怎么通过python爬虫获取国家卫健委的新闻数据

Z时代
2024-01-10
分类：技术分享
听说反爬很难
回答：

转载自Github
https://github.com/Programming-With-Love/2019-nCoV
请您注意：一部分模块/库需要单独安装
import requests
import re
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from time import sleep
import json
from prettytable import ALL
from prettytable import PrettyTable
hubei = {}
guangdong = {}
zhejiang = {}
beijing = {}
shanghai = {}
hunan = {}
anhui = {}
chongqing = {}
sichuan = {}
shandong = {}
guangxi = {}
fujian = {}
jiangsu = {}
henan = {}
hainan = {}
tianjin = {}
jiangxi = {}
shanxi1 = {} # 陕西
guizhou = {}
liaoning = {}
xianggang = {}
heilongjiang = {}
aomen = {}
xinjiang = {}
gansu = {}
yunnan = {}
taiwan = {}
shanxi2 = {} # 山西
jilin = {}
hebei = {}
ningxia = {}
neimenggu = {}
qinghai = {} # none
xizang = {} # none
provinces_idx = [hubei, guangdong, zhejiang, chongqing, hunan, anhui, beijing,
         shanghai, henan, guangxi, shandong, jiangxi, jiangsu, sichuan,
         liaoning, fujian, heilongjiang, hainan, tianjin, hebei, shanxi2,
         yunnan, xianggang, shanxi1, guizhou, jilin, gansu, taiwan,
         xinjiang, ningxia, aomen, neimenggu, qinghai, xizang]
map = {
  '湖北':0, '广东':1, '浙江':2, '北京':3, '上海':4, '湖南':5, '安徽':6, '重庆':7,
  '四川':8, '山东':9, '广西':10, '福建':11, '江苏':12, '河南':13, '海南':14,
  '天津':15, '江西':16, '陕西':17, '贵州':18, '辽宁':19, '香港':20, '黑龙江':21,
  '澳门':22, '新疆':23, '甘肃':24, '云南':25, '台湾':26, '山西':27, '吉林':28,
  '河北':29, '宁夏':30, '内蒙古':31, '青海':32, '西藏':33
}
def getTime(text):
  TitleTime = str(text)
  TitleTime = re.findall('<span>(.*?)</span>', TitleTime)
  return TitleTime[0]
def getAllCountry(text):
  AllCountry = str(text)
  AllCountry = AllCountry.replace("[<p class=\"confirmedNumber___3WrF5\"><span class=\"content___2hIPS\">", "")
  AllCountry = AllCountry.replace("<span style=\"color: #4169e2\">", "")
  AllCountry = re.sub("</span>", "", AllCountry)
  AllCountry = AllCountry.replace("</p>]", "")
  AllCountry = AllCountry.replace("<span style=\"color: rgb(65, 105, 226);\">", "")
  AllCountry = re.sub("<span>", "", AllCountry)
  AllCountry = re.sub("<p>", "", AllCountry)
  AllCountry = re.sub("</p>", "", AllCountry)
  return AllCountry 
def query(province):
  table = PrettyTable(['地区', '确诊', '死亡', '治愈'])
  for (k, v) in province.items():
    name = k
    table.add_row([name, v[0] if v[0] != 0 else '-', v[1] if v[1] != 0 else '-', v[2] if v[2] != 0 else '-'])
  if len(province.keys()) != 0:
    print(table)
  else:
    print("暂无")
def getInfo(text):
  text = str(text)
  text = re.sub("<p class=\"descText___Ui3tV\">", "", text)
  text = re.sub("</p>", "", text)
  return text
def is_json(json_str):
  try:
    json.loads(json_str)
  except ValueError:
    return False
  return True
def ff(str, num):
  return str[:num] + str[num+1:]
def main():
  url = "https://3g.dxy.cn/newh5/view/pneumonia"
  try:
    headers = {}
    headers['user-agent'] = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/70.0.3538.77 Safari/537.36' #http头大小写不敏感
    headers['accept'] = 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8'
    headers['Connection'] = 'keep-alive'
    headers['Upgrade-Insecure-Requests'] = '1'
    r = requests.get(url, headers=headers)
    r.raise_for_status()
    r.encoding = r.apparent_encoding
    soup = BeautifulSoup(r.text,'lxml')
    table = PrettyTable(['地区', '确诊', '死亡', '治愈'])
    table.hrules = ALL
    #### 截至时间
    # TitleTime = getTime(soup.select('.title___2d1_B'))
    print()
    # print("       ",TitleTime + "\n")
