Hibernate菜鸟获取联接问题

Z时代
2024-01-10
分类：问答

我有两个类，Test2和Test3。Test2具有属性test3，它是Test3的实例。换句话说，我有一个单向的OneToOne关联，其中test2引用了test3。

当我从数据库中选择Test2时，可以看到正在进行单独的选择以获取关联的test3类的详细信息。这是著名的1 + N选择问题。

为了解决此问题，使其仅使用一个选择，我尝试使用fetch = join批注，我将其理解为@Fetch（FetchMode.JOIN）

但是，将获取设置为加入时，我仍然看到单独的选择。这是我设置的相关部分。

hibernate.cfg.xml：

<property name="max_fetch_depth">2</property>

测试2：

public class Test2 {
 @OneToOne (cascade=CascadeType.ALL , fetch=FetchType.EAGER)
 @JoinColumn (name="test3_id")
 @Fetch(FetchMode.JOIN)
 public Test3 getTest3() {
  return test3;
}

注意我出于绝望而将FetchType设置为EAGER，尽管对于OneToOne映射它还是默认为EAGER，但这没有什么区别。

谢谢你的帮助！

编辑：我已经完全放弃尝试使用FetchMode.JOIN-有人可以确认他们已经使用它了，即产生一个左外部联接吗？在文档中，我看到“通常，映射文档不用于自定义获取。相反，我们保留默认行为，并使用HQL中的左连接获取来对特定事务覆盖它”

如果我改为进行左连接获取：

查询= session.createQuery（“从Test2 t2左联接获取t2.test3”）；

那么我确实得到了想要的结果-即查询中的左外部联接。

编辑数字2：

伙计们，非常感谢您的答复。现在，我想深入了解这一点。我通常会发现，当我进行调查时，最终会比我想像的多得多。

我已经学到的一件事-我在旧版本的Hibernate上运行，因为我没有意识到Maven存储库已经过时。现在，我也已经连接到jboss存储库，并且拥有最新版本的hibernate和hibernate批注-两种情况下均为3.5.1-Final。

我已经设置了一个尽可能小的简化的测试用例-我仍然在3.5.1-Final中看到问题，因为我99％肯定这只是我没有设置的愚蠢行为没错，特别是罗斯，因为您可以使用它（感谢您抽出宝贵的时间尝试一下）

所以我有这些课（这次是全文）

A级

package com.play.hibernate2;
import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import org.hibernate.annotations.Fetch;
import org.hibernate.annotations.FetchMode;
@Entity
public class A {
    private Integer id;
    private B b;
    public A() {
        super();
    }
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    @OneToOne (cascade=CascadeType.ALL)
    @Fetch(FetchMode.JOIN)
    public B getB() {
        return b;
    }
    public void setB(B b) {
        this.b = b;
    }
}

B级

package com.play.hibernate2;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class B {
    private Integer id;
    public B() {
        super();
    }
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }   
}

我的整个hibernate.cfg.xml

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
    <session-factory>
        <!-- Database connection settings -->
        <property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
        <!-- <property name="connection.driver_class">com.p6spy.engine.spy.P6SpyDriver</property> -->
        <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/play</property>
        <property name="connection.username">play</property>
        <property name="connection.password">play</property>
        <!-- JDBC connection pool (use the built-in) -->
        <property name="connection.pool_size">1</property>
        <!-- SQL dialect -->
        <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
        <!-- Enable Hibernate's automatic session context management -->
        <property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property>
        <!-- Disable the second-level cache  -->
        <property name="cache.provider_class">org.hibernate.cache.NoCacheProvider</property>
        <!-- Echo all executed SQL to stdout -->
        <property name="show_sql">true</property>
        <property name="generate_statistics">true</property>
        <!--
        <property name="cache.use_structured_entries">true</property>
        <property name="cache.use_query_cache">true</property>
        -->
        <property name="format_sql">true</property>
        <property name="use_sql_comments">true</property>
        <!-- I think this may fix my individual requests for OneToOne problem -->
        <property name="max_fetch_depth">2</property>
        <!-- <property name="default_batch_fetch_size">10</property> -->
    </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

