检查设备更改（添加/删除）事件

• Z时代
• 2024-01-10
• 分类：问答

我想知道在添加设备或从系统中删除设备时是否有触发事件的方法。我希望能够检测出是否已添加USB闪存驱动器，鼠标或其他任何东西。我尝试四处搜寻，但找不到任何说明如何执行此操作的内容。

有任何想法吗？

回答：

如果您的应用程序中有一个窗口，则可以使用以下方法：

using System;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
internal static class UsbNotification
{
    public const int DbtDevicearrival = 0x8000; // system detected a new device        
    public const int DbtDeviceremovecomplete = 0x8004; // device is gone      
    public const int WmDevicechange = 0x0219; // device change event      
    private const int DbtDevtypDeviceinterface = 5;
    private static readonly Guid GuidDevinterfaceUSBDevice = new Guid("A5DCBF10-6530-11D2-901F-00C04FB951ED"); // USB devices
    private static IntPtr notificationHandle;
    /// <summary>
    /// Registers a window to receive notifications when USB devices are plugged or unplugged.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="windowHandle">Handle to the window receiving notifications.</param>
    public static void RegisterUsbDeviceNotification(IntPtr windowHandle)
    {
        DevBroadcastDeviceinterface dbi = new DevBroadcastDeviceinterface
        {
            DeviceType = DbtDevtypDeviceinterface,
            Reserved = 0,
            ClassGuid = GuidDevinterfaceUSBDevice,
            Name = 0
        };
        dbi.Size = Marshal.SizeOf(dbi);
        IntPtr buffer = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(dbi.Size);
        Marshal.StructureToPtr(dbi, buffer, true);
        notificationHandle = RegisterDeviceNotification(windowHandle, buffer, 0);
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// Unregisters the window for USB device notifications
    /// </summary>
    public static void UnregisterUsbDeviceNotification()
    {
        UnregisterDeviceNotification(notificationHandle);
    }
    [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
    private static extern IntPtr RegisterDeviceNotification(IntPtr recipient, IntPtr notificationFilter, int flags);
    [DllImport("user32.dll")]
    private static extern bool UnregisterDeviceNotification(IntPtr handle);
    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
    private struct DevBroadcastDeviceinterface
    {
        internal int Size;
        internal int DeviceType;
        internal int Reserved;
        internal Guid ClassGuid;
        internal short Name;
    }
}

在WPF窗口中使用它的方式如下（Windows窗体类似）：

    protected override void OnSourceInitialized(EventArgs e)
    {
        base.OnSourceInitialized(e);
        // Adds the windows message processing hook and registers USB device add/removal notification.
        HwndSource source = HwndSource.FromHwnd(new WindowInteropHelper(this).Handle);
        if (source != null)
        {
            windowHandle = source.Handle;
            source.AddHook(HwndHandler);
            UsbNotification.RegisterUsbDeviceNotification(windowHandle);
        }
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// Method that receives window messages.
    /// </summary>
    private IntPtr HwndHandler(IntPtr hwnd, int msg, IntPtr wparam, IntPtr lparam, ref bool handled)
    {
        if (msg == UsbNotification.WmDevicechange)
        {
            switch ((int)wparam)
            {
                case UsbNotification.DbtDeviceremovecomplete:
                    Usb_DeviceRemoved(); // this is where you do your magic
                    break;
                case UsbNotification.DbtDevicearrival:
                    Usb_DeviceAdded(); // this is where you do your magic
                    break;
            }
        }
        handled = false;
        return IntPtr.Zero;
    }

这是Windows窗体的使用示例（甚至更简单）：

public Form1()
{
    InitializeComponent();
    UsbNotification.RegisterUsbDeviceNotification(this.Handle);
}
protected override void WndProc(ref Message m)
{
    base.WndProc(ref m);
        if (m.Msg == UsbNotification.WmDevicechange)
    {
        switch ((int)m.WParam)
        {
            case UsbNotification.DbtDeviceremovecomplete:
                Usb_DeviceRemoved(); // this is where you do your magic
                break;
            case UsbNotification.DbtDevicearrival:
                Usb_DeviceAdded(); // this is where you do your magic
                break;
        }
    }
}

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