如何知道窗口小部件在视口中是否可见？

Z时代
2024-01-10
分类：问答

我有一个在其主体中包含一个Scaffold和一个视图的视图，ListView列表的每个子级都是一个不同的小部件，代表视图的各个“部分”（部分范围从简单的TextView到Columns和Rows的排列），我想显示FloatingActionButon，只有当对某些用户滚动Widgets（这不是一开始可见，由于是远在列表中向下）。

回答：

有了改写的问题，我对您正在尝试做的事情有了更清晰的了解。您有一个小部件列表，并且要根据当前是否在视口中显示这些小部件来决定是否显示浮动操作按钮。

我写了一个基本的例子来说明这一点。我将在下面描述各种元素，但请注意：

它使用的GlobalKey往往不会过于有效

它连续运行，并且在滚动过程中每帧都进行一些非最佳计算。

因此，这可能会导致您的应用速度变慢。我将它留给其他人来优化或编写一个更好的答案，该答案使用对渲染树的更好了解来完成相同的操作。

无论如何，这是代码。首先，我将为您提供一种相对较幼稚的方式-直接在变量上使用setState，因为它更简单：

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:flutter/rendering.dart';
void main() => runApp(new MyApp());
class MyApp extends StatefulWidget {
  @override
  State<StatefulWidget> createState() => new MyAppState();
}
class MyAppState extends State<MyApp> {
  GlobalKey<State> key = new GlobalKey();
  double fabOpacity = 1.0;
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return new MaterialApp(
      home: new Scaffold(
        appBar: new AppBar(
          title: new Text("Scrolling."),
        ),
        body: NotificationListener<ScrollNotification>(
          child: new ListView(
            itemExtent: 100.0,
            children: [
              ContainerWithBorder(),
              ContainerWithBorder(),
              ContainerWithBorder(),
              ContainerWithBorder(),
              ContainerWithBorder(),
              ContainerWithBorder(),
              ContainerWithBorder(),
              ContainerWithBorder(),
              ContainerWithBorder(),
              ContainerWithBorder(),
              ContainerWithBorder(),
              new MyObservableWidget(key: key),
              ContainerWithBorder(),
              ContainerWithBorder(),
              ContainerWithBorder(),
              ContainerWithBorder(),
              ContainerWithBorder(),
              ContainerWithBorder(),
              ContainerWithBorder(),
              ContainerWithBorder()
            ],
          ),
          onNotification: (ScrollNotification scroll) {
            var currentContext = key.currentContext;
            if (currentContext == null) return false;
            var renderObject = currentContext.findRenderObject();
            RenderAbstractViewport viewport = RenderAbstractViewport.of(renderObject);
            var offsetToRevealBottom = viewport.getOffsetToReveal(renderObject, 1.0);
            var offsetToRevealTop = viewport.getOffsetToReveal(renderObject, 0.0);
            if (offsetToRevealBottom.offset > scroll.metrics.pixels ||
                scroll.metrics.pixels > offsetToRevealTop.offset) {
              if (fabOpacity != 0.0) {
                setState(() {
                  fabOpacity = 0.0;
                });
              }
            } else {
              if (fabOpacity == 0.0) {
                setState(() {
                  fabOpacity = 1.0;
                });
              }
            }
            return false;
          },
        ),
        floatingActionButton: new Opacity(
          opacity: fabOpacity,
          child: new FloatingActionButton(
            onPressed: () {
              print("YAY");
            },
          ),
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}
class MyObservableWidget extends StatefulWidget {
  const MyObservableWidget({Key key}) : super(key: key);
  @override
  State<StatefulWidget> createState() => new MyObservableWidgetState();
}
class MyObservableWidgetState extends State<MyObservableWidget> {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return new Container(height: 100.0, color: Colors.green);
  }
}
class ContainerWithBorder extends StatelessWidget {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return new Container(
      decoration: new BoxDecoration(border: new Border.all(), color: Colors.grey),
    );
  }
}

