通过使用Java Selenium WebDriver和HTML窗口位置
我将Selenium
WebDriver与java.awt.Robot结合使用,以更好地模拟用户与Web应用程序的交互。是的,我知道可能没有必要,但是我所服务的客户都需要它。
当前,一切运行良好,但是我有一个小问题,就是我似乎找不到找到将Web元素显示在屏幕上位置的好方法。诸如标题栏,菜单栏,导航栏之类的东西都将内容向下推到物理屏幕上(Robot从中获取坐标),但对Selenium报告元素所在的位置没有影响。
当我element.getLocation();
在Selenium
WebElement上调用:时,它总是为我提供相对于HTML内容呈现窗格的位置,而不是浏览器窗口本身的位置。
一个更好的示例是:driver.findElement(By.tagName("body")).getLocation();
无论窗口的实际屏幕位置如何,始终返回0,0。
现在,我通过在最大化窗口后添加垂直和水平偏移量来破解它,但是不同的浏览器之间这些偏移量并不相同(例如,IE的顶部装饰所占的空间要比Firefox更大),并且每个用户可能会有所不同如果其中添加了书签工具栏,搜索栏等。
是的,我知道我可以在全屏模式下运行,但如果可能的话,我宁愿不运行。
有没有一种方法可以使用WebDriver以可靠的方式获取元素在屏幕上的物理位置?
回答:
我相信无法获得页面上元素的真实屏幕位置。
我也认为全屏模式是您最好的选择。
就是说,我写了一个RobotCalibration
可以检测当前浏览器实际偏移量的类。它会打开一个特制页面,并使用Robot
该类单击它。该算法从浏览器的中心开始,然后使用二等分线找到浏览器视口的左上角。
在IE8和FF18上测试。适用于最大化和窗口浏览器。已知问题:如果启用了顶部的书签工具栏,则它可能会单击某些书签,因此会重定向。它可以很容易地处理,但是如果您需要它,我留给您:)。
测试页面:
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en" onclick="document.getElementById('counter').value++">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title>Calibration Test</title>
</head>
<body>
<img height="1" width="1" style="position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0;"
onclick="document.getElementById('done').value = 'yep'" />
<input type="text" id="counter" value="0" />
<input type="text" id="done" value="nope" />
</body>
</html>
该RobotCalibration
班。它有点长,所以我建议您将其复制粘贴到您喜欢的IDE中并在其中进行探索:
import java.awt.AWTException;import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Point;
import java.awt.Robot;
import java.awt.Toolkit;
import java.awt.event.InputEvent;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver;
public class RobotCalibration {
public static Point calibrate(WebDriver driver) {
return new RobotCalibration(driver).calibrate();
}
/** Time for which to wait for the page response. */
private static final long TIMEOUT = 1000;
private final WebDriver driver;
private final Robot r;
private final Point browserCenter;
private int leftX;
private int rightX;
private int midX;
private int topY;
private int bottomY;
private int midY;
private RobotCalibration(WebDriver driver) {
this.driver = driver;
try {
driver.manage().window().getSize();
} catch (UnsupportedOperationException headlessBrowserException) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Calibrating a headless browser makes no sense.", headlessBrowserException);
}
try {
this.r = new Robot();
} catch (AWTException headlessEnvironmentException) {
throw new IllegalStateException("Robot won't work on headless environments.", headlessEnvironmentException);
}
Dimension screenSize = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize();
org.openqa.selenium.Dimension browserSize = driver.manage().window().getSize();
org.openqa.selenium.Point browserPos = driver.manage().window().getPosition();
// a maximized browser returns negative position
// a maximized browser returns size larger than actual screen size
// you can't click outside the screen
leftX = Math.max(0, browserPos.x);
rightX = Math.min(leftX + browserSize.width, screenSize.width - 1);
midX = (leftX + rightX) /2;
topY = Math.max(0, browserPos.y);
bottomY = Math.min(topY + browserSize.height, screenSize.height - 1);
midY = (topY + bottomY) /2;
browserCenter = new Point(midX, midY);
}
private Point calibrate() {
driver.get(Paths.get("files/RobotCalibration.html").toUri().toString());
// find left border
while (leftX < rightX) {
click(midX, midY);
if (clickWasSuccessful()) {
rightX = midX;
} else {
leftX = midX + 1;
// close any menu we could have opened
click(browserCenter.x, browserCenter.y);
}
midX = (leftX + rightX) /2;
}
// find top border
while (topY < bottomY) {
click(midX, midY);
if (clickWasSuccessful()) {
bottomY = midY;
} else {
topY = midY + 1;
// close any menu we could have opened
click(browserCenter.x, browserCenter.y);
}
midY = (topY + bottomY) /2;
}
if (!isCalibrated()) {
throw new IllegalStateException("Couldn't calibrate the Robot.");
}
return new Point(midX, midY);
}
/** clicks on the specified location */
private void click(int x, int y) {
r.mouseMove(x, y);
r.mousePress(InputEvent.BUTTON1_DOWN_MASK);
r.mouseRelease(InputEvent.BUTTON1_DOWN_MASK);
// for some reason, my IE8 can't properly register clicks that are close
// to each other faster than click every half a second
if (driver instanceof InternetExplorerDriver) {
sleep(500);
}
}
private static void sleep(int millis) {
try {
Thread.sleep(millis);
} catch (InterruptedException ignored) {
// nothing to do
}
}
private int counter = 0;
/** @return whether the click on a page was successful */
private boolean clickWasSuccessful() {
counter++;
long targetTime = System.currentTimeMillis() + TIMEOUT;
while (System.currentTimeMillis() < targetTime) {
int pageCounter = Integer.parseInt(driver.findElement(By.id("counter")).getAttribute("value"));
if (counter == pageCounter) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
/** @return whether the top left corner has already been clicked at */
private boolean isCalibrated() {
long targetTime = System.currentTimeMillis() + TIMEOUT;
while (System.currentTimeMillis() < targetTime) {
if (driver.findElement(By.id("done")).getAttribute("value").equals("yep")) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
}
用法示例:
WebDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();Point p = RobotCalibration.calibrate(driver);
System.out.println("Left offset: " + p.x + ", top offset: " + p.y);
driver.quit();
如果有不清楚的地方,请随时提出任何问题。
以上是 通过使用Java Selenium WebDriver和HTML窗口位置 的全部内容, 来源链接: utcz.com/qa/407247.html