    while True:
      r = requests.get("https://service-f9fjwngp-1252021671.bj.apigw.tencentcs.com/release/pneumonia")
      json_str = json.loads(r.text)
      if json_str['error'] == 0:
        break
    print("==================================全国数据==================================")
    print()
    print("   确诊 " + str(json_str['data']['statistics']['confirmedCount']) + " 例"
      + "    " + "疑似 " + str(json_str['data']['statistics']['suspectedCount']) + " 例"
      + "    " + "死亡" + str(json_str['data']['statistics']['deadCount']) + " 例"
      + "    " + "治愈" + str(json_str['data']['statistics']['curedCount']) + " 例\n")
    print("==================================相关情况==================================")
    print()
    print("传染源：" + json_str['data']['statistics']['infectSource'])
    print("病毒：" + json_str['data']['statistics']['virus'])
    print("传播途径：" + json_str['data']['statistics']['passWay'])
    print(json_str['data']['statistics']['remark1'])
    print(json_str['data']['statistics']['remark2'] + "\n")
    print("==================================国内情况==================================")
    print()
    json_provinces = re.findall("{\"provinceName\":(.*?)]}", str(soup))
    idx = 0
    for province in json_provinces:
      if is_json(province):
        pass
      else:
        province = "{\"provinceName\":" + province + "]}"
        province = json.loads(province)
      province_name = province['provinceShortName'] if province['provinceShortName'] != 0 else '-'
      confirmed = province['confirmedCount'] if province['confirmedCount'] != 0 else '-'
      suspected = province['suspectedCount'] if province['suspectedCount'] != 0 else '-'
      cured = province['curedCount'] if province['curedCount'] != 0 else '-'
      dead = province['deadCount'] if province['deadCount'] != 0 else '-'
      table.add_row([province_name, confirmed, dead, cured])
      map[province_name] = idx
      idx = idx + 1
      for city in province['cities']:
        provinces_idx[map[province_name]][city['cityName']] = [city['confirmedCount'], city['deadCount'], city['curedCount']]
    print(table)
    print()
    print("==================================国外情况==================================")
    print()
    json_provinces = str(re.findall("\"id\":949(.*?)]}", str(soup)))
    json_provinces = json_provinces[:1] + "{\"id\":949" + json_provinces[2:]
    json_provinces = json_provinces[:len(json_provinces) - 2] + json_provinces[len(json_provinces) - 1:]
    provinces = json.loads(json_provinces)
    table = PrettyTable(['地区', '确诊', '死亡', '治愈'])
    for province in provinces:
      confirmed = province['confirmedCount'] if province['confirmedCount'] != 0 else '-'
      dead = province['deadCount'] if province['deadCount'] != 0 else '-'
      cured = province['curedCount'] if province['curedCount'] != 0 else '-'
      table.add_row([province['provinceName'], confirmed, dead, cured])
    print(table)
    print()
    print("==================================最新消息==================================")
    print()
    idx = 0
    for news in json_str['data']['timeline']:
      if idx == 5:
        break
      print(news['pubDateStr'] + " " + news['title'])
      idx = idx + 1
    print()
    key = input("请输入您想查询详细信息的省份，例如 湖北\n")
    print()
    if key in map.keys():
      query(provinces_idx[map[key]])
    else:
      print("暂无相关信息")
    print("\n欢迎提出各种意见")
  except:
    print("连接失败")
if __name__ == '__main__':
  main()
  sleep(30)