通过C＃中的POST发送JSON并接收返回的JSON吗？

Z时代
2024-01-10
分类：问答

这是我第一次在任何应用程序中使用JSON

System.Net和WebRequest。我的应用程序应该将JSON有效负载（类似于以下内容）发送到身份验证服务器：

{ "agent": { "name": "Agent Name", "version": 1 }, "username": "Username", "password": "User Password", "token": "xxxxxx" }

为了创建此有效负载，我使用了JSON.NET库。如何将这些数据发送到身份验证服务器并接收其JSON响应？这是一些示例中看到的内容，但没有JSON内容：

var http = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(new Uri(baseUrl));
http.Accept = "application/json";
http.ContentType = "application/json";
http.Method = "POST";
string parsedContent = "Parsed JSON Content needs to go here";
ASCIIEncoding encoding = new ASCIIEncoding();
Byte[] bytes = encoding.GetBytes(parsedContent);
Stream newStream = http.GetRequestStream();
newStream.Write(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
newStream.Close();
var response = http.GetResponse();
var stream = response.GetResponseStream();
var sr = new StreamReader(stream);
var content = sr.ReadToEnd();

但是，这似乎与使用我过去使用的其他语言相比有很多代码缺陷。我这样做正确吗？以及如何获取JSON响应以进行解析？

谢谢，精英。

// Send the POST Request to the Authentication Server
// Error Here
string json = await Task.Run(() => JsonConvert.SerializeObject(createLoginPayload(usernameTextBox.Text, password)));
var httpContent = new StringContent(json, Encoding.UTF8, "application/json");
using (var httpClient = new HttpClient())
{
    // Error here
    var httpResponse = await httpClient.PostAsync("URL HERE", httpContent);
    if (httpResponse.Content != null)
    {
        // Error Here
        var responseContent = await httpResponse.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
    }
}

回答：

我发现自己使用HttpClient库查询RESTful

API，因为代码非常简单并且完全异步。

（编辑：为了清楚起见，从问题中添加JSON）

{ "agent": { "name": "Agent Name", "version": 1 }, "username": "Username", "password": "User Password", "token": "xxxxxx" }

使用两个代表您发布的JSON结构的类，看起来像这样：

public class Credentials
{
    [JsonProperty("agent")]
    public Agent Agent { get; set; }
    [JsonProperty("username")]
    public string Username { get; set; }
    [JsonProperty("password")]
    public string Password { get; set; }
    [JsonProperty("token")]
    public string Token { get; set; }
}
public class Agent
{
    [JsonProperty("name")]
    public string Name { get; set; }
    [JsonProperty("version")]
    public int Version { get; set; }
}

您可能有一个像这样的方法，它将执行您的POST请求：

var payload = new Credentials { 
    Agent = new Agent { 
        Name = "Agent Name",
        Version = 1 
    },
    Username = "Username",
    Password = "User Password",
    Token = "xxxxx"
};
// Serialize our concrete class into a JSON String
var stringPayload = await Task.Run(() => JsonConvert.SerializeObject(payload));
// Wrap our JSON inside a StringContent which then can be used by the HttpClient class
var httpContent = new StringContent(stringPayload, Encoding.UTF8, "application/json");
using (var httpClient = new HttpClient()) {
    // Do the actual request and await the response
    var httpResponse = await httpClient.PostAsync("http://localhost/api/path", httpContent);
    // If the response contains content we want to read it!
    if (httpResponse.Content != null) {
        var responseContent = await httpResponse.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
        // From here on you could deserialize the ResponseContent back again to a concrete C# type using Json.Net
    }
}