按照flask Tutorial 0.11.x中的步骤操作，出现错误？

Z时代
2024-01-10
分类：技术分享

根据官方文档，在flask 0.11.x中出现了cli.command这种装饰器

@app.cli.command('initdb')
def initdb_command():
    """Initializes the database."""
    init_db()    print 'Initialized the database.'

此时在命令行中设置了FLASK_APP=flaskr后(flaskr为app的名字)，输入设置好的命令就可以直接执行函数，官方示例如下

>flask initdbInitialized the database.

可是我自己操作的时候就会出现

>flask initdb
Usage: flask [OPTIONS] COMMAND [ARGS]...Error: No such command "initdb".

而当我使用另一种操作方法就能成功

>python -m flask initdb

Initialized the database.

在官方文档（http://flask.pocoo.org/docs/0.11/cli/）中这样提到过这个使用方法

After installation of Flask you will now find a flask script installed into your virtualenv. If you don’t want to install Flask or you have a special use-case you can also use python -m flask to accomplish exactly the same.

我在Windows、Ubuntu上分别测试过python3.5、python2.7.11，均出现同样情况

现在我想知道为什么flask initdb这种用法不能成功？

=============================================
源码如下

flaskr.py:
# all the imports
import os
import sqlite3
from flask import Flask, request, session, g, redirect, url_for, abort, render_template, flash
# create our little application :)
app = Flask(__name__)
app.config.from_object(__name__)
# Load default config and override config from an environment variable
app.config.update(dict(
    DATABASE=os.path.join(app.root_path, 'flaskr.db'),
    SECRET_KEY='development key',
    USERNAME='admin',
    PASSWORD='default'
))
app.config.from_envvar('FLASKR_SETTINGS', silent=True)
def connect_db():
    """Connects to the specific database."""
    rv = sqlite3.connect(app.config['DATABASE'])
    rv.row_factory = sqlite3.Row
    return rv
def get_db():
    """Opens a new database connection if there is none yet for the
    current application context.
    """
    if not hasattr(g, 'sqlite_db'):
        g.sqlite_db = connect_db()
    return g.sqlite_db
@app.teardown_appcontext
def close_db(error):
    """Closes the database again at the end of the request."""
    if hasattr(g, 'sqlite_db'):
        g.sqlite_db.close()
def init_db():
    db = get_db()
    with app.open_resource('schema.sql', mode='r') as f:
        db.cursor().executescript(f.read())
    db.commit()
@app.cli.command('initdb')
def initdb_command():
    """Initializes the database."""
    init_db()
    print ('Initialized the database.')
if __name__ == '__main__':    app.run()

回答：

我在按照1.0教程走的时候也遇到了这个问题
在flaskr文件夹下使用flask init-db命令运行会报错

Error: No such command "initdb".

解决方法是，在flaskr上层文件夹(flask-tutorial)下使用flask init-db命令。

附文件夹结构：

/home/user/Projects/flask-tutorial ├── flaskr/ │ ├── __init__.py │ ├── db.py │ ├── schema.sql │ ├── auth.py │ ├── blog.py │ ├── templates/ │ │ ├── base.html │ │ ├── auth/ │ │ │ ├── login.html │ │ │ └── register.html │ │ └── blog/ │ │ ├── create.html │ │ ├── index.html │ │ └── update.html │ └── static/ │ └── style.css ├── tests/ │ ├── conftest.py │ ├── data.sql │ ├── test_factory.py │ ├── test_db.py │ ├── test_auth.py │ └── test_blog.py ├── venv/ ├── setup.py

└── MANIFEST.in