创建linux make / build文件

我正在将C ++项目从Windows迁移到Linux,现在需要创建一个build / make文件。我以前从未创建过build /

make文件。我还需要包含Boost库以使其更加复杂。

那么创建Linux c ++ make文件的基础是什么,以及如何在其中合并Boost库以使其正确链接?

到目前为止,我的makefile看起来像这样。我认为CFLAGS并且LDFLAGS是编译器和优化选项,但不能完全确定。

CC = g++

CFLAGS = -wall -o3 - c

LDFLAGS = -03 -mfp-rounding-mode=n


我提供赏金是因为我仍然很失落。万一有人冒险,我需要在linux中编译以下内容

  • simple_ls.h
  • simple_ls.cpp
  • 2dquicksort.h
  • 原始文件
  • rawr.cpp
  • converter.cpp

simple_ls.h中的标头:

#include "boost/filesystem/operations.hpp"

#include "boost/filesystem/path.hpp"

#include "boost/lexical_cast.hpp"

#include <iostream>

#include <vector>

#include <string>

#include <algorithm>

2dquicksort.h中的标头:

#include <stdio.h>

#include <ctype.h>

#include <iostream>

rawr.h中的头文件:

#include <iostream> // not required by most systems

#include <fstream>

#include <iomanip>

#include <cstdlib> // or (stdlib.h) for exit()

#include <cmath>

#include <vector>

#include <limits>

#include <string>

回答:

什么是 Makefile(适用于 Boost项目)

Makefile背后的根 思想是:

要建立目标,我们需要 (其他目标!)和建立

回答:

它们是文件,文件夹或伪造的目标(通常在中.PHONY)。测试文件/文件夹的存在和修改日期。

如果目标没有任何先决条件或比任何先决条件还旧,则需要重新构建目标。

回答:

指令是 ,从一个选项卡开始。每条指令行都是一个shell实例。当当前命令以反斜杠结尾时,可以在下一行继续执行shell命令\

回答:

目标是 或 。

依赖关系:

target : prerequisite1 prerequisite2 prerequisiteN

规则:

target : prerequisite1 prerequisite2 prerequisiteN

instructions1

@hidden_batch1 ; \

hidden_batch2

在说明开始前带有选项卡。

回答:

调试Makefile可能会让人头疼。尝试在Makefile中执行以下操作以显示跟踪(带有的文件和行位置warning):

$(info Shell: $(SHELL))

$(warning CXX: $(CXX))

当您的Makefile包含很多嵌套if/else/endif并且您不确定当前路径是什么时,这将很有用。

回答:

理想的makefile结构为:

  1. 变量设置
  2. 目标/依赖声明

一旦了解了整个Makefile及其包含文件(存储在make内部数据库中),便开始真正的目标指令处理。

最后,使用Boost将理论应用于该特定示例,并创建伪造的源文件进行说明。

回答:

#include "rawr.h"

回答:

#include "rawr.h"

回答:

#include <iostream>

#include "rawr.h"

#include "simple_ls.h"

#include "2dquicksort.h"

#include <boost/array.hpp> // Boost!

int main(int argc, char **argv)

{

boost::array<int,4> a = { { 1, 2, 3, 4} };

std::cout << a[1] << std::endl;

return 0;

}

回答:

如果您Makefile stack 复制源,请不要忘记用真实的Tab代替空格:

sed -i~ -e 's/^    /\t/' Makefile

Makefile来源:

## Makefile for C++ project using Boost

#

# @author Cedric "levif" Le Dillau

#

# Some notes:

# - Using ':=' instead of '=' assign the value at Makefile parsing time,

# others are evaluated at usage time. This discards

# - Use ':set list' in Vi/Vim to show tabs (Ctrl-v-i force tab insertion)

#

# List to '.PHONY' all fake targets, those that are neither files nor folders.

# "all" and "clean" are good candidates.

.PHONY: all, clean

# Define the final program name

PROGNAME := converter

# Pre-processor flags to be used for includes (-I) and defines (-D)

CPPFLAGS := -DUSE_BOOST

# CFLAGS is used for C compilation options.

CFLAGS := -Wall -O0

# CXXFLAGS is used for C++ compilation options.

CXXFLAGS += -Wall -O0

# LDFLAGS is used for linker (-g enables debug symbols)

LDFLAGS += -g

# Which Boost modules to use (all)

BOOST_MODULES = \

date_time \

filesystem \

graph \

iostreams \

math_c99 \

system \

serialization \

regex

# Boost libraries' type (a suffix)

BOOST_MODULES_TYPE := -mt

# Define library names with their type

BOOST_MODULES_LIBS := $(addsuffix $(BOOT_MODULES_TYPE),$(BOOST_MODULES))

# Define the linker argument to use the Boost libraries.

BOOST_LDFLAGS := $(addprefix -lboost_,$(BOOST_MODULES_LIBS))

# Feed compiler/linker flags with Boost's

CPPFLAGS += $(BOOST_CPPFLAGS)

LDFLAGS += $(BOOST_LDFLAGS)

# List the project' sources to compile or let the Makefile recognize

# them for you using 'wildcard' function.

#

#SOURCES = simple_ls.cpp rawr.cpp converter.cpp

SOURCES = $(wildcard *.cpp)

# List the project' headers or let the Makefile recognize

# them for you using 'wildcard' function.

#

#HEADERS = simple_ls.h 2dquicksort.h rawr.h

HEADERS = $(wildcard %.h)

# Construct the list of object files based on source files using

# simple extension substitution.

OBJECTS = $(SOURCES:%.cpp=%.o)

#

# Now declare the dependencies rules and targets

#

# Starting with 'all' make it becomes the default target when none

# is specified on 'make' command line.

all : $(PROGNAME)

# Declare that the final program depends on all objects and the Makfile

$(PROGNAME) : $(OBJECTS) Makefile

$(CXX) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS) $(OBJECTS)

# Now the choice of using implicit rules or not (my choice)...

#

# Choice 1: use implicit rules and then we only need to add some dependencies

# to each object.

#

## Tells make that each object file depends on all headers and this Makefile.

#$(OBJECTS) : $(HEADERS) Makefile

#

# Choice 2: don't use implicit rules and specify our will

%.o: %.cpp $(HEADERS) Makefile

$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) -c $(OUTPUT_OPTION) $<

# Simple clean-up target

# notes:

# - the '@' before 'echo' informs make to hide command invocation.

# - the '-' before 'rm' command to informs make to ignore errors.

clean :

@echo "Clean."

-rm -f *.o $(PROGNAME)

回答:

2dquicksort.h

converter.cpp

Makefile

rawr.cpp

rawr.h

simple_ls.cpp

simple_ls.h

回答:

make clean all

Clean.

rm -f *.o converter

g++ -Wall -O0 -DUSE_BOOST -c -o converter.o converter.cpp

g++ -Wall -O0 -DUSE_BOOST -c -o rawr.o rawr.cpp

g++ -Wall -O0 -DUSE_BOOST -c -o simple_ls.o simple_ls.cpp

g++ -o converter -g -lboost_date_time -lboost_filesystem -lboost_graph -lboost_iostreams -lboost_math_c99 -lboost_system -lboost_serialization -lboost_regex converter.o rawr.o simple_ls.o

回答:

现在,几乎是最小的Boost程序的结果:

./converter

2

没有理由不使用它! 实际上是功能强大的C ++工具箱:)

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