gradle的依赖图中“->”(箭头)是什么意思?
我正在尝试运行一些Android测试,但是,编译器抱怨存在多个dex文件。
Multiple dex files define Lorg/hamcrest/MatcherAssert;
所以我试图过滤重复的依赖项: $ ./gradlew -q dependencies app:dependencies --configuration
androidTestCompile
但是我得到以下输出:
------------------------------------------------------------Project :app
------------------------------------------------------------
androidTestCompile - Classpath for compiling the androidTest sources.
+--- org.mockito:mockito-core:1.9.5
| +--- org.hamcrest:hamcrest-core:1.1 -> 1.3
| \--- org.objenesis:objenesis:1.0 -> 2.1
+--- com.google.dexmaker:dexmaker-mockito:1.2
| +--- com.google.dexmaker:dexmaker:1.2
| \--- org.mockito:mockito-core:1.9.5 (*)
+--- com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.0
| +--- com.squareup:javawriter:2.1.1
| +--- org.hamcrest:hamcrest-integration:1.1
| | \--- org.hamcrest:hamcrest-core:1.1 -> 1.3
| +--- org.hamcrest:hamcrest-library:1.1
| | \--- org.hamcrest:hamcrest-core:1.1 -> 1.3
| +--- javax.inject:javax.inject:1
| +--- com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-idling-resource:2.0
| +--- com.android.support.test:testing-support-lib:0.1
| | \--- junit:junit-dep:4.10
| | \--- org.hamcrest:hamcrest-core:1.1 -> 1.3
| +--- com.google.code.findbugs:jsr305:2.0.1
| +--- javax.annotation:javax.annotation-api:1.2
| \--- org.hamcrest:hamcrest-core:1.1 -> 1.3
+--- com.android.support.test:testing-support-lib:0.1 (*)
+--- org.powermock:powermock-module-junit4:1.5.6
| +--- junit:junit:4.11
| | \--- org.hamcrest:hamcrest-core:1.3
| \--- org.powermock:powermock-module-junit4-common:1.5.6
| +--- junit:junit:4.4 -> 4.11 (*)
| +--- org.powermock:powermock-core:1.5.6
| | +--- org.powermock:powermock-reflect:1.5.6
| | | \--- org.objenesis:objenesis:2.1
| | \--- org.javassist:javassist:3.18.2-GA
| \--- org.powermock:powermock-reflect:1.5.6 (*)
\--- org.powermock:powermock-api-mockito:1.5.6
\--- org.powermock:powermock-api-support:1.5.6
+--- org.powermock:powermock-core:1.5.6 (*)
\--- org.powermock:powermock-reflect:1.5.6 (*)
(*) - dependencies omitted (listed previously)
我对箭头(->)的含义感到困惑。他们的意思是什么?
回答:
这意味着,依赖图包含相同的多个依赖group
和module
而不同的版本如org.hamcrest:hamcrest-
core。Gradle尝试自动解决冲突的版本-
默认情况下,选择最新版本。左侧->
是请求的版本,右侧是将要选择的版本。在这里可以找到类似的问题。
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