScheduledThreadPool中线程上的奇怪事务问题。

Spring Boot 1.3.0.RELEASE的更新

我发现我以前使用@EnableAutoConfiguration的默认dataSource配置在使用Spring Boot 1.3版本查找entityManagerFactory时遇到问题。引入我自己的transactionManager之后，也许@EnableAutoConfiguration不会生成默认的entityManagerFactory。所以现在我自己创建了entityManagerFactory。因此，我不需要使用@EntityScan。因此，看起来我通过@EnableAutoConfiguration获得的安装越来越少。

第二个数据源是在没有@EnableAutoConfiguration的情况下设置的，并通过手动方式创建了“ anotherTransactionManager”。

由于从PlatformTransactionManager扩展了多个transactionManager，因此我们应在每个@Transactional注释上指定要使用的transactionManager

默认存储库配置

@Configuration
@EnableTransactionManagement
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@EnableJpaRepositories(
        entityManagerFactoryRef = "entityManagerFactory",
        transactionManagerRef = "transactionManager",
        basePackages = {"com.mysource.repository"})
public class RepositoryConfig {
    @Autowired
    JpaVendorAdapter jpaVendorAdapter;
    @Autowired
    DataSource dataSource;
    @Bean(name = "entityManager")
    public EntityManager entityManager() {
        return entityManagerFactory().createEntityManager();
    }
    @Primary
    @Bean(name = "entityManagerFactory")
    public EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory() {
        LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean emf = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();
        emf.setDataSource(dataSource);
        emf.setJpaVendorAdapter(jpaVendorAdapter);
        emf.setPackagesToScan("com.mysource.model");
        emf.setPersistenceUnitName("default");   // <- giving 'default' as name
        emf.afterPropertiesSet();
        return emf.getObject();
    }
    @Bean(name = "transactionManager")
    public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager() {
        JpaTransactionManager tm = new JpaTransactionManager();
        tm.setEntityManagerFactory(entityManagerFactory());
        return tm;
    }
}

另一个存储库配置

@Configuration
@EnableTransactionManagement
@EnableJpaRepositories(
        entityManagerFactoryRef = "anotherEntityManagerFactory",
        transactionManagerRef = "anotherTransactionManager",
        basePackages = {"com.mysource.anothersource.repository"})
public class AnotherRepositoryConfig {
    @Autowired
    JpaVendorAdapter jpaVendorAdapter;
    @Value("${another.datasource.url}")
    private String databaseUrl;
    @Value("${another.datasource.username}")
    private String username;
    @Value("${another.datasource.password}")
    private String password;
    @Value("${another.dataource.driverClassName}")
    private String driverClassName;
    @Value("${another.datasource.hibernate.dialect}")
    private String dialect;
    public DataSource dataSource() {
        DriverManagerDataSource dataSource = new DriverManagerDataSource(databaseUrl, username, password);
        dataSource.setDriverClassName(driverClassName);
        return dataSource;
    }
    @Bean(name = "anotherEntityManager")
    public EntityManager entityManager() {
        return entityManagerFactory().createEntityManager();
    }
    @Bean(name = "anotherEntityManagerFactory")
    public EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory() {
        Properties properties = new Properties();
        properties.setProperty("hibernate.dialect", dialect);
        LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean emf = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();
        emf.setDataSource(dataSource());
        emf.setJpaVendorAdapter(jpaVendorAdapter);
        emf.setPackagesToScan("com.mysource.anothersource.model");   // <- package for entities
        emf.setPersistenceUnitName("anotherPersistenceUnit");
        emf.setJpaProperties(properties);
        emf.afterPropertiesSet();
        return emf.getObject();
    }
    @Bean(name = "anotherTransactionManager")
    public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager() {
        return new JpaTransactionManager(entityManagerFactory());
    }
}

application.properties

# database configuration
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:h2:file:~/main-source;AUTO_SERVER=TRUE
spring.datasource.username=sa
spring.datasource.password=
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=org.h2.Driver
spring.datasource.continueOnError=true
spring.datasource.initialize=false
# another database configuration
another.datasource.url=jdbc:sqlserver://localhost:1433;DatabaseName=another;
another.datasource.username=username
another.datasource.password=
another.datasource.hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.SQLServer2008Dialect 
another.datasource.driverClassName=com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver

为@Transactional注释选择适当的transactionManager

第一数据源服务

@Service("mainService")
@Transactional("transactionManager")
public class DefaultDataSourceServiceImpl implements DefaultDataSourceService       
{
   //
}

为另一个数据源提供服务

@Service("anotherService")
@Transactional("anotherTransactionManager")
public class AnotherDataSourceServiceImpl implements AnotherDataSourceService 
{
   //
}

以上是 Spring Boot，带有多个数据源的Spring Data JPA 的全部内容，来源链接： utcz.com/qa/429779.html