使用JavaScript显示/隐藏'div'

对于我正在做的网站,我想加载一个div,然后隐藏另一个,然后有两个按钮可以使用JavaScript在div之间切换视图。

function replaceContentInContainer(target, source) {

document.getElementById(target).innerHTML = document.getElementById(source).innerHTML;

}

function replaceContentInOtherContainer(replace_target, source) {

document.getElementById(replace_target).innerHTML = document.getElementById(source).innerHTML;

}

<html>

<button onClick="replaceContentInContainer('target', 'replace_target')">View Portfolio</button>

<button onClick="replaceContentInOtherContainer('replace_target', 'target')">View Results</button>

<div>

<span id="target">div1</span>

</div>

<div style="display:none">

<span id="replace_target">div2</span>

</div>

替换div2的第二个功能不起作用,但第一个功能起作用。

回答:

如何显示或隐藏元素:

为了显示或隐藏元素,请操纵元素的style属性。在大多数情况下,您可能只想更改元素的display属性:

element.style.display = 'none';           // Hide

element.style.display = 'block'; // Show

element.style.display = 'inline'; // Show

element.style.display = 'inline-block'; // Show

或者,如果您仍然希望元素占用空间(例如,如果您要隐藏表格单元格),则可以改为更改元素的visibility属性:

element.style.visibility = 'hidden';      // Hide

element.style.visibility = 'visible'; // Show

隐藏元素的集合:

如果要隐藏元素的集合,只需遍历每个元素并将元素的更改displaynone

function hide (elements) {

elements = elements.length ? elements : [elements];

for (var index = 0; index < elements.length; index++) {

elements[index].style.display = 'none';

}

}

// Usage:

hide(document.querySelectorAll('.target'));

hide(document.querySelector('.target'));

hide(document.getElementById('target'));

hide(document.querySelectorAll('.target'));

function hide (elements) {

elements = elements.length ? elements : [elements];

for (var index = 0; index < elements.length; index++) {

elements[index].style.display = 'none';

}

}

<div class="target">This div will be hidden.</div>

<span class="target">This span will be hidden as well.</span>

显示元素的集合:

在大多数情况下,您可能只会在display:none和之间切换display:block,这意味着在显示元素集合时,以下内容可能就足够了。

display如果您不希望将默认值指定为,则可以选择将所需的值指定为第二个参数block

function show (elements, specifiedDisplay) {

elements = elements.length ? elements : [elements];

for (var index = 0; index < elements.length; index++) {

elements[index].style.display = specifiedDisplay || 'block';

}

}

// Usage:

var elements = document.querySelectorAll('.target');

show(elements);

show(elements, 'inline-block'); // The second param allows you to specify a display value

var elements = document.querySelectorAll('.target');

show(elements, 'inline-block'); // The second param allows you to specify a display value

show(document.getElementById('hidden-input'));

function show (elements, specifiedDisplay) {

elements = elements.length ? elements : [elements];

for (var index = 0; index < elements.length; index++) {

elements[index].style.display = specifiedDisplay || 'block';

}

}

<div class="target" style="display: none">This hidden div should have a display of 'inline-block' when it is shown.</div>

<span>Inline span..</span>

<input id="hidden-input" />

或者,显示元素的更好方法是仅删除内联display样式,以将其恢复为初始状态。然后检查display元素的计算样式,以确定其是否被级联规则隐藏。如果是这样,则显示该元素。

function show (elements, specifiedDisplay) {

var computedDisplay, element, index;

elements = elements.length ? elements : [elements];

for (index = 0; index < elements.length; index++) {

element = elements[index];

// Remove the element's inline display styling

element.style.display = '';

computedDisplay = window.getComputedStyle(element, null).getPropertyValue('display');

if (computedDisplay === 'none') {

element.style.display = specifiedDisplay || 'block';

}

}

}

show(document.querySelectorAll('.target'));

function show (elements, specifiedDisplay) {

var computedDisplay, element, index;

elements = elements.length ? elements : [elements];

for (index = 0; index < elements.length; index++) {

element = elements[index];

// Remove the element's inline display styling

element.style.display = '';

computedDisplay = window.getComputedStyle(element, null).getPropertyValue('display');

if (computedDisplay === 'none') {

element.style.display = specifiedDisplay || 'block';

}

}

}

<span class="target" style="display: none">Should revert back to being inline.</span>

<span class="target" style="display: none">Inline as well.</span>

<div class="target" style="display: none">Should revert back to being block level.</div>

<span class="target" style="display: none">Should revert back to being inline.</span>

(如果您想更进一步,您甚至可以模仿jQuery所做的事情,并通过将元素附加到空白处iframe(没有样式表冲突)来确定元素的默认浏览器样式,然后检索计算出的样式。这样做,您可以会知道display元素的真实初始属性值,并且您不必对值进行硬编码即可获得所需的结果。)

切换显示:

同样,如果您要切换display元素或元素集合的,则可以简单地遍历每个元素并通过检查display属性的计算值来确定它是否可见。如果可见,则将其设置displaynone,否则将删除内联display样式,如果它仍处于隐藏状态,则将其设置display为指定的值或硬编码的默认值block

function toggle (elements, specifiedDisplay) {

var element, index;

elements = elements.length ? elements : [elements];

for (index = 0; index < elements.length; index++) {

element = elements[index];

if (isElementHidden(element)) {

element.style.display = '';

// If the element is still hidden after removing the inline display

if (isElementHidden(element)) {

element.style.display = specifiedDisplay || 'block';

}

} else {

element.style.display = 'none';

}

}

function isElementHidden (element) {

return window.getComputedStyle(element, null).getPropertyValue('display') === 'none';

}

}

// Usage:

document.getElementById('toggle-button').addEventListener('click', function () {

toggle(document.querySelectorAll('.target'));

});

document.getElementById('toggle-button').addEventListener('click', function () {

toggle(document.querySelectorAll('.target'));

});

function toggle (elements, specifiedDisplay) {

var element, index;

elements = elements.length ? elements : [elements];

for (index = 0; index < elements.length; index++) {

element = elements[index];

if (isElementHidden(element)) {

element.style.display = '';

// If the element is still hidden after removing the inline display

if (isElementHidden(element)) {

element.style.display = specifiedDisplay || 'block';

}

} else {

element.style.display = 'none';

}

}

function isElementHidden (element) {

return window.getComputedStyle(element, null).getPropertyValue('display') === 'none';

}

}

.target { display: none; }

<button id="toggle-button">Toggle display</button>

<span class="target">Toggle the span.</span>

<div class="target">Toggle the div.</div>

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