测试班

package com.play.hibernate2;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import org.hibernate.FlushMode;
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration;
import org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaExport;
public class RunTests4 {
    private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
    public static void main(String[] args){
        RunTests4 d = new RunTests4();
        d.run3();
    }
    public void run3(){
        Session session = getSession();
        session.beginTransaction();
        createEntities(session);
        session.getTransaction().commit();
        System.out.println("NOW WITH A NEW TRANSACTION");
        session = getSession();
        session.beginTransaction();
        Query query = session.createQuery("from A");
        List results = query.list();
        for (int i=0; i<results.size(); i++){
            System.out.println("Row "+i+" was:");
            A a = (A)results.get(i);
            System.out.println("Result "+i);
            System.out.println(a.toString());
        }
        session.getTransaction().commit();
    }
    public void createEntities(Session session){
        for (int i=0; i<2; i++){
            A a = new A();
            B b = new B();
            a.setB(b);
            session.save(a);
        }
    }
    public Session getSession(){
        if (sessionFactory == null){
            AnnotationConfiguration config = new AnnotationConfiguration();
            config.addAnnotatedClass(A.class);
            config.addAnnotatedClass(B.class);
            config.configure();
            new SchemaExport(config).create(true,true);
            sessionFactory = config.buildSessionFactory();
        }
        Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
        return session;
    }
}

最后，日志输出显示了额外的选择，以取回相关的类

2 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.annotations.Version - Hibernate Annotations 3.5.1-Final 23 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.Environment - Hibernate 3.5.1-Final 28 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.Environment - hibernate.properties not found 32 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.Environment - Bytecode provider name : javassist 37 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.Environment - using JDK 1.4 java.sql.Timestamp handling 160 [main] INFO org.hibernate.annotations.common.Version - Hibernate Commons Annotations 3.2.0.Final 176 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration - configuring from resource: /hibernate.cfg.xml 176 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration - Configuration resource: /hibernate.cfg.xml 313 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration - Configured SessionFactory: null 338 [main] INFO org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect - Using dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect 462 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationBinder - Binding entity from annotated class: com.play.hibernate2.Test2 545 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.annotations.EntityBinder - Bind entity com.play.hibernate2.Test2 on table Test2 649 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationBinder - Binding entity from annotated class: com.play.hibernate2.Test3 650 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.annotations.EntityBinder - Bind entity com.play.hibernate2.Test3 on table Test3 651 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationBinder - Binding entity from annotated class: com.play.hibernate2.A 651 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.annotations.EntityBinder - Bind entity com.play.hibernate2.A on table A 653 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationBinder - Binding entity from annotated class: com.play.hibernate2.B 653 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.annotations.EntityBinder - Bind entity com.play.hibernate2.B on table B 678 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration - Hibernate Validator not found: ignoring 687 [main] INFO org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaExport - Running hbm2ddl schema export 688 [main] INFO org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaExport - exporting generated schema to database 691 [main] INFO org.hibernate.connection.DriverManagerConnectionProvider - Using Hibernate built-in connection pool (not for production use!) 691 [main] INFO org.hibernate.connection.DriverManagerConnectionProvider - Hibernate connection pool size: 1 698 [main] INFO org.hibernate.connection.DriverManagerConnectionProvider - autocommit mode: false 711 [main] INFO org.hibernate.connection.DriverManagerConnectionProvider - using driver: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver at URL: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/play 711 [main] INFO org.hibernate.connection.DriverManagerConnectionProvider - connection properties: {user=play, password=****} alter table A drop foreign key FK412E010759 alter table Test2 drop foreign key FK4CF5DC04B7E1B79 drop table if exists A drop table if exists B drop table if exists Test2 drop table if exists Test3 create table A ( id integer not null auto_increment, b_id integer, primary key (id) ) create table B ( id integer not null auto_increment, primary key (id) ) create table Test2 ( id integer not null auto_increment, name varchar(255), value integer not null, test3_id integer, primary key (id) ) create table Test3 ( id integer not null auto_increment, name varchar(255), value integer not null, primary key (id) ) alter table A add index FK412E010759 (b_id), add constraint FK412E010759 foreign key (b_id) references B (id) alter table Test2 add index FK4CF5DC04B7E1B79 (test3_id), add constraint FK4CF5DC04B7E1B79 foreign key (test3_id) references Test3 (id) 2562 [main] INFO org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaExport - schema export complete 2564 [main] INFO org.hibernate.connection.DriverManagerConnectionProvider - cleaning up connection pool: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/play 2571 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.search.HibernateSearchEventListenerRegister - Unable to find org.hibernate.search.event.FullTextIndexEventListener on the classpath. Hibernate Search is not enabled. 