这样做有几个容易解决的问题-它不会隐藏按钮，而只是使其透明，它每次都会渲染整个窗口小部件，并且每帧都要对窗口小部件的位置进行计算。

这是一个更优化的版本，不需要时不进行计算。如果您的列表发生更改，则可能需要向其添加更多逻辑（或者您可以每次都进行计算，并且如果性能足够好，则不必担心）。注意它如何使用animationController和AnimatedBuilder来确保每次仅构建相关部分。您还可以通过直接设置animationController

value并自己进行不透明度计算来摆脱淡入/淡出（即，您可能希望它在开始滚动到视图时变得不透明，这必须考虑到高度）您的对象）：

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:flutter/rendering.dart';
void main() => runApp(new MyApp());
class MyApp extends StatefulWidget {
  @override
  State<StatefulWidget> createState() => new MyAppState();
}
class MyAppState extends State<MyApp> with TickerProviderStateMixin<MyApp> {
  GlobalKey<State> key = new GlobalKey();
  bool fabShowing = false;
  // non-state-managed variables
  AnimationController _controller;
  RenderObject _prevRenderObject;
  double _offsetToRevealBottom = double.infinity;
  double _offsetToRevealTop = double.negativeInfinity;
  @override
  void initState() {
    super.initState();
    _controller = new AnimationController(vsync: this, duration: Duration(milliseconds: 300));
    _controller.addStatusListener((val) {
      if (val == AnimationStatus.dismissed) {
        setState(() => fabShowing = false);
      }
    });
  }
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return new MaterialApp(
      home: new Scaffold(
        appBar: new AppBar(
          title: new Text("Scrolling."),
        ),
        body: NotificationListener<ScrollNotification>(
          child: new ListView(
            itemExtent: 100.0,
            children: [
              ContainerWithBorder(),
              ContainerWithBorder(),
              ContainerWithBorder(),
              ContainerWithBorder(),
              ContainerWithBorder(),
              ContainerWithBorder(),
              ContainerWithBorder(),
              ContainerWithBorder(),
              ContainerWithBorder(),
              ContainerWithBorder(),
              ContainerWithBorder(),
              new MyObservableWidget(key: key),
              ContainerWithBorder(),
              ContainerWithBorder(),
              ContainerWithBorder(),
              ContainerWithBorder(),
              ContainerWithBorder(),
              ContainerWithBorder(),
              ContainerWithBorder(),
              ContainerWithBorder()
            ],
          ),
          onNotification: (ScrollNotification scroll) {
            var currentContext = key.currentContext;
            if (currentContext == null) return false;
            var renderObject = currentContext.findRenderObject();
            if (renderObject != _prevRenderObject) {
              RenderAbstractViewport viewport = RenderAbstractViewport.of(renderObject);
              _offsetToRevealBottom = viewport.getOffsetToReveal(renderObject, 1.0).offset;
              _offsetToRevealTop = viewport.getOffsetToReveal(renderObject, 0.0).offset;
            }
            final offset = scroll.metrics.pixels;
            if (_offsetToRevealBottom < offset && offset < _offsetToRevealTop) {
              if (!fabShowing) setState(() => fabShowing = true);
              if (_controller.status != AnimationStatus.forward) {
                _controller.forward();
              }
            } else {
              if (_controller.status != AnimationStatus.reverse) {
                _controller.reverse();
              }
            }
            return false;
          },
        ),
        floatingActionButton: fabShowing
            ? new AnimatedBuilder(
                child: new FloatingActionButton(
                  onPressed: () {
                    print("YAY");
                  },
                ),
                builder: (BuildContext context, Widget child) => Opacity(opacity: _controller.value, child: child),
                animation: this._controller,
              )
            : null,
      ),
    );
  }
}
class MyObservableWidget extends StatefulWidget {
  const MyObservableWidget({Key key}) : super(key: key);
  @override
  State<StatefulWidget> createState() => new MyObservableWidgetState();
}
class MyObservableWidgetState extends State<MyObservableWidget> {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return new Container(height: 100.0, color: Colors.green);
  }
}
class ContainerWithBorder extends StatelessWidget {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return new Container(
      decoration: new BoxDecoration(border: new Border.all(), color: Colors.grey),
    );
  }
}