PHP替换了à-> a，è-> e等特殊字符

Z时代
2024-01-10
分类：问答

我有php文档signup.php，它将内容从form（在form.php文档中）保存到MySQL基础。当我要重新格式化输入内容时会出现问题。我想对à->

a这样的UTF-8字符进行解码。

  $first_name=$_POST['first_name'];
  $last_name=$_POST['last_name'];
  $course=$_POST['course'];
  $chain="prêt-à-porter";
$pattern = array("'é'", "'è'", "'ë'", "'ê'", "'É'", "'È'", "'Ë'", "'Ê'", "'á'", "'à'", "'ä'", "'â'", "'å'", "'Á'", "'À'", "'Ä'", "'Â'", "'Å'", "'ó'", "'ò'", "'ö'", "'ô'", "'Ó'", "'Ò'", "'Ö'", "'Ô'", "'í'", "'ì'", "'ï'", "'î'", "'Í'", "'Ì'", "'Ï'", "'Î'", "'ú'", "'ù'", "'ü'", "'û'", "'Ú'", "'Ù'", "'Ü'", "'Û'", "'ý'", "'ÿ'", "'Ý'", "'ø'", "'Ø'", "'œ'", "'Œ'", "'Æ'", "'ç'", "'Ç'");
$replace = array('e', 'e', 'e', 'e', 'E', 'E', 'E', 'E', 'a', 'a', 'a', 'a', 'a', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'A', 'o', 'o', 'o', 'o', 'O', 'O', 'O', 'O', 'i', 'i', 'i', 'I', 'I', 'I', 'I', 'I', 'u', 'u', 'u', 'u', 'U', 'U', 'U', 'U', 'y', 'y', 'Y', 'o', 'O', 'a', 'A', 'A', 'c', 'C');
$chain = preg_replace($pattern, $replace, $chain);
echo $chain; // print pret-a-porter
$first_name =  preg_replace($pattern, $replace, $first_name);
echo $first_name; // does not change the input!?!

为什么它对$ chain完美起作用，但对于$ first_name或$ last_name不起作用？

我也尝试

echo $first_name; // print áááááábéééééébšššš
$trans = array("á" => "a", "é" => "e", "š" => "s");
echo strtr("áááááábéééééébšššš", $trans); // print aaaaaabeeeeeebssss
echo strtr($first_name,$trans);  // print áááááábéééééébšššš

但是正如您所看到的，问题是相同的！

回答：

有一种更简单的方法，使用iconv-从用户说明中看来，这似乎是您想要做的：字符音译

// PHP.net User notes
<?php
    $string = "ʿABBĀSĀBĀD";
    echo iconv('UTF-8', 'ISO-8859-1//TRANSLIT', $string);
    // output: [nothing, and you get a notice]
    echo iconv('UTF-8', 'ISO-8859-1//IGNORE', $string);
    // output: ABBSBD
    echo iconv('UTF-8', 'ISO-8859-1//TRANSLIT//IGNORE', $string);
    // output: ABBASABAD
    // Yay! That's what I wanted!
?>

对字符编码要

，因此在流程的所有阶段（前端，表单提交，源文件的编码）都应保持相同的编码。PHP和格式中的默认编码为ISO-8859-1，而PHP

5.4之前的默认编码已更改为UTF8（最终！）。

您可以使用几个功能来获取想法。首先是来自CakePHP的inflector类slug：

public static function slug($string, $replacement = '_') {
    $quotedReplacement = preg_quote($replacement, '/');
    $merge = array(
        '/[^\s\p{Ll}\p{Lm}\p{Lo}\p{Lt}\p{Lu}\p{Nd}]/mu' => ' ',
        '/\\s+/' => $replacement,
        sprintf('/^[%s]+|[%s]+$/', $quotedReplacement, $quotedReplacement) => '',
    );
    $map = self::$_transliteration + $merge;
    return preg_replace(array_keys($map), array_values($map), $string);
}

它取决于一个self::$_transliteration数组，该数组与您在问题中所做的操作类似-

您可以在github上查看inflector的源代码。

另一个是我个人使用的功能，它来自此处。

function slugify($text,$strict = false) {
    $text = html_entity_decode($text, ENT_QUOTES, 'UTF-8');
    // replace non letter or digits by -
    $text = preg_replace('~[^\\pL\d.]+~u', '-', $text);
    // trim
    $text = trim($text, '-');
    setlocale(LC_CTYPE, 'en_GB.utf8');
    // transliterate
    if (function_exists('iconv')) {
        $text = iconv('utf-8', 'us-ascii//TRANSLIT', $text);
    }
    // lowercase
    $text = strtolower($text);
    // remove unwanted characters
    $text = preg_replace('~[^-\w.]+~', '', $text);
    if (empty($text)) {
        return 'empty_$';
    }
    if ($strict) {
        $text = str_replace(".", "_", $text);
    }
    return $text;
}