2575 [main] INFO org.hibernate.connection.DriverManagerConnectionProvider - Using Hibernate built-in connection pool (not for production use!) 2575 [main] INFO org.hibernate.connection.DriverManagerConnectionProvider - Hibernate connection pool size: 1 2575 [main] INFO org.hibernate.connection.DriverManagerConnectionProvider - autocommit mode: false 2575 [main] INFO org.hibernate.connection.DriverManagerConnectionProvider - using driver: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver at URL: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/play 2575 [main] INFO org.hibernate.connection.DriverManagerConnectionProvider - connection properties: {user=play, password=****} 2622 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory - RDBMS: MySQL, version: 5.1.30 2622 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory - JDBC driver: MySQL-AB JDBC Driver, version: mysql-connector-java-5.1.9 ( Revision: ${svn.Revision} ) 2633 [main] INFO org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect - Using dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect 2635 [main] INFO org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.JdbcSupportLoader - Disabling contextual LOB creation as JDBC driver reported JDBC version [3] less than 4 2636 [main] INFO org.hibernate.transaction.TransactionFactoryFactory - Using default transaction strategy (direct JDBC transactions) 2638 [main] INFO org.hibernate.transaction.TransactionManagerLookupFactory - No TransactionManagerLookup configured (in JTA environment, use of read-write or transactional second-level cache is not recommended) 2638 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory - Automatic flush during beforeCompletion(): disabled 2638 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory - Automatic session close at end of transaction: disabled 2638 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory - JDBC batch size: 15 2638 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory - JDBC batch updates for versioned data: disabled 2638 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory - Scrollable result sets: enabled 2638 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory - JDBC3 getGeneratedKeys(): enabled 2638 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory - Connection release mode: auto 2639 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory - Maximum outer join fetch depth: 2 2639 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory - Default batch fetch size: 1 2639 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory - Generate SQL with comments: enabled 2639 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory - Order SQL updates by primary key: disabled 2639 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory - Order SQL inserts for batching: disabled 2639 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory - Query translator: org.hibernate.hql.ast.ASTQueryTranslatorFactory 2641 [main] INFO org.hibernate.hql.ast.ASTQueryTranslatorFactory - Using ASTQueryTranslatorFactory 2641 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory - Query language substitutions: {} 2641 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory - JPA-QL strict compliance: disabled 2641 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory - Second-level cache: enabled 2641 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory - Query cache: disabled 2644 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory - Cache region factory : org.hibernate.cache.impl.bridge.RegionFactoryCacheProviderBridge 2644 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cache.impl.bridge.RegionFactoryCacheProviderBridge - Cache provider: org.hibernate.cache.NoCacheProvider 2644 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory - Optimize cache for minimal puts: disabled 2644 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory - Structured second-level cache entries: disabled 2648 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory - Echoing all SQL to stdout 2648 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory - Statistics: enabled 2649 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory - Deleted entity synthetic identifier rollback: disabled 2649 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory - Default entity-mode: pojo 2649 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory - Named query checking : enabled 2649 [main] INFO org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory - Check Nullability in Core (should be disabled when Bean Validation is on): enabled 2697 [main] INFO org.hibernate.impl.SessionFactoryImpl - building session factory 2796 [Finalizer] INFO org.hibernate.connection.DriverManagerConnectionProvider - cleaning up connection pool: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/play 2929 [main] INFO org.hibernate.impl.SessionFactoryObjectFactory - Not binding factory to JNDI, no JNDI name configured Hibernate: /* insert com.play.hibernate2.B */ insert into B values ( ) Hibernate: /* insert com.play.hibernate2.A */ insert into A (b_id) values (?) Hibernate: /* insert com.play.hibernate2.B */ insert into B values ( ) Hibernate: /* insert com.play.hibernate2.A */ insert into A (b_id) values (?) NOW WITH A NEW TRANSACTION Hibernate: /* from A */ select a0_.id as id2_, a0_.b_id as b2_2_ from A a0_ Hibernate: /* load com.play.hibernate2.B */ select b0_.id as id3_0_ from B b0_ where b0_.id=? Hibernate: /* load com.play.hibernate2.B */ select b0_.id as id3_0_ from B b0_ where b0_.id=? Row 0 was: Result 0 com.play.hibernate2.A@351daa0e Row 1 was: Result 1 com.play.hibernate2.A@2e879860

编辑数字3：

如果我按罗斯的方式进行操作，那么就会产生左外连接。如果我使用列表进行操作，则会发出单独的选择。这是相关的代码。仅更改此设置即可重现行为上的差异：

    /* generates the left outer join
    A a = (A)session.load(A.class,1);
    System.out.println(a.getId()+" = "+a.getB().getName());
    */
    // Creates separate selects for each object b associated with each a
    Query query = session.createQuery("from A");
    List results = query.list();
    A a = (A)results.get(0);
    System.out.println(a.getId()+" = "+a.getB().getName());

我猜它可能被称为“

bug”。正如我之前提到的，在文档中，他们说在HQL中而不是在映射中指定获取模式是“正常的”，我想这可能意味着HQL方式会占用更多的人流量。。？

（通过向A和B添加一个额外的“名称”字段的方式，否则hibernate优化了检索，因为它可以仅从A上的外键获取所有B）